高考2022高三总复习教案：倒装.doc

高考总复习：倒装编稿：陈玉莲 审稿：王春霞真题再现：1. Never before _ seen anybody who can play tennis as well as Robert.A. had sheB. she hadC. has sheD. she has2. Had they known what was coming next, they_ second thought.A. may haveB. could haveC. must have had D. might have had3. The headmaster will not permit the change in the course, nor_ it a thought.A. does he even given B. he even gives C. will he even giveD. he will even given4. Not until he retired from teaching three years ago _ having a holiday abroad. A. he had considered B. had he considered C. he considered D. did he consider5. This is not my story, nor _ the whole story. My story plays out differently.A. is thereB. there is C. is it D. it is 6. Only after Mary read her composition the second time_ the spelling mistake. A. did she noticeB. she noticedC. does she noticeD. she has noticed1. C。句首有关键词Never，否定词提前到句首，句子部分倒装。排除B，D。再根据句子时态，应用现在完成时，故选C。2. D。题干是一个倒装句，可还原为：if they had known what was coming next, they might have had second thought。根据had known提示，可知是与过去事实相反，因此虚拟语气主句中应该用would/might +have done，由此可见答案D符合语境。3. C。空白处前为否定词“nor”位于句首，句子应该使用部分倒装结构，而且根据语境空白处应使用一般将来时，C选项符合题意。因此，正确答案为C选项。4. D。Not until位于句首时句子要倒装，consider having a holiday abroad这个动作发生在retire之后，所以用一般过去时。5. C。nor位于句首引起部分倒装，排除B、D；再根据句意“这并不是（关于）我的故事，它也不是故事的全部。我的故事的结局不同。”选代词it。故答案选C。6. A。题干中Only引导的时间状语从句（after Mary read her composition the second time）放在句首，主句采用部分倒装，将助词did提前，排除B，D；另外题干的时态为过去时，排除C。语法讲解：英语句子的自然语序通常是主语在前，谓语在后，即：主语+谓语(+宾语等)。但是，在实际的语言实践中，由于语法结构的要求，或是由于修饰的需要，往往要改变句子的自然语序，把一些本应置于主语之后的句子成分提前。我们称这种语序的变化为“倒装语序”。 完全倒装完全倒装是指把整个谓语部分放在主语之前，即主语和谓语的位置完全颠倒过来。注意：谓语动词的数要与后面的主语保持一致。常见于以下几种情况：1. 用于地点副词here, there，方位副词out, in, up, down及时间副词now, then等开头的句子里，以示强调。Up jumped the boy. Here is the book you want. There goes the bell.Out rushed the children. Look! Here comes the bus. Now came your turn to recite the text.这种倒装要求：主语必须是名词。主语是人称代词时，主语和谓语语序不变。Away it flew.Out they rushed the moment the bell rang.这类倒装句式一般只用一般现在时和一般过去时。Here it is. Here comes the bus.Out rushed the boys.There you go again. 2. 当表示地点的介词短语放句首时。注意：谓语多为be, lie, sit, stand, come,等不及物动词。On the desk lay two pens. Under the table are three white cats. By his side stood a little boy. In front of my house flows a stream.From the distance came a soldier who was riding a horse. Between the two windows hangs a large map of China.3. there放在句首时，要用倒装句式。在“there + be”结构中的谓语动词有时不用be , 而用表示类似“存在”观念的其他不及物动词。如：live, stand, come, lie, flow, enter, rise, seem 和appear等。There came shouts for help from the river.There lies a large wheat field in front of the house.Many years ago there lived an old man in the wooden house.4.表语置于句首时，倒装结构为“表语+系动词 (be)+主语”。形容词+be+主语：Present at the meeting was Mr. Green, a headmaster. 分词+be+主语：Hidden behind the door were some naughty children. Gone forever are the days when the Chinese people were looked down upon.Hanging on the wall was a painting by Qi Baishi.介词短语+be+主语：In front of the playground is a newly-built house. At the bottom of the bed was the stocking, now full of all kinds of small presents and sweets.such + be + 主语：Such was Albert Einstein, a simple but great scientist.Such is the power of media that it can make a person famous overnight.5. 有时由于主语较长，谓语很短，为保持句子平衡，或为了强调表语或状语，或使上下文紧密衔接时。They arrived at a house, in front of which sat an old man.6. 在一些表示祝愿的句子里。Long live the Communist Party!May you all be happy! 部分倒装 【链接高清课堂】部分倒装即将谓语的一部分，如助动词、情态动词或系动词置于主语之前。应用于下列情景1. “Only状语或状语从句”置于句首时。Only when one loses freedom does one know its value.Only in this way can we achieve our goal. Only in a few countries does the whole of the population enjoy a high standard of living.注意：only后接主语不倒装。Only the teachers are allowed to use the restroom.Only five people were injured in the accident.2. 否定副词、短语或否定状语从句位于句首时，句子要部分倒装。此类否定副词或短语有neither, nor, never, not, nowhere, hardly, scarcely, rarely, seldom, little, no longer, at no time, by no means, in no way, in no case, under no circumstances, on no account, not only, not until, in vain等。Not a word did he say at the last meeting.Nowhere in the world can you find a man who loves you so much.Under no circumstances can customers money be refunded.Never before has our country been united as it is today.Not until quite recently did I know what Blog was.Not until the boy fell asleep did the mother leave.In no way can theory be separated from practice.In vain did we try to persuade her to give up her plan.By no means was he able to handle the tough problem.注意：如果hardly, scarcely后面接的是any, ever, at all时，意义类似almost no/ not/ never（几乎不、从不），则无须倒装。Hardly any people having been invited went there.Not only did we lose all our money, but we also came close to losing our lives.Neither could theory do without practice, nor could practice do without theory.注意：只有当not only. but also连接两个分句时，才在第一个分句用倒装结构。如果置于句首的not only.but also仅连接两个并列词语，不用倒装结构。Not only you but also I am fond of music. 3. 当一些关联词如no sooner.than, scarcely.when, hardly.when, not only.but also, neither. . . nor等位于句首时，从句部分要倒装。No sooner had he come back home than it began to rain.Scarcely had they started lunch when the doorbell rang.Hardly had I solved the problem when a new one arose.4. 当 “so/such. that” 结构中的 so, such 位于句首时。So proud is the young man that he is reluctant to accept others opinion.So loudly did he speak that even the people in the next room could hear him.So fast does light travel that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed.Such a good student was she that all the teachers liked her.5. often, always, once, many a time, now and again, every other day, every two hours等表频率时。Often did I want to talk about my experience there.Many a time has he helped me with my schoolwork.6. 形容词位于句首时。Happy are the old people nowadays.Present at the conference were distinguished guests from various countries.Very important in the farmers life is the weather report.Lucky is he who has been enrolled into a famous university.在此句型中，形容词在句子中作be动词的表语。一般副词、分词或介词短语被强调时，句子也可以完全倒装。 Hidden underground is a great deal of gold.Lying on the grass was a wounded soldier.7. 当so, neither, nor位于句首加强语气时。Production is going up steadily, so is peoples living standard.He didnt say anything. Nor/Neither did his mother.Tom works very hard at his lesson and so do his classmates.注意：指代同一物体时不倒装。Water can conduct electricity; so it can. It is warm today. So it is!8. if引导的虚拟条件从句，如果省略if，就将were，should和had置于从句的主语前。Were she not busy in writing a book, she would have gone to the park with her child.Had the policemen arrived immediately, the killer would have been caught.Should you change your mind, no one would blame you.形式倒装形式上的倒装在语法上称为前置。它的特点是只把被强调的内容提至句首，主谓并不倒装。常见的形式倒装句式主要如下：1. 感叹句What an interesting story it is!How fine it is!2. the more, the more句型（注意：此句型中more代表的是形容词或副词的比较级，要灵活使用。）The more you listen to English, the easier it becomes.The more you eat, the fatter you become. 3. as, though引导让步状语从句时，其句式为“形容词/副词/名词/动词原形+as (though)+主语+谓语”。Child as he is, he knows a lot.Exhausted as she was, she wasnt able to sleep.Much as I admire her, I cannot excuse her faults. Fail as I did, I wouldnt abandon my goalTry hard as he will, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily.注意：名词前置时，名词前不加任何冠词；主谓不倒装。