高中英语语法同位语从句共25张课件.pptx
同位语从句同位语从句Grammar同位语从句同位语从句1. 同位语从句的概念：同位语从句的概念：在复合句中充当同位语的名词性从句叫在复合句中充当同位语的名词性从句叫做同位语从句。它一般跟在某些名词后，做同位语从句。它一般跟在某些名词后，用以说明该名词表示的具体内容。用以说明该名词表示的具体内容。I heard the news that our team had won.It is my suggestion that the sports meeting should be put off.2. 可以跟同位语从句的名词有：可以跟同位语从句的名词有：news, word, idea, fact, question, problem, hope, suggestion, truth, possibility, belief, doubt, message, promise, report, reply, thought等。等。 He got the news from Mary that the sports meeting was put off.Ive come from Mr. Wang with the message that he wont be able to see you this afternoon.He expressed the hope that he wanted to visit China.I have no ideas when we will go.The possibility that the majority of the labor force will work at home is often discussed.The thought that we might succeed excited us.3. 同位语从句的引导词同位语从句的引导词（1）由）由that引导，其中引导，其中that不可省略，不可省略，也不能用也不能用which来替代。来替代。that在从句在从句中不充当任何成分，起引导作用。中不充当任何成分，起引导作用。The fact that you havent enough time to do the work is simply unbelievable.（2）由）由whether引导，引导，whether含有含有“是是否否”的意思，但的意思，但whether不可以用不可以用if来替来替换。换。The problem whether we should continue to do the experiment has been solved.(3)由连接代词由连接代词who，连接副词，连接副词where，when, how引导。引导。The question who should do the work requires consideration .We havent settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation.(4)有时用有时用namely（即），（即），that is to say（也就是说），（也就是说），that is （那就是）等引（那就是）等引出同位语或同位语从句。出同位语或同位语从句。There is only one way of improving your English, that is, to practise more.He told us the good news, namely, the museum is open to all.同位语从句与定语从句同位语从句与定语从句的相似之处的相似之处1、两种从句都可以译成定语、两种从句都可以译成定语The news that our team has won the final match is encouraging.(.(同位语从句同位语从句) )我们队取得决赛胜利的我们队取得决赛胜利的消息令人鼓舞。消息令人鼓舞。The news that you told us is really encouraging.(.(定语从句定语从句) ) 你告诉我们的你告诉我们的消息真的令人鼓舞。消息真的令人鼓舞。2 2、两种从句都可以用、两种从句都可以用thatthat引导引导The suggestion that students should learn something practical is worth considering. （同位语从句）（同位语从句）学生应该学些实用的东西的学生应该学些实用的东西的建议值得考虑建议值得考虑.The suggestion that is worth considering is that the students should learn something practical.（定语从句）（定语从句）值得考虑的值得考虑的建议是学生应该学些实用的东建议是学生应该学些实用的东西。西。同位语从句与定语从句同位语从句与定语从句的的不同之处不同之处1 1、从句的作用不同：同位语从句用来、从句的作用不同：同位语从句用来进一步说明前面名词的内容；定语从进一步说明前面名词的内容；定语从句用来修饰、限定前面的名词。句用来修饰、限定前面的名词。 The news that our team has won the final match is encouraging. （从句说明（从句说明“消息消息”的内容：的内容：我们队取我们队取得了决赛胜利。得了决赛胜利。）The news that you told us is really encouraging.（从句对（从句对“消息消息”加以限定：是加以限定：是你告诉你告诉我们的我们的, 而非来自其他渠道。但消息是什而非来自其他渠道。但消息是什么却不得而知。）么却不得而知。）2. 引导从句的关联词引导从句的关联词that的功能不同的功能不同: that引导同位语从句时是一个纯连词引导同位语从句时是一个纯连词, 不不充当任何成分充当任何成分; 而引导定语从句的而引导定语从句的that是是关系代词关系代词, 既指代先行词又须在从句中充既指代先行词又须在从句中充当成分当成分.1) Dad made a promise that he would buy me CD player if I passed the English test. (that 不充当任何成分不充当任何成分)2) Dad made a promise that excited all his children.(that指代指代promise, 又在从句中充当主语又在从句中充当主语.)Tell the function of the clauses in the following sentences 说出下列从句的功能：说出下列从句的功能：A: Appositive(同位语同位语); B: Attributive(定语定语)1.His proposal that we go there on foot is acceptable.2.Many teachers hold the view that teenagers should not spend too much time online.3.The first request that he made was to ask for freedom.BPractice4. Do you have any idea where we will be sent?5. Is this the company where your father works?6. This is the reason that he gave for his absence.7. He made an excuse that his car broke down on the way.BBTell the function of the following sentences. a. subject b. object c. predicative d. appositive1. The idea that England stands for Fish& Chips, Speakers Corner ,Big Ben and the Tower of London is past.2. The fact that Great Britain is made up of three countries is still unknown to many.appositiveappositive3. The result of so much French influence was that the English language ended up with many French words such as table, animal and age.4. Some people feel that Wales is an ancient fairy land.predicativeobject5. That most of these are now threatened and may disappear is a serious matter to the people in Britain.6. They realize that it is of great value to record and teach them to the younger generation.subjectobject1. The news that the plane would take off on time made everybody happy.2. The news that is spreading around the airport is that a heavy storm is coming.Identify the type of clause in the following sentences. If it is a noun clause, write NC; if it is an attributive clause, write AC.NCAC3. The suggestion that students should learn something practical is worth considering.4. The suggestion that they are considering is that students should learn something practical.NCAC1. Two thirds of all girls in Britain are on a diet./ The fact worries their parents and teachers a lot.Join each pair of sentences using a Noun Clause as Appositive.The fact that two thirds of all girls are on a diet worries their parents and teachers a lot.2. The Queen of England was on a three-day visit in China./ We heard the news last night.We heard the news last night that the Queen of England was on a three-day visit in China.4. Time travel is possible./ There is no scientific proof for the idea.3. Teenagers should not spend too much time online./ Many British parents hold the view.Many British parents hold the view that teenagers shouldnt spend too much time online.There is no scientific proof for the idea that time travel is possible.5. Chinese students should be given more free time./The suggestion is welcomed by many people, especially kids in school.The suggestion that Chinese students should be given more free time is welcomed by many people, especially kids in school.
