海员试题货运.docx

第七章：货运7.1 重量和容积性能 881. Reserve buoyancy is the _. A. unoccupied space below the waterline B. volume of intact space above the waterline C. excess of the buoyant force over the gravity force D. difference in the buoyant force in salt and fresh waters 答案：【B】储备浮力是水线以上的完整空间的容积。882. Keeping the draft at or below the load line mark will insure that the vessel has adequate _ A. ballast B. reserve buoyancy C. displacement D. rolling periods rolling periods：横摇周期；ballast：压载 答案：【B】保证吃水位于载重线标志及以下将确保船舶有足够的储备浮力。883. _ indicates the weight of the vessel and is, therefore, according to a well known principle of physics, equal to the weight of the water it displaced. A. gross tonnage B. Net tonnage C. Displacement tonnage D. Deadweight tonnage 答案：【C】排水吨位表示船舶重量，并且，根据一众所周知的物理定律，等于船舶排掉的水的重量。884. If the buoyant force on a ship's hull is equal to the displacement tonnage，the ship will _. A. require ballast B. be down by the head C. sink D. float 答案：【D】如果船体浮力等于排水量吨，则船舶将漂浮在水面。885. is not ordinarily applied to passenger or to combination passenger and freight ships. A. Displacement tonnage B. Deadweight tonnage C. Registered tonnage D. Gross tonnage 答案：【B】载重吨一般不适用于客船或客货混装船。886. The difference between the displacement “light” and the displacement “loaded” indicates . A. maximum carrying capacity C. maximum displacing capacity B. maximum cargo capacity C. maximum reserving capacity 答案：【A】“空载”和“满载”排水量之间的差表示船舶的最大装载能力。887. From found. the information concerning the tons per centimeter immersion of a vessel shall be usually A. variation curve B. dead weight scale C. table of azimuth D. freeboard assignment 答案: 【B】根据载重量标尺，可以得到关于船舶每厘米吃水吨数的信息。888. Right at the top is _.It is 300mm long and 25mm wide with its upper edge in line with the uppermost continuous watertight deck A. the deck line. 答案：【A】在顶部是甲板线，它长 300 毫米，宽 25 毫米，其上边缘与最上层连续水密甲板成一条线。889. A horizontal line 450mm long and 25mm wide cuts through the loadline disc. It is called the B. Plimsoll disc C. Plimsoll line D. Summer load line . A. plimsoll disc 载重线圈 C. the deck line 甲板线 B. plimsoll line 载重线 D. summer load line 夏季载重线 答案：【B】长度为 450mm，宽度为 25mm，穿过载重线圈中心的水平横线叫做载重线 890. Freeboard is measured from the upper edge of the_.A. bulwark B. deck line C. gunwale bar D. sheer strake upper edge：上边缘；deck line：甲板线；bulwark:舷墙；bulkhead：舱壁；gunwale bar：舷边栏杆；sheer strake：舷弧列板 答案：【B】干舷从甲板线的上边缘起量。891. The maximum draft to which a vessel can legally be submerged is indicated by the_.A. load line mark B. certificate of inspectionC. station bill D. Tonnage mark 答案：【A】船舶可以浸没的最大吃水通过载重线标志标示出来。892. Which is the summer load waterline on the load waterline mark?_A. The first line at the bottom B. The second line from the bottom D. The fourth line from the bottomC. The third line from the bottom 答案：【C】载重线标志上哪一个是夏季载重线？从下往上数第三根线。893. Which is the winter load waterline on the load waterline mark?_ A. The line over the summer load waterline B. The line above the tropical load waterline C. The line below the tropical load waterline D. The line between the summer and the winter North Atlantic load waterline 答案：【D】夏季载重线与北大西洋冬季载重线之间是冬季载重线。894. When a ship is in tropical zone and in seawater of density 1.025, she must not load to more than the upper edge of the line marked A. S B. T C. W D. F 答案：【B】当船舶在热带地区，海水密度为 1.025 时，船舶装货不可以超过标有字母 T 的线条的上边缘。895. The actual amount of cargo loaded depends upon_ A. The broken stowage listed B. The broken stowage calculated C. The broken stowage given D. The actual broken stowage 答案：【D】实际装载的货物量取决于实际亏舱量。896. Broken stowage must be reduced to_A. the minimum B. to little amount D. to great amountC. the maximum 答案：【A】亏仓必须被降到最低。897. If a void occurs in the cargo hold, it is better to_ to control the broken stowage.A. brace it with dunnage B. cover it with large piecesC. fill it with small pieces  D. leave it as it is 答案：【C】如果货舱有空隙，为控制亏仓，最好用小件货去填充空隙。898. Filler cargo refers to _. A. durable packages B. small pieces C. the cargo in which the voids appearD. the cargo suitable for stowage in void spacesFiller cargo：填充货；void 空隙 durable packages；耐用的包装 答案：【D】填充货指的是可以装在其他货物装船后所形成的空隙中的货 7.2 船舶强度 899. _ on still water indicates how loading weight distribution affects on longitudinal strength. A. Bending moment B. Local strength C. Shear force D. Displacement 答案：【A】静水弯矩表明了装载重量的分布如何影响船舶的纵向强度。900. The shearing stresses on a ship's structure are usually greatest at _. A. the bow B. the stern C. midships D. the ship's quarter-length points 答案：【D】作用于船舶结构上的剪力通常在船长四分之一处上最大。distribution of weight affects the hogging, sagging, and bending stresses of the vessel. A. transverse B. longitudinal C. vertical D. diagonal 斜向 答案：【B】重量的纵向分布影响船舶中拱、中垂以及弯曲应力。indicate that the vertical deflection of a ships hull, in longitudinal direction, where the hull midships is bent upwardsA. Shearing 答案：【C】 中拱表示船体纵向方向上的垂直挠曲，在这种情况下，船中部向上弯曲。903. When a vessel is stationary and in a hogging condition, the main deck is under_。A. compression stress B. Tension stress C. Shear stress D. Racking stress B. Sagging C. Hogging D. Buckling答案：【B】船舶静止并处于中拱条件下，主甲板受张应力的作用。904. Which of the following weight concentration will cause a vessels bottom to be subject to tension stresses? A. Aft B. Amidships C. At both endsD. Forward 答案：【B】下列哪种重量的集中情况会造成船底遭受张应力。905. When dose a bulk carrier experience extreme tension in bottom structure during fast rate loading? A. During ballasting in port B. During loading of heavy cargo in mid-ship holdsC. During correct loading pattern, but with heavy cargo D. During loading light cargo in end holds 答案：【B】在快速装货期间，什么时候散货船船底结构经受极大的张力？在船中货舱装载重大货件期间 906. The forward draft of your ship draft is 2711” and the after is 2903”. The draft amidship is 2805”. Your vessel is _. A. Hogged B. Sagged C. Listed D. Trimmed by the head 答案：【A】本题船舶首尾平均吃水 28 英尺 7 英寸，大于船中实际吃水 28 英尺 5 英寸，故船舶中拱。907. A ship's forward draft is 2204"and its after draft is 2300". The draft amidships is 2304". This indicates a concentration of weight_. A. at the bow B. in the lower holds C. amidships D. at the ends 答案：【C】本题船中吃水大于首尾平均吃水，船舶发生中垂，即重量集中于船中。908. Numerous researches have determined that the biggest wave load appears when a wave length is the ships length. A. greatly larger than B. much smaller than C. approximately equal toD. not related to 答案：【C】大量的研究已表明当波长大致等于船长时，出现最大波浪载荷。909. What is the difference between static and dynamic forces on a ship hull? A. The former is set up by cargo and sea while the latter by wave action B. The former is acting during loading and from wave action while the latter before and after the ship has been loaded C. The former is set up by cargo while the latter by wave action D. I dont know 答案：【A】船体所受的静态和动态里力的不同点是什么？前者由货物和海水形成而后者由波浪造成。7.3 船舶稳性 910. Buoyancy is a measure of the ship's_A. ability to float B. deadweight C. freeboard D. midships strength Buoyancy ：浮力；midships strength：船中强度 答案：【A】浮力是用来衡量船舶漂浮能力的。911. _water is the water in the tank to keep the ships stability. A. Bilge B. Ballast C. Slop D. Sanitary 答案：【B】压载水是液仓内用来保持船舶稳性的水。912. The mean draft of a ship is the draft _ A. midway between the forward and aft draft marks B. at the center of flotation C. at the load line D. at the center of buoyancy 答案：【B】船舶平均吃水是漂心处的吃水 913. For a floating vessel, true mean draft is always the _.A. average of the observed drafts B. draft at the center of flotation C. draft corresponding to the calculated displacement D. mean of the calculated drafts答案：【B】对于漂浮的船舶来说真正的平均吃水是漂心处的吃水。914. For an upright vessel, draft is the vertical distance between the keel and the _. A. waterline B. freeboard deck C. plimsoll mark D. amidships section Upright：正浮；keel ：龙骨 freeboard deck：干舷甲板；plimsoll mark ：载重线标志；amidships section：船中剖面 答案：【A】对一艘正浮的船舶来说，吃水是龙骨和吃水线的垂直距离。915. A ship lists and trims about the A. center of gravity B. center of buoyancy C. center of flotation D. centroid of the underwater volume 答案：【C】船舶围绕漂心横倾和纵倾 916. After transferring a weight forward on a vessel, the draft at the center of flotation will _ A. change, depending on the location of the LCG B. increase C. decrease D. remain constant 答案：【D】在船上将货物向前移动之后，漂心处吃水保持不变。917. A vessel is listed when it is A. down by the headB. down by the stern C. inclined due to off-center weight D. inclined due to wind 答案：【C】横倾是当船舶由于重量偏离中心发生的倾斜 918. Assuming an even transverse distribution of weight in a vessel, which condition could cause a list ?_. A. Empty double-bottoms and lower holds, and a heavy deck cargo B. Flooding the forepeak to correct the vessels trim C. Having KG smaller than KM D. Having a small positive righting arm Even：平均的；transverse：横向的；distribution：分布righting arm：扶正力臂 答案：【A】假定重量横向均匀分布，那种情况会引起横倾？重量横向均匀分布时，只有当重心在稳心的上方也就是 GM 为负时(即 KG 大于 KM) 才会发生横倾。原因是 GM 为负时船舶受外力(风、流) 作用发生横倾后重力和浮力组成倾覆力矩，此力矩使船舶继 续倾斜。如果 GM 为正，船舶受外力作用发生横倾后重力和浮力组成稳性力矩，此力矩能使船舶恢复 到初始平衡位置。四个选项中只有 A 双层底和底舱为空、甲板货为重货的情况下 GM 为负值 919. If a vessel lists to port, the center of buoyancy will _. A. move to port B. move to starboard C. move directly down D. stay in the same position 答案：【A】如果船左倾，浮心会向左移动。920. Foreman, the ship _ , please get the stevedores to fill the port wings with heavier packages. A. lists to starboard B. is shifting to starboard C. is inclined to starboard D. is listing to starboard答案：【D】工头，船舶正在右倾，请叫工人用重件货填充船舶左翼。921. The ship is now too much listing to portside. I suggest that you _ light cargo on portside and heavy cargo on starboard side.A. will put B. would put C. put D. shall put 答案：【C】船舶现在左倾太严重，我建议你应该将轻货装在左舷，重货装在右舷。922. Where is the draft largest when the ship has an aft trim?  A. Forward B. Aft C. MidshipsD. The drafts are equal all over the ship 答案：【B】当船舶尾倾时最大吃水在哪里？船尾923. The difference between the initial trim and the trim after loading is known as _. A. trim B. change of trimC. final trim D. change of draft 答案：【B】初始吃水差(initial trim) 和装货后的吃水差(trim after loading) 之差称为吃水差改变量。924. Metacentric height is a measure of _.A. initial stability only B. stability through all angles C. maximum righting arm stability throughD. All of the above all angles：所有角度稳性 maximum righting arm：最大复原力臂 答案：【A】初稳性指的是小倾角稳性 925. Initial stability is indicated by_. A. GM B. KM C. deck load D. maximum allowed KG initial stability：初稳性(船舶做小角度倾斜时的稳性) ；初稳性高度是衡量初稳性大小的基本标志 答案：【A】 926. A vessel is tender if cargo weight is_. A. concentrated high and the double bottoms empty B. Concentrated low and the double bottoms empty C. Evenly distributed vertically with the double bottoms full D. Concentrated and with the double bottoms full 答案：【A】如果货物重量集中于高处，而双层底舱空，船舶稳性小。927. Which statement is true of a tender vessel? A. it has a large GM B. its period of roll is longC. it has a very low center of gravity D. it has a good transverse stability答案：【B】有关稳性小的船舶的描述正确的是：横摇周期长 928. A vessel with a small GM will_.A. have a large amplitude of roll B. Provide a comfortable ride for the crew and passengers C. Have drier decks in heavy weather D. Be likely to have cargo shift in heavy weather 答案：【A】初稳性高度值小的船舶横摇幅度大929. The time required to incline from port to starboard and back to port again is called_. A. initial stability B. Range of stability C. Inclining moment D. Rolling period答案：【D】从左向右倾斜，然后再回到左所需的时间称为横摇周期。930. When the wave period and the apparent rolling period are the same A. synchronous rolling occurs B. roll period decreases C. roll period increases D. roll amplitude is dampened 答案：【A】当波浪周期和船舶横摇周期相同时，出现同步横摇。931. If the metacentric height is large, a floating vessel will _.A. be tender B. have a slow and easy motion C. be stiff D. have a tendency to yaw metacentric height：初稳性高度；stiff：稳性大的；tender：稳性小的；tendency：趋势 yaw：偏荡 GM 值大即船舶的稳性大，船舶横摇的比较快，即横摇周期比较短；GM 值小则船舶的稳性小。船舶横摇的比较慢，即横摇周期比较长 答案：【C】932. Which statement is TRUE of a stiff vessel? A. She will have an unusually high center of gravity .B. She will have a large metacentric height.C. She will pitch heavily. D. Her period of roll will be large due to her large metacentric height. 答案：【B】有关稳性大的船舶的描述正确的是：有一个大的初稳性高度。933. A vessel with a large GM will _. A. have more resistance to listing in case of damage B. have less tendency to have synchronous rolling C. be less likely to have cargo shiftD. ride more comfortably 答案：【A】初稳性高度大的船舶一旦破损对横倾的抑制作用更大。934. Unstable equilibrium exists at small angles of inclination when A. G is above M B. G is off the centerline D. B is above GC. B is off the centerline 答案：【A】当重心位于稳心上面，小角度倾斜时存在不稳定平衡。935. The original equilibrium position is stable when A. metacentric height is positive B. metacentric radius is positive C. KG exceeds maximum allowable limits D. free surfaces are excessive 答案: 【A】当初稳性高度值为正时，初始平衡位置是稳定的。936. A semisubmersible 半潜式的船舶 which will not remain upright and will assume a list either to port or starboard is likely to have _.  A. a large TCG B. a negative GM C. excessive ballast D. insufficient deck load 答案：【B】半潜式船舶不再保持正浮而呈现出向左或右横倾可能是有一个负的初稳性高度。937. In order to determine the trimming arm for your vessel at any particular draft，which of the following would you compare？_.A. Longitudinal center of buoyancy and longitudinal center of gravity. B. Longitudinal center of floatation and longitudinal center of gravity. C. Longitudinal center of floatation and longitudinal center of buoyancy. D. Longitudinal tipping center and longitudinal center of gravity 答案：【A】为确定船舶在任一吃水下的纵倾力臂，你应该比较：浮心的纵向位置和重心的纵向位置。938. Deballasting a double bottom has what affect on KG? _. A. KG is increased. B. KG is decreased. C. KG is not affected D. KG increases at light drafts and decreases at deep drafts. Deballast：排压载。答案：【A】排掉双层底的压载水会使船舶重心升高，从而使 KG 变大。939. Reducing the liquid free surfaces in a vessel reduces the_.A. roll period B. metacentric height C. waterplane area D. vessel's draft答案：【A】减少自由液面将减少横摇周期 940. Which is an advantage of using watertight longitudinal divisions in double bottom tanks? A. Cuts down free surface effect B. Increases the rolling period C. Decreases weight because extra stiffeners are unneeded D. Lowers the center of buoyancy without decreasing GM 答案：【A】双层底使用纵向水密分割的优点是：减少自由液面影响941. Bottom stowage on board a ship is u