精品解析：江苏省常州市2019年中考英语试题（解析版）.doc

2019年江苏省常州市中考英语试题一、单项选择从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。1.- When would you like to go swimming with me, this Friday or this Saturday?-_.I am free only this Sunday.A. NoneB. BothC. EitherD. Neither【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意： 你什么时候想和我一起去游泳，这个星期五还是这个星期六？ 这两天都不行。我只有这个星期天有空。A. None三者以上都不；B. Both两者都；C. Either两者中任何一个；D. Neither两者都不。根据I am free only this Sunday. 我只有这个星期天有空。可知，上文的星期五和星期六都不行，应该表示否定，因此排除B；上文问的是星期五还是星期六，是指两天，因此排除选项A；Either是指这两天中的某一天，再根据答语I am free only this Sunday. 我只有这个星期天有空。说明星期五和星期六都不行，故选D。2.- Can you give me some advice on how to be slimmer?- Eat _ meat and _cakes.A. less; lessB. fewer; fewerC. less; fewerD. fewer; less【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意： 你能给我一些关于如何苗条的建议吗？ 少吃肉类和蛋糕。本题考查little和few的用法。little修饰不可数名词，其比较级为less；few修饰可数名词，其比较级为fewer。meat“肉”，不可数名词，因此应该用less来修饰，排除B/D；cakes“蛋糕，糕点”，可数名词，因此应该用fewer来修饰。故选C。3.Jim is watching a football match which is shown _TV. Though he is not on the scene, he can still cheer for his team.A. livelyB. liveC. livingD. alive【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：吉姆正在看电视直播的足球比赛。虽然他不在现场，但他仍然可以为他的球队欢呼。A. lively则意为“活泼的”，“活跃”，“充满生气的”，可作定语、表语或宾补，既可指人，又可指物。B. live “活着的”，通常指物，不指人，常用来作定语放名词的前面。还指“实况转播的”。C. living意为“活着”强调说明“尚在人间”，“健在”，可用来指人或物，作定语或表语。D. alive意为“活着”，侧重说明生与死之间的界限，既可指人，也可指物；可用来作表语，后置定语或宾补。虽有死的可能，但还活着。本题填的语境就是指：吉姆正在看电视直播的足球比赛。故选B。4.- _I keep the book for a week? - Sorry I'm afraid you _.A. Need; couldn'tB. Need; can'tC. May; couldn'tD. May; cant【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意： 我可以把这本书放一个星期吗？ 对不起，恐怕不行。本题考查情态动词的一般疑问句及其答语。May引导的一般疑问句的回答，肯定回答：Yes, you may/can. 否定回答：No, you can't/ mustn't. Need引导的一般疑问句的回答，肯定回答一定是Yes, you must. 否定回答：No, you needn't 或者 No, you don't have to.根据以上的分析可知，只有选项D正确。5.You must raise your hand if you have any questions in class._, your teacher wont notice you.A. OtherwiseB. AnyhowC. InsteadD. Moreover【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：如果课堂上有任何问题，你必须举手。否则，你的老师不会注意到你。A. Otherwise用作连词，意思为“否则；要不然”，相当于 or，or else 或 if not；B. Anyhow不管怎样；C. Instead反而；D. Moreover更多的是。根据You must raise your hand if you have any questions in class._, your teacher wont notice you. 如果课堂上有任何问题，你必须举手。_，你的老师不会注意到你。可知，应该选择Otherwise “否则；要不然”，符合语境，故选A。6.He chose to study in a junior school near his home. It _ to be a wise decision.A. put outB. put onC. turned outD. turned on【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：他选择在他家附近的一所初中学习。结果证明这是一个明智的决定。A. put out熄灭；B. put on穿上；C. turned out结果证明；D. turned on打开。本题考查turn out的用法。turn out = turn out to be这是个系动词，后面可以跟形容词或名词作表语，意思是“结果证明”。turn out等系动词后也可以接不定式（尤其to be）短语作表语，to be可以省略。故选C。7.I won't stop loving English _ the sun rises in the west.A. ifB. althoughC. becauseD. unless【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：我不会停止热爱英语，除非太阳从西方升起。A. if如果；B. although虽然；C. because因为；D. unless除非。根据I won't stop loving English _ the sun rises in the west. 我不会停止热爱英语，_ 太阳从西方升起。可知，应该选择unless除非。unless是从属连词，所引导的条件状语从句常用一般现在时表示将来意义，主句多用一般将来时。符合语境。故选D。8.In the library, students are required to keep _ and move _.A. quiet; quietB. quiet; quietlyC. quietly; quietD. quietly; quietly【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：在图书馆里，学生必须保持安静和悄悄地走动。quiet 是形容词，而形容词一般修饰名词、系动词、感官动词；quietly 是副词，副词一般修饰实义动词。本题的keep用作系动词，意为“保持（某种状态）”，其后常接形容词作表语，故排除C/D；move“移动，走动”，动词，后面应该用副词来修饰。故选B。9.-Could you tell me _ the music?- He used traditional Chinese music art and the sounds of an ancient Chinese bell.A. how he madeB. how did he makeC. why he madeD. why did he make【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意： 你能告诉我他是怎么做音乐的吗？ 他使用中国传统音乐艺术和中国古代钟的声音。本题考查宾语从句。宾语从句要用陈述句的语序，故排除B/D；根据答语He used traditional Chinese music art and the sounds of an ancient Chinese bell. 他使用中国传统音乐艺术和中国古代钟的声音。可知，这里介绍了他制作音乐的方式。因此用how来提问。故选A。【点睛】此题考查宾语从句。宾语从句特别要注意的是它的语序和时态。1语序无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句都必须使用陈述句语序，即宾语从句的主从句是一体的。2. 时态含宾语从句的复合句，主、从句谓语动词的时态呼应，包括以下三点内容：1）如果主句的谓语动词是一般现在时，从句的谓语动词可根据需要，选用相应的任何时态。如：I dont know when he will come back. 我不知道他将何时回来。He tells me that his sister came back yesterday. 他告诉我他姐姐昨天回来了。2）如果主句的谓语动词是过去时，宾语从句的谓语动词只可根据需要，选用过去时态即一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时或过去完成时的某一种形式。如：The children didn't know who he was. 孩子们不知道他是谁。He asked his father how it happened. 他问他父亲这件事是如何发生的。3）如果宾语从句所表示的是客观事实、普遍真理、自然现象或习惯性动作等，不管主句用什么时态，从句时态都用一般现在时。如：The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun. 老师说地球绕着太阳转。10.- How would you like your coffee?-_.A. I like it very much.B. With some milk, please.C. No thanks.D. Yes, it smells good.【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意： 你想要什么样的咖啡？ 请加些牛奶吧。A. I like it very much. 我非常喜欢。B. With some milk, please. 请加些牛奶。C. No thanks. 不，谢谢。D. Yes, it smells good. 是的，闻起来很香。根据问句How would you like your coffee? 你想要什么样的咖啡？可知，应该选择With some milk, please. 请加些牛奶。符合语境。故选B。二、完形填空阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Basketball can be fun, or it can be trouble. People gather around a ball, but their reactions (反应) often go _11_ the object. It was a terribly hot summer day when the group of us appeared on the basketball court. Silently, we _12_ up and played, as always. The sun was a big " squeezer (挤压者)", as it not only squeezed out of us sweet (汗水) and _13_, but also our unhappy feelings. Body contact became more and more often, and we could all _14_ the attacks of elbows (肘部). After another round of game, one of the players and I fell to the ground at the same time. From his burning eyeballs. I could see a _15_ was almost unavoidable. It suddenly came to me that my tins of Cola were lying on the ground, about an inch away from me. "Buddy, hot down here. What about a _16_?" I said to him. _17_ I rolled (滚动) one to him, looking at him in the eyes with my most sincere facial expression. "I guess I'm quite fine. Lucky no _18_bones or we'll end up in the hospital! " I said.Other players watching nearby all laughed. I could clearly see some movement on his face. My _19_ did work! He picked the Cola up, tried to open it, and walked over. As he passed by my side, he _20_ his left hand, and smiled at me. I smiled back, took his hand, and gave him a light shake.A gentle wind caught me on the face as I returned to the basketball court. The sun continued to provide _21_ for us. What could be better than a group of school students _22_basketball skills on a warm, sunny afternoon?11. A. towardsB. aboutC. beyondD. for12. A. teamedB. cheeredC. cookedD. caught13. A. timeB. energyC. healthD. pride14. A. acceptB. affordC. smellD. feel15. A. matchB. fightC. touchD. risk16. A. gameB. talkC. drinkD. ball17. A. AngrilyB. EquallyC. GuiltilyD. Carefully18. A. lazyB. hiddenC. medicalD. broken19. A. humorB. chanceC. adviceD. trust20. A. looked atB. thought ofC. put awayD. held out21. A. worryB. warmthC. stressD. peace22. A. protectingB. encouragingC. exchangingD. comparing【答案】11. A 12. A 13. B 14. B 15. B 16. C 17. D 18. D 19. C 20. D 21. C 22. C【解析】【分析】本文介绍了篮球是有趣的，也是会带麻烦的。本文的作者在发生矛盾时，用自己的方式处理了这次矛盾。使得事情圆满解决。【11题详解】句意：人们聚集在一个球的周围，但他们的反应往往朝向目标（眼前的篮球）。A. towards向；朝；仅表“方向”，比for 的意味要强。B. about大约；C. beyond表示时间，其意为“迟于；超过”。D. for向，接在leave, start, depart 等动词之后，表方向。根据People gather around a ball, but their reactions (反应) often go _1_ the object. 人们聚集在一个球的周围，但他们的反应往往_ 目标（the object）。可知，应该选择towards向；朝；符合语境，故选A。【12题详解】句意：我们像往常一样，默默无语地组队比赛。A. teamed组队；B. cheered欢呼；C. cooked烹饪；D. caught抓住。根据Silently, we _2_ up and played, as always. 我们像往常一样，默默无语地_比赛。可知，应该选择teamed组队；team up：(使) 结成一队, 合作, 协作。符合语境，故选A。【13题详解】句意：太阳是一个巨大的“挤压者”，因为它不仅挤出了我们的汗水和活力，也挤出了我们不快乐的感觉。A. time时间；B. energy活力；C. health健康；D. pride骄傲。根据It was a terribly hot summer day when the group of us appeared on the basketball court. 那是一个非常炎热的夏天，我们一群人出现在篮球场上。可以推知，在这样的一个炎热的夏天里打球，浑身都是汗水而且仍然活力四射。故选B。【14题详解】句意：身体接触越来越频繁，我们都能承受肘部的攻击。 A. accept接受 (建议、邀请等) ；B. afford承担得起 (后果) ；C. smell闻到；D. feel感到。根据Body contact became more and more often, and we could all _4_ the attacks of elbows (肘部). 身体接触越来越频繁，我们都能 _ 肘部的攻击。可知，应该选择 afford承担得起 (后果) ；符合语境，故选B。【15题详解】句意：我能看到一场打斗几乎是不可避免的。A. match竞赛；B. fight打斗；C. touch触摸；D. risk危险。根据After another round of game, one of the players and I fell to the ground at the same time. From his burning eyeballs. 又一轮比赛后，我和其中一个队员同时摔倒在地。从他燃烧的眼球中。可以推知下文应该是要发生一场打斗。符合语境，故选B。【16题详解】句意：喝一杯怎么样？A. game游戏；B. talk谈论；C. drink一杯；D. ball球。根据It suddenly came to me that my tins of Cola were lying on the ground, about an inch away from me. 我突然想到，我的罐装可乐就在地上，离我大约一英寸远。可以推知应该是邀请另一个人（one of the players）喝一杯。故选C。【17题详解】句意：我小心地向他滚了一个，用我最真诚的表情看着他的眼睛。A. Angrily愤怒地；B. Equally同样地；C. Guiltily内疚地；D. Carefully小心地。该句话中的one指代上文的罐装可乐（tins of Cola），因为罐装可乐容易爆裂，因此应该是小心地向他滚了一个。故选D。【18题详解】句意： “幸运的是，没有骨折，否则我们就得住院了！”我说。A. lazy懒散的；B. hidden难以看见的；C. medical医疗的；D. broken伤残的。broken bones：骨折；断骨。故选D。【19题详解】句意：我的建议奏效了！A. humor幽默；B. chance机会；C. advice建议；D. trust信任。根据He picked the Cola up, tried to open it, and walked over. 他拿起可乐，试图打开，然后走了过来。可以推知应该是作者的建议奏效了！故选C。【20题详解】句意：当他从我身边走过时，他伸出左手朝我微笑。A. looked at看着；B. thought of想到；C. put away把收起；D. held out伸出。根据I smiled back, took his hand, and gave him a light shake. 我笑了笑，握住他的手，轻轻地握了他一下。可知，当他从我身边走过时，他应该是伸出左手朝我微笑。因此应该选择held out伸出。故选D。【21题详解】句意：太阳继续给我们带来压力。A. worry担心；B. warmth温暖；C. stress压力；D. peace和平。根据前文的句子It was a terribly hot summer day when the group of us appeared on the basketball court. 那是一个非常炎热的夏天，我们一群人出现在篮球场上。所以选项C不符合语境。由句子The sun continued to provide _11_ for us. 太阳继续给我们带来_。可知，应该选择stress压力；符合语境。故选C。【22题详解】句意：在一个温暖、阳光明媚的下午，有什么能比一群学生交流篮球技能更好呢？A. protecting保护；B. encouraging鼓励；C. exchanging交流；D. comparing比较。根据What could be better than a group of school students _12_basketball skills on a warm, sunny afternoon? 在一个温暖、阳光明媚的下午，有什么能比一群学生 _ 篮球技能更好呢？可知，应该选择exchanging交流；符合语境。而compare常与with连用，构成comparewith：把与比较；但在现代英语中，也可用 compareto，或者用 compareand。故选C。【点睛】完形填空题与单项选择题不同，它给出的是一篇意思较为完整的短文。做该题型试题时，首先应跳过空格通读全文，以全文为背景，联系句子的上下文进行推理和判断，从4个选项中选出一项进行试填。考生可以从词义用法、固定搭配、逻辑推理和上下文的联系等方面去考虑。最后应再把全文通览一遍，细心检查所选答案能否使短文上下连贯，前后呼应，词句通顺，使短文意思完整。检查时还应从语法、惯用法、逻辑推理和事情发生的情节等方面进行考虑，以达到准确无误之目的。第2小题考查动词辨析。句意：我们像往常一样，默默无语地组队比赛。A. teamed组队；B. cheered欢呼；C. cooked烹饪；D. caught抓住。根据Silently, we _2_ up and played, as always. 我们像往常一样，默默无语地_比赛。可知，应该选择teamed组队；team up：(使) 结成一队, 合作, 协作。符合语境，故选A。第6小题是考查名词辨析。句意：喝一杯怎么样？A. game游戏；B. talk谈论；C. drink一杯；D. ball球。根据It suddenly came to me that my tins of Cola were lying on the ground, about an inch away from me. 我突然想到，我的罐装可乐就在地上，离我大约一英寸远。可以推知应该是邀请另一个人（one of the players）喝一杯。故选C。三、阅读理解阅读下列短文, 从短文后各题所给的A,B,C,D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。AThe Dead SeaAt 430 meters below sea level, the Dead Sea is Earth's lowest point on land. It is popular for its wonderful buoyancy(浮力). The high salt content-more than 34 percent - makes swimming more like floating. Now the Dead Sea is actually dying. People are using water from the Jordan River, which takes water away from the Dead Sea. Since 1930, its surf area has reduced by almost 40 percent.Venice, ItalyWith waterways instead of streets. This "Floating City" has attracted visitors for centuries. But no visit to Venice is complete without a ride on one of its famous gondolas, human poweredwater taxis. Water creates Venice. But water will also kill the city.Built on soft earth, Venice has slowly been sinking (下沉) for centuries. Now, with rising sea levels caused by human activities, it's sinking faster. According to US-based magazine Architectural Digest, the city may disappear in the next 100 years. Better book your gondola soon!Great Barrier Reef, AustraliaCovering more than 2,300 kilometers of Australia's northeast coast, Great Barrier Reef is the world's largest reef ecosystem, and an ideal place for scuba divers (水肺潜水者).Thousands of colorful coral (珊瑚) and fish make homes in the blue sea water. It's like a big underwater party!Sadly the party might be over soon. The reef is dying. Human activities are changing the weather. Warming ocean, water kills the coral, and this causes problems up the food chain. The New York Times reported that large parts are already dead, and the reef system might be gone by 2030.23. What can be the best title of the passage?A. Disappearing Watery WondersB. Amazing Man-made Wonders on the SeaC. Lost Watery Wonders on the SeaD. Last Watery Wonders in the World24. Which of the following is the shared cause of the problems all the three places are facing?A. Water loss.B. Sea pollution.C. Warming seas.D. Human activities.25. If Tom wants to visit all the following places before they are gone, and he can only afford one in the next 15 years, where must he go?A. The Dead Sea.B. Venice.C. Italy.D. Great Barrier Reef.【答案】23. A 24. D 25. D【解析】【分析】本文介绍了三个水上奇观。一是：死海；二是：威尼斯；三是：大堡礁。文章介绍了它们消失的原因人类活动。【23题详解】推理判断题。根据Now the Dead Sea is actually dying. 现在死海真的要死了。由句子According to US-based magazine Architectural Digest, the city may disappear in the next 100 years. 据美国建筑文摘杂志报道，这座城市可能在未来100年内消失。以及句子The New York Times reported that large parts are already dead, and the reef system might be gone by 2030. 纽约时报报道说，大部分已经死亡，到2030年，珊瑚礁系统可能会消失。可知，本文介绍了这些景点正在逐步的消失，因此最好的题目应该Disappearing Watery Wonders消失的水上奇观！故选A。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据People are using water from the Jordan River, which takes water away from the Dead Sea. 人们正在使用约旦河的水，这条河将死海的水带走。由句子Now, with rising sea levels caused by human activities, it's sinking faster. 现在，随着人类活动引起的海平面上升，它下沉的速度越来越快。以及句子Human activities are changing the weather. Warming ocean, water kills the coral, and this causes problems up the food chain. 人类活动正在改变天气。海洋变暖，水杀死了珊瑚，这导致了食物链的问题。可知，这三个地方面临的问题的共同原因是因为人类活动造成的。故选D。25题详解】细节理解题。根据The New York Times reported that large parts are already dead, and the reef system might be gone by 2030. 纽约时报报道说，大部分已经死亡，到2030年，珊瑚礁系统可能会消失。可知，如果汤姆想在这些地方消失之前游览一下，而且在接下来的15年里他应该先去大堡礁。因为大堡礁将会在（2030-2019=11）11后消失，故选D。【点睛】用细节定位法来做细节理解题。细节理解题属直接解答性问题，是阅读理解题中最简单的一种，多数属中低难度的送分题。但由于中考所占的比例很大，应特别引起注意。事实和细节题的命题特点是：把某词语、某个句子或某具体事实用不同于原文的另一方式或句型表达，即同义改写。解答这类题的窍门是：A)注意掌握英语的多种表达法；B）正确分析词语在句中的作用；C）熟练运用英语的句型转换；D）读懂题干所提出的问题，并准确地找到文中涉及该问题的句子。做细节题具体方法与步骤如下：j 略读材料,大概了解原文，掌握中心或主旨。 k 按文章的体裁，作者写作的组织模式及有关的信息词，如for example，first，second等预测应该到何处寻找自己所需要的事实。 l 将自己精力放在寻找你所需要的细节上，快速通篇跳读，眼睛自左至右，自上而下呈Z形扫视，直到找到细节出处，待找到含细节句子时，放慢速度，仔细核对比较内容，直至找到答案。BThere is good news for students of vocational (职业的) colleges in China: the government has announced plans to develop modern vocational education. Premier Li Kegiang said the government should speed up the development of modern vocational education to meet the need for skilled workers and technicians (技术人员) in the job market. High school graduates and workers with no special training are encouraged to study in higher vocational colleges. Li said that the number of the new students in higher vocational colleges in China should go up by I million this year. This is the first time t