2022年八年级新目标英语重点短语及句型总汇原版2 .pdf

学习好资料欢迎下载新目标八年级下重点短语及句型Unit 1 Will people have robots? 1.fewer people 更少的人（fewer修饰名词复数，表示否定）2.less free time 更少的空闲时间（less修饰不可数名词， 表示否定）3.in ten years 10 年后（in的时间短语用于将来时， 提问用How soon）4.fall in love with爱上 例： When I met Mr. Xu for the first time, I fell in love with him at once 当我第一次见到许老师，我立刻爱上他5.live alone 单独居住6.feel lonely 感到孤独（比较：live alone/go along等）The girl walked alone along the street, but she didnt feel lonely那女孩独自沿着街道走，但她并不感到孤独7.keep/feed a pet pig 养一头宠物猪8.fly to the moon 飞上月球9.hundreds of +复数数百 /几百（概数，类似还有thousands of; millions of）10.the same as 和 相同11.A be different from B A 与 B 不同 (=There is a difference/Thgere are differences between A and B) 12.wake up 醒来（ wake sb. up 表示 “ 唤醒某人 ” 13.get bored 变得厌倦（get/become是连系动词，后跟形容词如tired/angry/excited等）14.go skating去滑冰（类似还有go hiking/fishing /skating/bike riding等）15.lots of/a lot of 许多（修饰可数名词、不可数名词都可以）16.at the weekends 在周末17.study at home on computers 在家通过电脑学习18.agree with sb. 同意某人 (的意见 ) 19.I don t agree. = I disagree.我不同意20.on a piece of paper 在一张纸上（注意paper/information/news/work/homework/housework等常考到的不可数名词）21.on vacation 度假22.help sb with sth/help sb do sth 帮助某人做某事23.many different kinds of goldfish 许多不同种金鱼24.live in an apartment 住在公寓里25.live on the twelfth floor 住在 12 楼精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 24 页 - - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料欢迎下载26.as a reporter 作为一名记者27.look smart 显得精神 /看起来聪明28.Are you kidding? 你在骗我吗29.in the future 在将来 /在未来30.no more=not anymore不再（强调多次发生的动作不再发生）31.no longer=not any longer不再（强调状态不再发生）32.besides （除 之外还，包括）与except =but（除之外，不包括）33.be able to 与 can 能、会（be able to 用于各种时态， 而 can 只能用于一般现在时态和一般过去时态中； have to 用于各种时态，而must 只能用于一般现在时态）例如：1.I have been able to/will be able to speak two languages. （不可以用can）2. had to stay at home/ will have to （不可以用must）34. be big and crowded 大而且拥挤34.be in college 在上大学35.live on a space station 住在空间站36.dress casually 穿得很随意casual clothing 休闲服饰37.win the next World Cup 赢得世界杯win award 获僵e true 变成现实39.take hundreds of years 花几百年的时间40.over and over again 一次又一次41.be in different shapes 形状不同42.twenty years from now 今后 20 年43.本单元目标句型：1.What do you think life will be like in 1000 years? 2.There will be fewer trees、more buildings and lesspollution in the future. fewer； less 表示否定之意，分别修饰可数名词和不可数名词；more二者都可以修饰。3.Will kids go to school? No, they won t/Yes, they will。4.Predicting the future can be difficult. 5.I need to look smart for my job interview. 6.I will be able to dress more casually. 7.I think Ill go to Hong Kong on vacation, and one d ay I might even visit Australia. 8.What will teenagers do for fun twenty years from now? 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 24 页 - - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料欢迎下载9.That may not seem possible now, but computers, space rockets and even electric toothbrushes seemed impossible a hundred years ago. 本单元语法讲解一般将来时表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态。本时态标志词：1.含 tomorrow; next 短语； 2.in+段时间；3.how soon；4.by+将来时间；5.by the time sb.do6.祈使句句型中：or/and sb. will do 7.在时间 /条件状语从句中, 如果从句用一般现在时, 主句用将来时8.another day 比较 be going to 与 will: be going to 表示近期、 眼下就要发生的事情，will 表示的将来时间则较远一些。如：He is going to write a letter tonight. He will write a book one day. 2. be going to 表示根据主观判断将来肯定发生的事情，will 表示客观上将来势必发生的事情。He is seriously ill. He is going to die. He will be twenty years old. 3. be going to 含有 “ 计划，准备 ” 的意思，而will 则没有这个意思，如：She is going to lend us her book. He will be here in half an hour. 4.在有条件从句的主句中，一般不用be going to, 而多用 will, 如：If any beasts comes at you, Ill stay with you and help you. 掌握了它们的这些不同，你就能很好的区分be going to与 will 了。一般将来时常见的标志词1.含 tomorrow; next 短语；2.in+段时间；3.how soon；4. by+将来时间；5.祈使句句型中：or/and sb. will do 例 Be quick, or you will be late=If you dont be quick, you will be late6.在时间 /条件状语从句中, 如果从句用一般现在时, 主句用将来时（另见Unit 5 ）Unit 2 What should I do? 1.too loud 太大声2.out of style 过时的3.in style 流行的4.call sb up=ring sb.up=call/ring/phone sb. 给 .打电话5.enough money 足够的钱 (enough修饰名词时不必后置)6.busy enough 够忙(enough修饰形容词或副词时必须后置) 7.a ticket to/for a ball game 一张球赛的门票8.talk about 谈论9.on the phone 用电话精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 24 页 - - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料欢迎下载10.pay for 付款11.spend on +sth.=spend.( in) doing sth. 在花钱12.It takes sb. sometime to do sth. 某人做某事花的时间13.borrow from从. 借( 借进来 ) 14.lend to 把借给（借出去）15.You can keep the book for a week 你可以借这本书一周。（不用borrow或lend）16.buy sth for sb 为 买东西17.tell sb to do /not to do sth.sth 告诉某人做某事18.want sb. to do sth.=would like sb. to do 想某人做某事19.find out 发现；查清楚；弄明白20.play one s stereo放录象21.fail the test=not pass the test 考试不及格22.fail in (doing) sth在.上失败 ,变弱23.succeed in (doing) sth 在.方面成功24.write sb a letter/write to sb.给某人写信25.surprise sb.使某人吃惊26.to one s surprise 使某人吃惊的是 .27.to one s joy使某人高兴的是 .28.look for a part-time job 找一份兼职的工作（不一定有结果）29.get/find a part-time job 找到一份兼职的工作（有结果）30.ask sb. for寻求 /向某人要某物31.have a bake sale 卖烧烤32.argue with sb = have an argument with sb. 与某人争吵33.have a fight with sb.=fight with 与某人打架34.prepare for=get ready for 为做准备35.after-school clubs(activities) 课外俱乐部（活动）36.fill up填补；装满 be full of 装满37.return sth. to sb.=give sth. back to sb. 把某物归还给某人38.get on /along well with 与 相处很好39.all kinds of 各种各样40.as much as possible=as much as you can 尽可能多41.take part in=join in 参加（某种活动/集会）42.a bit =a little 一点儿（当修饰形容词或比较级时）43.a bit of =a little 一点儿 /一些（当修饰不可数名词时）44.be angry with 生的气45.by oneself=on ones own某人自己 /独自地精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 24 页 - - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料欢迎下载46.on the one hand 一方面47.on the other hand 另一方面48.I find/feel/think it difficult to do. 我发现 /感到/认为做某事很难. 49.see sb. doing sth. 看到某人正在做50.not until 直到 才51.表示某人情绪有关的形容词用法: be/become+ upset/tired/excited/interested/worried/surprised/amazed/annoyed 说明：当主语是某人时，注意后面的形容词一般是-ed 结尾的单词，而当主语是某物时或修饰名词时，注意后面形容词一般是-ing 结尾单词 . 即指人， ed 用指物用ing）例如:I was surprised/interested/amazed when I heard the surprising/interesting/amazing news. 53 radio advice program 电台提建议的节目54 be original 新颖的55. leave something somewhere 把某物忘在某处56 sports clothes 运动服57. the same age as=as old as 和- 年龄一样58. the tired children 疲惫不堪的孩子59. complain about (doing sth) 抱怨、 、60.take their children from activity to activity 带着孩子参加一个接一个的活动61.try to do sth, 尽量干某事try doing sth 试着干某事62.be under too much pressure 压力太大64.take part in after-school clubs 参加课后俱乐部pepition starts from a very young age 竞争从很小年纪就开始了pare with 和-比较67.organized activities 有组织的活动本单元目标句型：1.What s wrong(with you)?/Whats the matter?2.What should I do? 我该怎么办3.You should say sorry to him.你应该给他道歉. 4.They shouldn t argue.他们不应该争吵.5.Why don t you talk to him about it?=Why not talk to him about it?=You should/could talk to him about it. =What/How about talking to him about it.=Youd better talk to him about it. 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 24 页 - - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料欢迎下载6.People shouldnt push their children so hard. 7.Unit 3 What were you doing when the UFO arrived? 1.in front of 在 的前面（外部） in the front of 在 的前面（内部）2.in the library 在图书馆3.get out of/get into 出 之外 /进入4.sleep late 睡懒觉sleep well 睡得好get to sleep=fall asleep 睡着5.walk down/along 沿 走6.take off (飞机 )起飞；脱下（衣帽）7.on Sunday evening 在星期日晚上注意:（特指某日如星期、假日、某月某日或某个特定的上、下午、晚上用 on）8.in the tree 在树上on the tree 在树上9.take photos 照相10.at the train station 在火车站11.run away 跑开，逃跑12.as+adj 原形 + as 和一样 例如：She is (not) as beautiful as her sister. I can run as fast as he(him) 13.in history 在历史上14.for example 例如15.in the city of 在 市16.on the playground 在操场上17.ten minutes ago 十分钟前18.take place 发生（强调必然性）19.happen to sth./sb. 发生（强调偶然性）all over the world=around the world 遍及全世界20.outside/inside the station 在车站外 /内21.next to 相邻，紧贴22.close to 接近于；在附近23.be ill in hospital/bed 生病住院 /在床24.hear about/of 听说（间接听到）25.in silence 沉默不语keep silent 保持沉默26.an unusual experience 一次不寻常的经历27.have fun doing sth 干某事有乐趣have difficult time doing sth 干某事有困难精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 24 页 - - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料欢迎下载28.a national hero 一个民族英雄35. be famous all over the world 全世界出名36. for the first time 第一次本单元目标句型: What were you doing when I arrived/at that time/at 8:00 last night/from 9:00 to 10:00 yesterday? 1.I was doing sth. When+一般过去时的时间状语从句.2.How about. / What about.? 3.While sth./sb. was doing sth., I was doing sth. 4.当不明飞行物着陆时，你正在干啥？What were you doing when the UFO landed? 5.当妈妈正在做饭时，我在看电视。 While my mother was cooking ,I was watching TV. 6.I was walking down the street when a UFO landed right in front of me. 7.You can image how strange it was. 8.I followed to see where it was going. 9.Isn t that amazing! 10.She didn t thinking about looking outside the station.11.I was so tired this morning. It was difficult to get out of the bed. 12.Liu Xiang won the gold medal at the 2004 Olympics. 13.Beijng was made host to the 2008 Olympics. 14.People often remember what they were doing when they heard the news of important events in history. 15. This was one of the most important events in modern American history. 16.Even the most everyday activities can seem important. 17.Our teacher asked us to stop what we were doing and listen. 18.However, in more recent times, most Americans remember what they were doing when the World Trade Center in New York was destroyed by terrorists. 19.Not all events in history are as terrible as this, of course. 20. His flight around the Earth lasted about 22 hours. 本单元语法讲解过去进行时（ Past Progressive Tense ）句型S + was/were +V- ing例 A： She was doing her homework at 8:30 yesterday evening. （昨天傍晚八点半她正在做家庭作业。）精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 24 页 - - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料欢迎下载例 B：We were having supper at that time. （那个时候我们正在吃晚饭。）Unit 4 He said I was hard-working 1.every Saturday 每周六2.first of all 首先3.both and两者都（谓语动词要注意对称原则）4.neither.nor 两者都不（谓语动词要注意就近和对称原则）5.most of 绝大多数6.an exciting week 令人兴奋的一周7.agree to do sth. 答应 /同意做 8.pass on (to)传递9.be supposed to do sth.被期望或被要求做. . 10.be mad at 对 疯狂 /生气11.do better in=be better at 在.方面做得更好12.be in good health 身体健康13.report card 成绩单14.sound /feel /smell /taste /look 是连系动词，一般只能跟adj.做表语15.sound like/feel like/smell like/taste like/look like 听 起来 像 / 感 觉像/ 闻起来像 / 尝起来像 / 看起来像 +sb./sth.16.get over克服；恢复；原谅17.open up 打开 /展开 /开发 /揭露18.care for照料；照顾；意愿；计较19.have a(surprise) party for sb.为某人举行一次（惊喜）聚会20.end-of-year exam=final exam 期末考试21.not-anymore 不再be surprisedhappyexcited to do sth 做某事感到惊讶、高兴、激动22.be get nervous 感到紧张23.have a very hard time with. 在-日子不好过精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 8 页，共 24 页 - - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料欢迎下载take leave a message 捎（留）个口信24.have a big fight 大打一架25.feel lucky 感到幸运26.people who need help 需要帮助的人27.something we can do for them 我们能为他们做的事28.there is no difference betweenand. 在。 。和。之间没有区别29.Groups and the work they do Groups The work they do Greenpeace Cares for Mother Earth”Doctors Without Borders Helps sick people in poor countries UNICEF Helps children in poor countries WWF Cares for wild animals in danger 37.the Hope Project 希望工程本单元目标句型：转述他人话语:What did sb. say? He said I She said she They said1.许老师告诉我徐梦蝶会说二种语言。Mr. Xu told me that XuMengdie could speak three languages. 2.许老师说地球绕着太阳转。Mr. Xu said (that)the earth turns around the sun. 3.许老师告诉我他将去北京。She told me he would go to Beijing the next day. 4.许 老师 说 欧 洋 正 在 做 作 业 Mr. Xu said OuYang was doing his homework at that time. 5.许老师说王硕研勤奋。Mr. Xu said Wang Shuoyan was hard-working. 6.在英语上， 与听相比， 我更擅长于读。 In English, Im better at reading than listening. 7.情况怎样？How s it going? 8.她不想再当我最好的朋友了。 She didn t want to be my best friend anymore. 9.I said it would start a bad habit , and that she would do her own work. 10.That s about all the news I have now. Mum and Dad send their love. 11.She said helping others changed her life. 12.Teaching high school students in a poor mountain village in Gansu Province may not like fun to you. 13.The Peking University graduate first went there as an volunteer on a one-year program. 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 9 页，共 24 页 - - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料欢迎下载14.Life in the mountains was a new experience for Lang Lei. Her village was 2,000metere above the sea level, and at first the thin air made her feel sick. 15.Young people today need to experience different things 16.Some of the students may not be able to go to senior high school or collage. 17.I can open up my students eyes to the outside world and give them a good start in life. 18.She said she likes being a good influence in the childrens lives.19.She now works as a math teacher at a high school in the city of Pingliang, Gansu Province. 20.You are at Bs house working on a homework project.21.You were supposed to meet at the bus stop this morning to return it, but A didnt come to the bus stop.22.What are some things that happen on soap operas? 本单元语法讲解直接引语和间接引语（一）直接引述别人的原话，叫做直接引语；用自己话转述别人的话，叫做间接引语。间接引语一般构成宾语从句。直接引语必须放在引号内，间接引语则不用引号。直接引语改为间接引语时，除将引语部分变成宾语从句外，还必须对直接引语中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等进行改变。1. 时态的变化：直接引语变为间接引语时，通常受转述动词said，asked等的影响而使用过去化的时态，即把原来的时态向过去推，也就是一般现在时变一般过去时，现在进行时变为过去进行时等。例如：Tom said to me, “My brother is doing his homework.” Tom said to me that his brother was doing his homework. 2. 人称代词、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等等的变化；根据意义进行相应的变化。如：She asked Jack,“Where have you been? ” She asked Jack where he had been. He said, “These books are mine. ” He said that those books were his. （二）直接引语改为间接引语时，都使用陈述语序，但是因为原句的句式不同，所以变成间接引语时所用的连词会有所不同。1.陈述句的间接引语：陈述句由直接引语变间接引语，由that引导，可以省略。“I want the blue one.” he told us. “ 我想要兰色的。” 他精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 10 页，共 24 页 - - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料欢迎下载说。He told us that he wanted the blue one.他说他想要兰色的。She said to me, “You cant do anything now. ” 她对我说：“ 此刻你无法做任何事情。” She told me that I couldnt do anything then.她 对 我 说 那 时 我无法做任何事。2. 疑问句的间接引语直接引语如果是疑问句，变成间接引语后，叫做间接疑问句。间接疑问句为陈述语序，句末用句号，动词时态等的变化与间接陈述句相同。引述动词常用ask, wonder, want to know 等间接疑问句一般有三种：(1) 一般疑问句由直接引语变为间接引语时，由 whether 或 if 引导。 如：“Has he ever worked in Shanghai? ”Jim asked. “ 他在上海工作过吗？”吉姆问。Jim asked whether/if he had ever worked in Shanghai.吉姆问他是否在上海工作过。“Can you tell me the way to the hospital?” The old man asked. 那个老人问：“ 你能告诉我去医院的路吗？The old man asked whether I could tel l him the way to the hospital. 那老人问我是否能告诉他去医院路。(2). 特殊疑问句由直接引语变为间接引语时，仍由原来的疑问词引导。如：“Which room do you live in?” He asked. “你住哪个房间？”他问我。He asked me which room I lived in. 他 问 我 住 哪 个 房间。“What do you think of the film?” She asked. 她问 “ 你怎么看这部电影？” She asked her friend what she thought of the film. 她问她朋友怎么看这部电影。(3). 选择疑问句由直接引语变为间接引语时，由 whether/if or引导。 如：“ Is it your bike or Toms? Mum asked.妈妈问： “ 这是你的自行车还是汤姆的？” Mum asked whether/if it was my bike or Toms.妈妈问这是我的自行车还是汤姆的。“ Does your sister like blue dresses or green ones?” Kate asked.“ 你妹妹喜欢兰色的裙子还是绿色的？” 凯特问。Kate asked whether/if my sister liked blue dresses or green ones.精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 11 页，共 24 页 - - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料欢迎下载凯特问我妹妹喜欢兰色裙子还是绿色的。3. 祈使句的间接引语当祈使句变为间接引语时，间接祈使句的引述动词常用 tell，ask，order，beg，request，order 等，而把直接祈使句变成带to的不定式短语。如：Jack said, “Please come