高中英语语法-过去完成时(26张PPT)课件.ppt

1.I found the letter after he_ away. A. went B. had gone C. goes D. has gone2.The news came as no surprise to me, for I _ of it earlier. A. hear B. heard C. have heard D. had heard Have a try1. Upon their entering the tomb, Carters lucky pet bird , which he had left in Cairo, was swallowed by a snake.PresentPastCarter left his lucky pet bird in Cairo.Carters lucky pet bird was swallowed by a snake.Carter opened King Tutankhamuns tomb.2. Then a few months after Carter had opened the tomb, Lord Carnarvon fell ill with a fever and died.Lord Carnarvon fell ill and died.PastPresent用法一：表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成的动用法一：表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成的动作或存在的状态作或存在的状态。常用时间状语：常用时间状语：by/before/until/by the end of +表示过去的时间。表示过去的时间。 1. The train had left before I reached the station.2. We had completed our match when the bell rang.3. The meeting began after all the members had arrived.4. He had finished his report by last week.5. She knew she had met him somewhere else.6.Cater said that they had hidden the entrance to the tomb.主语主语+过去完成时过去完成时+ before/when 从句（从句用一般过去时）从句（从句用一般过去时）主语主语+一般过去时一般过去时+ after +从句（从句用过去完成时）从句（从句用过去完成时）主语主语+过去完成时过去完成时+ by +过去时间过去时间主语主语+told/said/knew/heard/thought+宾语从句（从句用过宾语从句（从句用过去完成时）去完成时）PresentPastThey got married.They separated.3. They had been married for ten years before they separated._10 years用法二：表示从过去某一时间开始一直延续到过去用法二：表示从过去某一时间开始一直延续到过去另一时间的动作或状态。另一时间的动作或状态。典型句型：典型句型：主语主语+过去完成时过去完成时+since/for时间状语时间状语4. I had planned to go shopping last night, but someone called and I couldnt get away.5. He had thought you would accepted his invitation.用法三：表示愿望、打算的词，如用法三：表示愿望、打算的词，如think, hope, mean, suppose, want, expect, plan用于过去完成时表示用于过去完成时表示表示表示过去未曾实现的想法，希望，打算或意图等。过去未曾实现的想法，希望，打算或意图等。v过去完成时还可用在过去完成时还可用在“hardly when+过去式过去式 ”, “no sooner than +过去式过去式”, “It was /had been +时间时间 + since+过去完成时过去完成时”“It was the first/second time (that) ”等固定句型等固定句型中。中。e.g. (1) Hardly had he began to speak when the audience interrupted him.他刚开始演讲，听众就打断了他。(2) No sooner had he arrived than he went away again.他刚到就又走了。 (3) It was the third time that she had been out of work that year.这是她那一年第三次失业了。4）It was ten years since we had had such a wonderful time. 我们有十年都没那么高兴过了。 Another amazing person -Amelia Earhart She was a female pilot from America . Do you want to know her life story? Why was she amazing?PracticeComplete the story on page 49. Amelia Earhart was born on 24th July 1897. She had an exciting childhood. Before she moved to Des Moines, she _already _ her first airplane. She _to Chicago, six years later. She worked as a nurse in the First World War and became interested in flying. She _ already _ flying lessons before she bought her first plane . Then her interest in flying really began to grow. In 1929, she organized an air race for women. A year earlier, she _ the first woman air passenger to fly across the Atlantic.hadseenmovedhadtakenhad become She married George Putnam in 1931. They _ three years before when he interviewed her in New York. In 1932, she became the first woman to fly alone across the Atlantic.On 1 June 1937, she _ her round-the-world flight. The flight went well in June. She reached New Guinea on the 29th. She _ flying nearly a month earlier.When base tried to contact Amelia at 9.30 p.m. 0n 2nd July 1937, she _ already _ missing. had metstartedhad startedhadgoneAttention: Whether the simple past tense or the past perfect tense is used depends on the sequence of the events. 过去完成时强调动作在过去某时间或过去完成时强调动作在过去某时间或另一动作之前已完成。另一动作之前已完成。 一般过去时仅表示动作或状态在过去某一般过去时仅表示动作或状态在过去某时间发生过，不强调与另一动作的比较。时间发生过，不强调与另一动作的比较。The simple past tense or the past perfect tense （ Finish the exercise on page 50) When the Titanic was built, people assumed it would never sink. So, when it sank on its first journey, the news (1)_(surprise) everyone greatly. The Titanic was built in Belfast, Ireland. Its makers (2)_(spend) a great deal of money building the extraordinary ship. When it was finished ,it was the largest and most comfortable ship ever built. The Titanic set sail on 10 April 1921. I (3) _ (want) to set foot on the Titanic ever since it was built, said Molly Brown, a Titanic survivor. I never thought it would sink. On 13th April, the Titanic was sailing at full speed towards New York. surprisedspenthad wantedThe captain, who (4)_(receive) warnings about icebergs all day, had dismissed the warnings as they (5)_(arrive).At 2.20 a.m., the Titanic sank into the sea. It (6) _(hit) an iceberg just over two hours before. Of the 2,208 people aboard the ship, only 705 (7)_(survive).Explorer Robert Ballard (8)(8) _(search) for the Titanic for more than 20 year before he found it. When new technology was developed, we (9)_(9)_(use) it to send cameras down into sea. Finally, we found the ship. With his cameras, he was able to find the hole along the side of the ship which (10)(10)_(cause) it to fill with water and sink.had receivedarrivedhad hithad searchedusedhad causedsurvivedThe present perfect or the past perfect?Howard Carter is one of the most famous explorers the world has ever known.PastPresentFutureHoward Carter became famous.Summary: The present perfect tense is used when we are talking about a past event which relates to the present time.现在完成时表示的是持现在完成时表示的是持续到现在或通现在有关的动作，句中没有表示过去续到现在或通现在有关的动作，句中没有表示过去特定时间的状语特定时间的状语The present perfect or the past perfect?PastPresentThe tomb of King Tutankhamen had been opened.People in Carters team began to fall ill and die strangely.Not long after the tomb of King Tutankhamen had been opened, people in Carters team began to fall ill and die strangely.Summary: The Past Perfect tense is used when we are discussing the past and want to talk about an even earlier event.Howard Carter said that he had stayed in Egypt for more than 30 years, searching for the tombs of the Egyptian kings.The present perfect or the past perfect?What are the differences between them?Summary: When we change a sentence from the direct speech into the indirect speech like this, the tense will be changed from the present perfect to the past perfect tense.Howard Carter said, “I have stayed in Egypt for more than 30 years, searching for the tombs of the Egyptian kings.”过去完成时与现在完成时的区别v现在完成时表示的是延续到现在或与现在现在完成时表示的是延续到现在或与现在有关的动作有关的动作v过去完成时表示的是在过去某时之前已经过去完成时表示的是在过去某时之前已经完成或延续到过去某时的动作（句中有表完成或延续到过去某时的动作（句中有表示过去特定时间的状语示过去特定时间的状语)v比较下面两个句子：比较下面两个句子：vShe had been ill for a week before she came back.vShe has been ill for a week.生病发生在生病发生在“过去的过去过去的过去”现在仍在生病现在仍在生病v现在完成时着眼于现在，强调过去发生的某现在完成时着眼于现在，强调过去发生的某动作对现在造成的影响和结果，或是由过去动作对现在造成的影响和结果，或是由过去持续到现在的动作。持续到现在的动作。 I have cleaned the classroom.我打扫干净教室了。（强调扫地所产生的结果：地干净了。） They have lived here for twenty years.他们住在这二十年了。（“住”从过去持续到现在的动作用现在完成时。） v过去完成时则主要体现过去发生的两动作的过去完成时则主要体现过去发生的两动作的先后有别，表达的是先后有别，表达的是“过去的过去过去的过去”，即比，即比过去发生的某动作都还要过去发生的某动作都还要“过去过去”，两动作，两动作中先发生的就用过去完成时，后发生的则只中先发生的就用过去完成时，后发生的则只用一般过去时。运用过去完成时的句子往往用一般过去时。运用过去完成时的句子往往有过去的时间或动作。有过去的时间或动作。ve.g. (1) Mr Smith had lived in London for ten years before he came to China.v史密斯先生在来中国之前就已经在伦敦住过十年了。（“来”中国已成过去，而先前“住”在纽约就是过去的过去。）(2) We had learned 600 words by the end of last year. 到去年，我们已经学了600个单词。（“去年”已过去，而在之前“学”的就更过去了。） Another amazing person -Cai Lun What did he say? And what did he do?Read the sentences on page 51 and then complete the article .The inventor of The inventor of paperpaperCai Lun is a famous Chinese inventor, known for inventing paper. Cai invented paper in AD 105, but _ many times at first. Before his invention worked, Cai _ many different parts of trees and plants to make paper even old fishing nets! After Cai invented paper, people all over China used it. At that time,however, no one _ of Cai or paper in the West. Paper was spread to the West through the Arabs ,who learnt how to make paper in AD 751. They _ several Chinese paper makers during a war, who then told them about Cais invention. Once the paper makers _ people how to make paper, it came into widespread use all over the world.had failedhad triedhad heardhad caughthad shownHomework1.Do Part C1 and C2 on page 104 in Workbook.2.Preview the next part of this unit: Project.