2022初中教案人教版初二（下）英语第4讲：unit 2 语法篇（解析版）.docx

Unit 2 语法篇_学生通过本讲学习，能够掌握本单元的重点语法，并在综合能力上有一定的拓展。 （二）动词不定式:肯定式: to do 否定式: not to do 省略to的: do句法作用例       句作宾语She wanted to borrow my radio.作状语She went to see her grandma last Sunday.作宾语补足语Lucy asked him to turn off the radio.She asked me to speak more loudlyThe father made his son study hard.作定语I had something to eat this morning.作主语To learn a foreign language is not easy.1、不定式作宾语口诀：决定想做计划需要同意，能做被用来做的事迫不及待下决心做过去常常未能做的事decide to do sth. 决定做某事want would like to do sth. 想做某事plan to do sth. 计划做某need to do sth. 需要做某事agree to do sth. 同意做某事cant wait to do 迫不及待地要做某事decide to 下决心做used to do 过去常常做某事2、不定式作宾语补足语的动词：ask sb. to do sth. 请求某人做某事tell sb. to do sth. 告诉某人做某事order sb. to do 命令某人做某事。want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事expect sb. to do sth. 期待某人做某事encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事省略to的情况:使役动词：let, make, have感官动词：feel, hear, listen to, look at, see, watch, notice3、动词不定式做主语动词不定式作主语用的动词不定式常常为it替代，动词不定式（或短语）放在后面。例如：It is not easy to learn a foreign language.It took us three days to do the work.4、动词不定式和疑问词连用动词不定式可以和疑问词what ,which, how, where, when 等连用，构成不定式短语。如：I dont know where to go.He showed me how to use a computer.What to do is a big problem.一、请找出下列动词中以动词不定式为宾语的动词并圈出来。enjoy decide plan spend finish want practice agree keep need 解析：不定式作宾语口诀：决定想做计划需要同意，迫不及待下决心做过去常常未能做的事答案：decide plan want agree need 二、请写出下列动词的合适的非谓语形式填空。1. Let me _(help) you water the flowers.2. I saw him _(go) into the small store.3. My mother often asks me _ (do) some cleaning on Sundays 4. It is kind of you _ (help) me to carry these books.5. I want _(travel) around the world after graduation.解析：1. help 使役动词的省to不定式 let sb. do2. go 感官动词的省to不定式 see sb. do3. to do 动词不定式做宾补 ask sb. to do 4. to help 动词不定式做主语 its adj to do 5. to travel 动词不定式做宾语 want to do 基础演练一、单项选择 1. - Some children can't afford   dictionaries.- Let's donate our pocket money to them. A. buyB. buyingC. to buyD. be bought 2. Students should do everything they can   their study. A. improveB. to improveC. improvingD. improved 3. The teacher asked Ben   a difficult question in class. A. answerB. to answerC. answeringD. answer 4. I often watch Danny   baseball on the playground. A. playingB. playsC. playedD. play 5. There is no desks in the lab. Our headmaster told us   our desks. A. to takeB. not takeC. to not takeD. take 6. - Do you know why he left so early?-   for the English test, I guess. A. To studyB. StudyC. StudiedD. Studying 7. The woman feels that she should let her son   his own decision this time. A. makesB. makeC. to makeD. making 8. The children decide   their school yard this Friday afternoon. A. cleanB. to cleanC. cleaningD. cleaned 9. - Excuse me. Could you please tell me the way to the railway station?- Oh, sorry, I don't know. You   go and ask that policeman. A. couldB. mustC. wouldD. need10. - You   write him a letter to say you are sorry for it.- I don't like writing letters. I'll apologize   the phone. A. could; onB. should; inC. can; overD. must; through巩固提高二、翻译(根据中文提示完成句子) 11. 我需要你帮我学英语。I need you         my English.12. 我不知道哪里买这本杂志。I don't know       this magazine.13. 我请妈妈给我买了一个书包。I asked my mother     a schoolbag    .14. 这个女孩可以看望医院里生病的孩子，来使他们振奋起来。The girl could visit the sick kids in the hospital        .15. 为了学习英语，刘女士于1988年去了英国。     English, Ms. Liu went to England in 1988.答案一、单项选择 1. C 2. B 3. B 4. D 5. A 6. A 7. B 8. B 9. A10. A二、翻译(根据中文提示完成句子)11. to help me with12. where to buy13. to buy; for me14. to cheer them up15. To learn一、单选1. Miss Diana   lots of money to the children in poor areas. A. hung outB. gave awayC. put offD. took out2. Their house is similar   ours, but ours has a bigger garden. A. withB. toC. forD. at3. Look! Here is a notice   for teaching jobs. A. askB. to askC. askingD. asks4. It's hard to   living in a place where there are no telephones or cars. A. knowB. realizeC. imagineD. think5. I'll have to ask my parents for some more money because I've  . A. used up itB. used it upC. run it outD. run out it6. Tom   his father, because they are both cheerful and easygoing. A. looks likeB. takes after C. doesn't take afterD. isn't like7. Tom fell down and got hurt, so we sent him to the hospital  . A. at onceB. just a momentC. for onceD. for a moment8. My father helped me   when I lost my job. A. outB. upC. awayD. down9. The plans they made   well. I'm sure they'll succeed soon. A. come outB. work outC. go outD. put out10. My watch doesn't work. Can you help me  . A. fix it upB. fix up itC. take it upD. take up it11. We haven't decided   on vacation. A. where to goB. to go whereC. where goingD. to do whatBBCCB BAABA A二、完形填空（西城13-14年初二期末考试） Once upon a time there was a little boy who became very ill. He had to spend all day in bed, unable to move. Because other children weren't allowed to come near him, he felt 12   and blue. There wasn't much he could do except look out of the window. Time passed, and his feeling of hopelessness just 13  , until one day he saw something strange in the window. It was a bird eating a sausage sandwich. The bird came in, said "good afternoon" to the boy, turned around, and left. Of course, the boy was very surprised. He was still trying to 14   what had happened, when outside his window he saw a monkey blowing up a balloon. After a while, as more and more crazy-looking characters 15   outside the window, he laughed happily. After all, everyone couldn't help 16   when seeing a pig playing the guitar or a dog wearing a pair of glasses and singing. The little boy didn't tell anyone about this, 17   who would have believed him? Even so, those strange characters ended up putting joy back in his 18  , and in his body. Before long, his health had improved so much that he was able to go back to school again. There he got to talk to his friends, and told them all the 19   things he had seen. While talking, he saw something sticking(伸出) out of his best friend's school bag. The boy asked him what it was, and finally his friend had to 20   him what was in the bag. There, inside, were all the fancy-dress suits and disguises(伪装) that his best friend had been using to try to 21   the little boy up! From that day on, the little boy always did his best to make sure that no one felt sad and alone.12.A. greatB. sadC. nervousD. pleased13.A. grewB. changedC. lostD. happened14.A. work outB. make upC. point outD. look for15.A. filledB. lookedC. appearedD. came16.A. cryingB. thinkingC. singingD. laughing17.A. thoughB. becauseC. soD. but18.A. heartB. handsC. healthD. head19.A. littleB. humorousC. strangeD. happy20.A. provideB. sendC. showD. satisfy21.A. wakeB. cheerC. pickD. raise二、完形填空12. B13. A14. A15. C16. D17. B18. A19. C20. C_一、单项选择（共10小题；共10.0分） 1. Mark would like to work outside. He   help to clean up the city parks. A. mustB. needC. couldD. have to 2. - Can you tell the differences between these two pictures?- Differences? Oh, no. They look quite  . A. differentB. similarC. strangeD. interesting 3. Nick lost his key. It made him   in the cold to wait for his parents' return. A. to stayB. stayedC. staysD. stay 4. - Mr. Miller, I am afraid that I can't finish this work in a week.- My boy, be brave and tell yourself  . A. don't give upB. not give up C. not to give upD. to give up 5. Sam plans to go to the western China and   an early childhood school there one day. A. clean upB. look upC. give upD. set up 6. Whatever difficulties we meet, we shouldn't   our hope. A. give upB. fix upC. cheer upD. put up 7. Scientists are trying their best to   ways to treat the terrible disease called H7N9. A. come up withB. look forward to C. talk aboutD. give up 8. - We don't have enough money for our field trip. What shall we do?- The best way   money is to sell newspapers. A. raiseB. to raiseC. raising 9. Mr. Brown   in a small house. Now he lives in a big house with a swimming pool. A. is used to livingB. was used to living C. used to livingD. used to live10. - I am very worried about the coming exam. I am afraid I can't pass this time.-  ! I'm sure you'll make it. A. No problemB. That's right C. Cheer upD. Don't mention it二、完形填空（共10小题；共15.0分） Bill, a thirteen-year-old boy, thought he had grown up to be a man. But his parents told him, "You won't be a real man until you begin to 11   helping others." One morning, his parents gave him some money to 12   some milk for them. Outside a shop he saw a homeless old man who looked very 13  . Bill went to him and asked, "What's wrong with you?" The old man answered, "I'm hungry. I haven't had any food for two days." At the thought of his parents' words, Bill said to the old man, "Let's go to the 14  ." When they got there, Bill asked the waiter to bring out bread and coffee to the old man. The old man finished the meal quickly. After the waiter 15   the plate and the cup, the old man said, "Sorry for giving you so much 16  . I'm fine now. I'll 17   forget your kindness! You are a very good young man." Bill was 18   when he heard this. Just when he wanted to pay for the meal, the waiter came. Bill and the old man learned 19   that the food was free 20   it was the birthday of the boss, and they were the first customers(顾客) that day.11.A. think aboutB. depend onC. give upD. go on12.A. lendB. buyC. drinkD. borrow13.A. afraidB. gladC. sickD. angry14.A. bankB. libraryC. hospitalD. restaurant15.A. sent outB. got downC. gave backD. took away16.A. excuseB. adviceC. troubleD. difficulty17.A. neverB. alwaysC. usuallyD. sometimes18.A. nervousB. pleasedC. sorryD. shy19.A. in surpriseB. as usualC. once againD. at first20.A. whenB. untilC. unlessD. because三、阅读理解（共5小题；共10.0分） Want to know what we can do to help make our city a better place to live in? Why not take pan in "Clean & Green weekend"? Join us, and you can make new friends and help protect the environment at the same time.Park Life Do you like hanging out in the park with your friends? If so, why not take the chance to come with us and tidy up the park as you go? To add some fun, there is a gift for the person who collects the most rubbish! Meet us at the south entrance to Taohe Park at 9 a.m. next Saturday if you want to join in. The Air You Breathe A great way to make the air we breathe cleaner is by planting lots of trees! It is a fact that trees slowly filter(过滤) a lot of pollutants from the air. So come and help us plant some new ones in Fenhe Park at 2 p.m. next Sunday. War on Graffiti(涂鸦) Some people think graffiti is cool. Well, it is not! The best way to stop buildings from becoming totally covered in ugly graffiti is to get rid of it as soon as possible. And that is exactly what we are going to do. We are repainting the school walls from 1 p.m. on Saturday. You dont have to bring any tools, just remember to wear some old clothes!21. The main purpose of "clean & Green Weekend" is to  . A. make our city more beautiful B. offer the chance to have fun C. help students meet old friends22. The students who want to join in the rubbish collecting activity must meet  . A. at 1 p.m. on SaturdayB. at 2 p.m. next Sunday C. at 9 a.m. next Saturday23. If we're going to repaint the school walls, we need to  . A. draw pictures wellB. wear some old clothes C. bring some tools with us24. According to the passage, we know  . A. graffiti can make the buildings look cool B. the person who collects rubbish can get a gift C. we can plant trees to improve the environment25. We might read the above passage  . A. in a fashion magazineB. on a school notice board C. in a newspaper advertisement四、单词拼写(单句首字母填空)（共2小题；共2.0分）26. Do you know who is the o   of the garden?27. The boy is so c   that he can work out many difficult problems.五、单词拼写(根据中文提示拼写单词)（共3小题；共3.0分）28. Can you  (想象) what your life will be like in 10 years?29. Bob will start his  (旅行) to New York.