2022小学五年级英语语法知识点.docx
2022小学五年级英语语法知识点小学五年级英语语法一、Be动词用法be动词(am、is、are)+not、情态动词can+ not、助动词(do、does) + not如何将一个确定的陈述句改为否定句:1、看句中有无be动词,如有,干脆在be动词后+ not。2、看句中有无情态动词,如有,干脆在情态动词后+ not。3、如上述二者都没有,就应用助动词+ not。分四个步骤:(1)确定陈述句中原来是没有助动词的,要加上去,位置在主语(某人或某物)后,动词前。(2)确定助动词用do、does,依据句中动词,动词是原形的助动词就用do,动词是第三人称单数的助动词就用does,(3)在助动词后加not。(4)原句中动词假如发生改变就要复原成原形。强调一点,有some的要考虑是否要用any。二、一般疑问句如何将一个确定的陈述句改为一般疑问句:1、看句中有无be动词,如有,把be动词提到句首即可。2、看句中有无情态动词,如有,把情态动词提到句首即可。3、如上述二者都没有,就应把助动提到句首。分四个步骤:(1)确定陈述句中原来是没有助动词的,要加上去,位置在主语(某人或某物)后,动词前。(2)确定助动词用do还是does,依据句中动词,动词是原形的助动词就用do,动词是第三人称单数的助动词就用does(3)把助动词后提到句首。(4)原句中动词假如发生改变就要复原成原形。强调一点,有some的要考虑是否要用any。三、一般将来时表示将来将要发生的动作, 常常和tomorrow, next year, the day after tomorrow, the year after the next, in five hours time, etc. 表示将来的词联用。结构:主语+助动词will+动词原形I will go to America tomorrow.The pilot will fly to Japan the month after the next.Jack will move into his new house tomorrow morning.变疑问句将助动词移到句首Will you go to America tomorrowWill the pilot fly to Japan the month after the nextWill Jack move into his new house tomorrow morning变否定句在助动词后面加notI will not go to America tomorrow.The pilot will not fly to Japan the month after the next.Jack will not move into his new house tomorrow morning.确定回答及否定回答Yes, I will. / No, I will not.Yes, he/she will. / No, he/she will not.Yes, he will. / No, he will not.特别疑问句What will you do四、现在进行时表示现在正在进行的动作。构成: 主语+be动词+动词的现在分词+其它成分We are having lunch.He is reading a book.The dog is running after a cat.The boys are swimming across the river.变疑问句将be动词移到句首Are we having lunchIs he reading a bookIs the dog running after a catAre the boys swimming across the river变否定句在be动词后面加 notWe are not having lunch.He is not reading a book.The dog is not running after a cat.The boys are swimming across the river.特别疑问句:what, which, how, where, who, etc.疑问词+动词+主语+现在分词What are you doingWhat is she doingWhat is the dog doing没有进行时的动词(必背)表示状态,思想,感情和感觉的动词不能表示正在进行的动作1. 表示感觉,感官的词see, hear, like, love, want,2. have, has当拥有讲时没有进行时五、过去式表示过去发生的动作或事务, 常和表示过去的时间状语连用,如yesterday, last night, the day before yesterday, 3 days ago,含有be动词的句子, 将动词变为过去式,am, is的过去式为was,are的过去式为wereI was at the butchers.You were a student a year ago.The teacher was very beautiful ten years ago.变疑问句将be动词移动到句首Were you at the butchersWere you a student a year agoWas the teacher very beautiful ten years ago变否定句在be动词后面加notI was not at the butchers.You were not a student a year ago.The teacher was not very beautiful ten years ago.确定回答否定回答Yes, I was. No, I was not.Yes, you were. No, you were not.Yes, he/she was. No, he/she was not.特别疑问句:What did you do(必背)不含有be动词的句子,将动词变为过去式I finished my homework yesterday.The boy went to a restaurant.The Sawyers lived at King Street a year ago.变疑问句在句首加did, 动词变为原型Did you finish your homework yesterdayDid the boy go to a restaurantDid the Sawyers live at King Street a year ago变否定句在主语和动词之间加did notI did not finish my homework yesterday.The boy did not go to a restaurant.The Sawyers did not live at King Street a year ago.确定回答及否定回答Yes, I did. No, I didnt.Yes, he did. No, he didnt.Yes, they did. No, they did not.六、现在完成时构成:主语+助动词have, has+过去分词用法:2) 表示过去发生的和现在有某种联系的动作,常和just, usually, already, since等时间副词连用I have just had lunch. (饱了,不用再吃了)He has had a cup of tea.(不渴了,不用再喝)They have already had their holiday. (不能再度假了)The boy has already read the book. (已经知道书的内容了,不用再)3) 询问别人是否做过某事一般用现在完成时:Have you finished your homeworkHave you been to BeijingHave he seen the film4) 表示起先于过去并持续到现在的动作I have lived in Beijing for twenty years.I have worked for this school for 1 year.5) 表示一种经验,阅历:去过地方,做过事情,经验过事情I have never had a bath.I have never seen a film.I have never been to cinema.I have ever been to Paris.Have been to表示去过,have gone to 表示去了I have been to London.(人已经回来)He has gone to London.(人还在那里)6) 表示一种结果, 一般不和时间副词联用I have lost my pen.I have hurt myself.He has become a teacher.She has broken my heart.句型改变:变疑问句将助动词移到句首,变否定句在助动词后面加not.e.g. Have you lost your pen I have not lost my pen.确定回答及否定回答Yes, I have. No, I have not.特别疑问句:What have you doneWhat has he done一般过去时与现在完成时的区分:凡是有明确的表示过去的时间状语的句子为过去时留意:有些动词表示的动作有一个终点,不能再持续,因此不能和表示一段时间状语连用错:Ive left Beijing for 3 days.对:I left Beijing 3 days ago. I have been away from being for 3 days.七、过去完成时用法:在过去的时间里,两个动作中,发生在前的那个动作要用过去完成时。结构:had+过去分词After she had finished her homework, she went shopping.They had sold the car before I asked the price.The train had left before I arrived at the station.After/before引导的时间状语从句放在句首要在句子后面加逗号,假如放在主句后则不用加。1.变疑问句将助动词移到句首Had she finished her homework2. 变否定句在助动词后面加notShe hadnt finished her homework.3. 确定回答及否定回答Yes, she had. No, she hadnt.4.特别疑问句:What had she done小学五年级英语语法:特别疑问句的结构及用法1.特别疑问句由特别问词引导,不同的疑问词用来询问不同的对象。2.特别疑问句的句型是:特别疑问词+一般疑问句的句式,也就是疑问词系动词/助动词/情态动词主语其他成分。3.特别疑问句不能用Yes 或No 来回答,而要对所询问的对象有针对地回答。1)对指物的名词或谓语动词提出疑问,疑问词用what2)对名词前的定语提出疑问,疑问词应用which,而且必需和名词连用。3)对指人的名词或代词提问用who,作宾语时提问用whom。4)对物主代词和名词全部格提问用whose。5)对详细时间提出疑问,如 in the morning,last Sunday等,疑问词用when;对详细几点钟提问,疑问词应用what time。6)对详细地点提出疑问,疑问词应用where。7)对表缘由的从句提问,常见的有because引导的从句,疑问词应用why。8)对方式或程度等提出疑问,用疑问词How。9)对数量提出疑问,疑问词为How many,要留意how many必需跟名词的复数形式。10)对价格提出疑问,疑问词用How much。11)对时间长度提出疑问,疑问词应用How long。12)对时间频率,如 once a year, twice a week等提问,疑问词用How often。13)对详细次数,如 once, twice, three times等提问,疑问词用How many times。14)对in+一段时间提问,疑问词一般用How soon。15)对距离提出疑问,疑问词用How far。16)另外,对日期、星期、天气等提出疑问,则分别用Whats the date/ What day is it 假如是过去时间,就用was代替is。如:What was the weather like小学五年级上好小学英语复习课的方法一:抓基础 紧扣书本常言说:万变不离其中。书本包含了单词,对话,课文,Lets chant Lets sing 以及听力的 练习。考试试题不管是什么类型的,怎样改变都来源与书本。因此小学英语的复习应全面,抓基 础,应当紧扣书本。小学英语课本中的单词分黑体和白体。黑体是四会单词,在复习的时候学生不仅要会听说读 写,而且还要留意音标的拼法,字母及字母组合的常规发音和特别发音,对于特别的发音要强调, 以便做辨音题;而白体单词只要求学生会读能听懂;在复习单词的时候还要留意单词的词形的变 化,动词变第三人称单数 fly-flies 动词的现在分词 get-getting,形容词变副词 slow-slowly 写反义 词 right-wrong ugly-beautiful 只有四平八稳才能疏而不漏。英语教材中的对话和课文是教材的主体,是围绕话题而进行的交际活动。对话和阅读就好比 人体的血液,是教材的灵魂,在复习的时候要作为重点。词,重要句,短文学生不仅要会读,知 其义还要结合教材创建情景,让学生在读说练中有爱好的复习。依据小学生的心理特点和生理特 点,要充分利用教材资源,采纳多种教学方法,使学生在课堂上听说读写唱演,激励学生主动参 与,大胆表达,让学生在玩中学 Lets sing 和 Lets chant 从而调动学生的心情,从而做到有的放 矢。二:抓重点 系统概括复习小学英语教学要创建以活动课为主的教学模式。教学的重点是培育学生用语言进行沟通的能 力。小学英语教学不讲语法概念。小学低年级的语法很少,而小学高年级的英语语法学问许多。 如:否定句的改变,一般疑问句的构成,现在进行时,一般现在时,一般将来时,特别疑问句, 选择疑问句,形容词的比较级等。假如上纲上线的讲语法,学生就会一头雾水,我认为应抓重点, 系统概括的复习。如在复习五年级上册三,四,五,六课时,我就是这样做的。三四五六这四课讲的是现在进 行时 be+动词的现在分词。我先让学生读每一课的 Lets learn 内容,然后英汉互说,同时我把句 子写在黑板上,有陈述句(确定,否定)一般问句,答语,特别疑问句,再让学生细致视察。比 一比谁的眼睛最亮,我最爱发言方法,很快学生们明白了现在进行时的含义,陈述句的确定句是 怎样变否定句的,如何依据一般问句写答语,及特别疑问句的构成等。再进一步延长,让学生做 动作表达 I am singing. He is not drawing.Are they swimmingWhat is Lulu doing等学生在不知不 觉中全面地复习现在进行时的各种句式,并能进行对话,达到了举一反三的目的。三:促实效 精讲多练英语大纲中强调小学英语课讲求课堂实效性,全面提高学生的动手实力,培育学生用英语进 行沟通和做事情的实力,提高他们的思维实力和相识世界的实力。在上小学英语复习课时我主见 促实效精讲多练这样才能使教学受到事半功倍的效果。课堂上要精讲,讲重点,讲难点,讲 清学生一知半解的内容,同时还要让学生进行练习。我注意课堂练习,一课一练,一日一练,一 周一练,一月一练,但题量不大要求学生在限定的时间内去做。比一比谁做的最棒,学生的练习 分为学校练习和家庭练习各负其责,课堂上有老师负责,家庭作业有家长负责督促,而且家长签 字,有学习上的问题随时语老师联系和询问,如读单词,课文,坚持做到一日听录音十五分钟等, 学生在家的状况可随时与我联系,做到家校沟通,学生的主动性也调动起来了。四 :促动力 爱好先行目的产生动力。要想使小学生在复习时自觉主动地复习,必需爱好引导。我先给学生讲学英 语的好处和目的,让他们知道学好英语对他们的将来大有好处。让他们产生动力,目的不能太大, 可以是一句表扬的话,一朵小红花,也可以是一个确定的眼神。如在复习六年级的第十课时,讲的是形容词的比较级,而课文里出现了大量的动物,我就和 家长联系好。比一比谁课堂上听讲仔细,表现主动,而且课文内容学得好,家长带她去动物园, 这样以来学生的爱好来了,主动性很高,上课时听的兴致勃勃。形容词的比较级 strong-stronger big-bigger heavy-heavies 三种形式的改变学生驾驭的很好,再用动物图片让学生练习 Which is taller,the giraffe or the elephant The giraffe is taller than the elephant.学生课堂上热忱高涨,踊跃回 答,下课时检测学生都会了。学而不思则罔,思而不学则殆。温故而知新,可以为师矣。复习就是温故的过程,上好 小学英语复习课的方法各种各样,因人而异。无论是李世虬的开心教学法,还是马承的简笔画形 象教学法,还是张思中的循环教学法,都不能完全拿来就用。我们做一线老师的英语老师,肯定 要因地制宜,因材施教,培优补差。只有这样才能搞好英语的复习,才能将语音,词汇,语法, 阅读的规律交给我们的学生,使他们逐步驾驭学习的规律,懂得学习的策略和方法,能独立自主 的学习和复习,使学生终身受益。本文来源:网络收集与整理,如有侵权,请联系作者删除,谢谢!第17页 共17页第 17 页 共 17 页第 17 页 共 17 页第 17 页 共 17 页第 17 页 共 17 页第 17 页 共 17 页第 17 页 共 17 页第 17 页 共 17 页第 17 页 共 17 页第 17 页 共 17 页第 17 页 共 17 页