2022初中教案人教版初二（下）英语第20讲：unit10语法篇（解析版）.docx

Unit 10 语法篇_学生通过本讲学习，能够掌握本单元的重点语法，并在综合能力上有一定的拓展。现在完成时for，since用法1. 表示在过去开始一直延续到现在(可能延续下去)的动作或状态时,时间状语有：for (two years),since 1990, since (two weeks ago)和since引导的状语从句。如：I have been away from my hometown for thirty years.(我离开家乡有30年了)Uncle Wang has worked in the factory since it opened.(自从这家工厂开张,王叔叔一直在那儿工作)2. 口语中have got往往表示have(有)的意思。如：They have got thousands of books in their library.(他们图书馆有上万本书)3. have been to与have gone to的区别：have gone to(“已经去了”)表示人不在这里,have been to(“去过”)表示人在这里。如：-Where is Mr Li? He has gone to the UK.(李先生在哪里？他去了英国。) -Do you know something about Beijing? Yes, I have been to Beijing three times. (你知道北京的情况吗？是的,我去过那里三次。)4. 在完成时中,一个瞬间性动词(一次性动作)不能与表示一段时间的状语连用,此时须将该瞬间动词改为延续性动词或状态动词。具体变化见下表：瞬间性动词的完成时延续性动词或状态动词的完成时have(already)gone tohavebeen in / at for (two years)hascome tohasbeen heresince (1990)(had)left(had)been away fromarrivedbeen indiedbeen deadbegunbeen onendedbeen overbought.hadborrowedkeptjoinedbeen in 或者使用下面这个句型：It is / has been + (多久)+ since + 主语(人)+谓语(过去时)+过去时间状语注意 在其它的时态中也存在类似问题,记住,关键是：瞬间动词不能和表达一段时间的状语连用。如：How long may I keep the book?(这本书我能借多久？)(句子中keep取代了borrow)1. They have been friends   over ten years. A. sinceB. inC. forD. with解析：现在完成时中和一段时间连用的介词为for，故选C。 2. - How long have you   the bike?- For three years. A. borrowedB. lentC. boughtD. had 解析：在现在完成时中，和for，since连用的谓语应该是延续性动词而不是为点动词，故选D。3. He has lived here   he was six years old. A. sinceB. forC. whenD. from解析：引导现在完成时的时间状语时，for+一段时间，since+时间点或句子，故选A。 4. Rose came to Beijing in 2002. She   here for eight years. A. was livingB. liveC. will liveD. has lived解析：因为是for引导一段时间，同时根据题意可知此题为一般现在时，故选D。 5. -   did your brother leave home?- He   for nearly half an hour. A. When; has leftB. When; has been away C. How long; has leftD. How long; has been away解析：在问句中因为leave是点动词，因此是问你弟弟什么时候离开家，故用when，第二个句子因为是和for引导的一段时间，故为现在完成时，同时谓语应该为延续性动词，故选B。基础演练一、单项选择（共10小题；共10.0分） 1. - We've lived here   2001.- So you've lived here   about five years. A. since; forB. for; sinceC. for; forD. since; since 2. Miss Gao has taught us English   two years. I have been here   two years ago. A. since; forB. since; sinceC. for; sinceD. for; for 3. Joe, my close friend, moved to Beijing years ago, and I   him since then. A. don't seeB. didn't seeC. haven't seenD. won't see 4. The train   here for ten minutes already. A. has beenB. has comeC. has stoppedD. has gone 5. The Smiths came to Shanghai in 2008. They   there for three years since then. A. liveB. livedC. have livedD. will live 6. I   my hometown for a long time. I really miss it! A. leftB. went away from C. have leftD. have been away from 7. She   this book for nearly three weeks. A. has borrowedB. has lentC. has boughtD. has kept 8. - How is your grandfather?- Oh, he   for half a year.- I am sorry to hear that. A. has diedB. diedC. has been deadD. dies 9. Sam   Chinese since he came to China. He speaks Chinese well now. A. learnsB. learnedC. has learnedD. will learn10. Hurry up! The play   for ten minutes. A. has begunB. had begunC. has been onD. began二、翻译(根据中文提示完成句子)（共5小题；共5.0分）11. - 你做了多长时间的作业了?- 两个小时了。-How long   you   your homework?-   two hours.12. 詹姆斯自从2008年就在北京做外教。James     a foreign teacher in Beijing   2008.13. 这本书你已经借了一个星期了。请尽快还回来。You     this book for a week. Please give it back as soon as possible.14. 从2000年开始，他就离开了家乡。He     away from his hometown  2000.15. 他奶奶生病了, 已经住院一个月了。His grandmother       in hospital for a month .答案一、单项选择 1. A 2. C 3. C 4. A 5. C 6. D 7. D 8. C 9. C10. C二、翻译(根据中文提示完成句子)11. have ; done ; For12. has been, since13. have kept14. has been;since15. has been ill 巩固提高根据汉语意思翻译句子（每空一词）1. 我还没有完成作业。I _ _ my homework _.2. 上周我妈妈去美国了，到现在还没有回来。My mother _ to America last week, and she _ _ back yet.3 你喂小狗了吗？ 喂了。我刚刚喂了它。 _ you _ the little dog? Yes, I _ it just now.4他已经看了两个小时的电视了。He _ _ _ TV for two hours.5他离开家乡三年了。_ _ _ three years _ he left hometown.6Susan两个月前离开了学校。Two months _ _ _ Susan left school.7我去过北京两次了。I _ _ _ Beijing twice.8 你读过小妇人吗？ 不，我还没有。 _ you _ Little Woman yet? No, _ _.9你决定英语课要写的书了吗？_ you _ yet which book _ _ about for English class?10. 我选了金银岛，但是我还没有读完它。I chose Treasure Island, but I _ _ reading it _.havent finished; yetwent; hasnt comeHave; fed; fedhas already watchedIt has been; sincehas passed sincehave been toHave; read; I havent Have; decided; to writehavent finished; yet一、用动词的正确形式填空1_ she _ (water) the flowers yet?2He _ (leave) the country and gone to India.3I have _ (be) here for three months.4I _ already _ (buy) a new car.5I _ (have) no news from him for a long time.二、 将下列句子改为现在完成时，每空一词6. He came back two hours ago.He _ _ back _ two hours.7She joined the music club last week.She _ _ _ the music club _ two weeks.8They came here in 2008.They _ _ here _ 2008.9. Jane borrowed the book last month.Jane _ _ the book _two months.10. Tom bought the car in 2009.Tom _ _ the car _ 2009.1. Has; watered 2. has left 3. been 4. have; bought 5. have had6. has been; for 7. has been in; for 8. have been; since 9. has kept; for 10. has had; since二、完型（171中学期中考试题）Young people are often unhappy when they are with their parents. They say that their parents don't 1  them. They often think their parents are too strict with them, and they are never given a 2   hand. Parents often find 3   difficult to win their children's trust and they seem to forget how they themselves 4   when they were young. For example, young people like to do things without much thinking. It's one of their ways to 5  that they grow up and they can do with any difficult things. Older people worry more easily. Most of them plan things ahead and don't like their plans to be changed. When you want your parents to let you do something, you will have better success 6   you ask before you really start doing it. Young people often make their parents angry by clothes they want, the music they enjoy and something else. But they 7   to cause any trouble. They just feel that in this way they can be cut off from the old people's world and they want to make a new culture of their own. And if their parents don't like their music or clothes or their manner of speech, the young people feel very 8  . Sometimes you even don't want your parents to say “ 9  ” to what you do. You want to stay at home 10   and do what you like. If you plan to control your 11  , you'd better win your parents over and try to get them to understand you. If your parents see that you have high sense of responsibility, they will certainly give you the right to do 12   you want to do.1.A. rememberB. cook meals for C. understandD. know2.A. helpfulB. usefulC. freeD. strong3.A. thatB. thisC. oneD. it4.A. thoughtB. wantedC. neededD. felt5.A. learnB. seeC. findD. show6.A. sinceB. ifC. becauseD. after7.A. don't meanB. meanC. don't likeD. like8.A. lonelyB. unhappyC. interestingD. strange9.A. YesB. NoC. SorryD. That's right10.A. aloneB. lonelyC. evenD. though11.A. lifeB. workC. studyD. health12.A. thatB. whatC. howD. whenCCDDD BABAA AB_二、单项选择31. - Hi, guys. Where are you heading now?- Home. We   all our money, so we have to walk home now. A. spendB. spentC. have spentD. are spending32. - Is Jack at home?- No, he   the bookshop. He   there a few minutes ago. A. has gone to; wentB. has gone to; has been C. has been to; wentD. has been to; has gone33. It is   noisy here   I can't hear you clearly. A. very; becauseB. too; toC. very; thatD. so; that34.   it rained heavily, no one in our class was late for school. A. BecauseB. Even thoughC. As soon asD. Until35. Our head teacher often   us   English. A. encourage; to learnB. encourages; to learn C. encouraged; to learnD. encourages; learn36. Mr. Green   his lessons when I went into his office. A. preparesB. preparedC. is preparingD. was preparing37. You look tired. You should be out for a walk   working indoors. A. ahead ofB. instead ofC. in front ofD. instead38. - How long have you lived   Shenzhen?-   ten years. A. in; ForB. in; SinceC. at; ForD. on; Since39. You won't pass the exam   you study hard. A. becauseB. ifC. unlessD. though40. If you want to succeed in   this test, you should work hard. A. passB. to passC. passedD. passing41. - Have you finished your work  , Jane?- Yes, I've done it  . A. already; yetB. yet; already C. yet; yetD. already; already42. - Could I go boating this weekend, Dad?- Yes, you  . But you   come back before lunch. A. could; mustB. can; mustC. could; shouldD. must; should43.   I get an answer from him, I'll ring you up. A. WhenB. WhileC. As soon asD. Even though44. In the exam, the   you are, the   mistakes you'll make. A. carefully; littleB. more carefully; fewest C. more careful; fewerD. more careful; less45. - Why didn't you enjoy the film?- It was   film that I had ever seen. A. the most interestingB. the least interesting C. more interestingD. less interesting三、完形填空 Mobile phones are becoming more and more popular not only with grown-ups but also 46   students. Meanwhile, they also 47   a problem for middle schools in the past few years. Some children have got mobile phones as Christmas or birthday gifts, and more will 48   want them. Many like SMS(Short Message Service) because it is easy and 49  . Some parents felt happy because they could get in touch 50   their children. Some teachers said mobile phone use was a distraction(分心的事) to students during school hours and it also gave them much 51   in their classrooms. Sometimes students might use phone messages to cheat(作弊) during exams. A new study found that some teenagers who send messages in class even hurt their fingers because they can't 52   using SMS. Many teachers suggested that students should not have phones at school, 53   if there was a good reason, they could 54   their phones at school office. Many people think they understand 55   parents would want their children to have them, but they agree schools should let the students know when they can use their mobile phones.46.A. withB. ofC. forD. in47.A. becameB. had becomeC. have becomeD. becomes48.A. stillB. yetC. alreadyD. just49.A. importantB. quickC. boringD. relaxing50.A. againstB. onC. withD. to51.A. businessB. troubleC. informationD. problem52.A. stopB. keepC. continueD. decide53.A. andB. butC. thoughD. however54.A. missB. leaveC. lieD. take55.A. whetherB. becauseC. whyD. when四、阅读理解A Lots of people make it as their aim to get to the top of Mount Everest. Mark is one of them. The difference between Mark and other climbers is that he lost both his legs when climbing New Zealand's highest mountain, Mount Cook. He was caught in a big ice hole and he had to have his legs cut below the knees after he was saved. But that couldn't make Mark lose heart, who has become the first person with man-made legs to reach the top of Mount Everest. From the top of the world's highest mountain, Mark called his wife to say he made it. His wife, Anne got the phone when she was sleeping. She couldn't hear him clearly on the phone. She was unable to say when he reached the top but thought it was around midday. She also said his "legs" didn't work well sometimes, so her husband was carrying a spare leg and repair tools. Mark used to be a mountain guide before his accident. He said it was not important that no one like him had ever reached the 8850-meter mountain. "I'm not doing this to be the first. I have been climbing most of my life and I just feel Mount Everest is really a great aim. I want to send a message that I can do anything better."56. What was the difference between Mark and other climbers? A. He went mountain-climbing with his wife. B. He climbed mountains with man-made legs. C. He was the first to climb Mount Everest. D.