2022中考英语重点词汇短语.docx

2022中考英语重点词汇短语篇一：中考英语：重点单词、短语用法归类 2022中考英语：重点单词、短语用法归类 1 . cost / take / spend / pay 花费 花费时间做某事 ： It takes sb some time to do sth . = sb spend some time （in）doing sth .= sb spend some time on sth . 某人花钱买某物 ： sb spend some money on sth . = sb pay some money for sth . = sth cost sb . some money . spend 和 pay 主语都是人， cost 主语是物。 spent 还可以指“度过” How did you spend your weekend ? The sweater _ me 90 yuan . = I _ 90 yuan for the sweater .=I _ 90 yuan on the sweater .He spent lots of money _ the mobile phone . It _ her 20 minutes to go home every day . = He _ 20 minutes _ home every day . 2 .thanks for 为?而感谢 _ inviting me to your birthday party . thanks to 多亏/由于 _ your help .I got good grades . 3 . 感叹句 ：多么? what + 名词 how + 形容词 / 副词 . _ bad weather ！. _ hard he works ！ . _ fresh vegetables ！. _ cute a monkey it is ！ 4 . 因为、由于 ： because( 连词 ) +从句： ( 表示原因 ) because of（介词短语） + 名词（短语 ）= thanks to I didnt go to school _ I had a headache . He was late for class _ the bad weather . He cant come _ he is ill . Many people have a cold _ the cold weather . because和 so不能同时连用 . 5 . 来自 ： be from = come from Where are you from ? = Where _ you _ _ ? He is from Tibet . = He _ _ Tibet . 6 .How often 对频率提问 （ 多久一次） 回答用表示频率的副词或短语 How long 对一段时间提问 （多久 ） 回答用表示一段时间的状语 How soon 对将来时间提问 （ 多久 ） 回答用 in+时间段 How far 询问多长距离（多长） - _ have you been collecting the kites ? -For ten years . - _ do you go shopping ? -Sometimes. - _ will your father come back ? - In two years . - _ do you exercise ? - Once a week . - _ is it from your home to school ? - About ten miles . - _ are you staying there ?- Two weeks . 7 . 乘交通工具 ： take a / the +交通工具 在句中作谓语 by+交通工具= on a 交通工具 在句中作方式状语 交通工具有：train/bus/car/taxi/boat/subway/plane He takes a bus to bank .= He goes to bank by bus . = He goes to bank on a bus . I walk to school . = I go to school _ . 骑自行车、马或驴用ride ： ride ones bike / ride a horse / ride a donkey in ones car 8 . 对不起 ： Excuse me （劳驾，客套话 ） Sorry ( 表示道歉 ) _ .Where is Tianfu Square in Chengdu ? Would you mind cleaning your room ? - _ . Ill do it right away . - Dont eat in class . - _ . Ms Clark . _ , is this the way to the station ? 9 . 声音 ： sound ( 自然界各种声音 ) noise（噪音） voice（悦耳的声音：嗓子） Lucy has a sweet _ .That _ like a good idea . Dont make _ . The baby is sleeping . 10 . look like (外貌看起来像? ) be like （ 性格像? ） Lily _ _ Lucy . Oh , they are twins . Tony _ _ a monkey because he is cute and playful . 11 .take? to ? 带去 bring? to ? 带来 fetch 没有方向性（强调来回） Tony . _ the ball here .Please . My father often _ me _ concerts on Sundays . _ your homework _ school tomorrow . 12. 一些 ： some 用于肯定句 any 用于否定句和疑问句 Id like _ milk . Would you like _ yogurt ? _ Thanks . I dont want _ . 在一般疑问句中，认为对方的答案会是肯定的，或期望得到对方肯定回答时，也用some . 13. 多少 ： How many修饰可数名词复数 How much 修饰不可数名词 _ juice do you want ? _ apples do you want ? - _ is the T-shirt ? Its 30 yuan . How much 可对价钱提问：How much are the potatoes ? 14 看 ：see 强调看的结果 look ( at ) 不及物动词，强调看的动作 watch 观看：比赛、电视、表演、电影 read 读，朗读：看书、看报、看信、看杂志 Dont _ in bed . We will _ a basketball game this evening . Please _ the blackboard . Everyone . I _ a bird in the tree yesterday . On Saturday night . I saw an interesting talk show . On Saturday evening . several kids watched a movie . watch a movie =go to a movie 15. stop doing sth 停止做某事 Please stop talking . stop to do sth 停下来去做别的事 The girl soon stopped _ (cry ) . He was tired and stopped _ (have ) a rest . 16. forget / remember后接不定式表示未发生的动作： forget / remember to do sth（忘记/记得去做某事） He forgot to turn off the light .(没有做 关灯的动作) Remember to go to the post office after school . forget / remember 后接ving表示已发生的动作： forget / remember doing sth（忘记/记得做过某事） He forgot turning off the light . (已做过关灯的动作) Dont you remember seeing the man before ? 17. 到达? reach + 地点 get to + 地点 reach = get to arrive + in + 大地点 arrive + at + 小地点 He reached London yesterday . = He _ to London yesterday . = He _ in London yesterday . She arrived _ the bus station just now . You should _ ( get ) home on time . 当get to和 arrive at /in后接地点副词时，都不加介词。如：get home get there 省略 to 18. 擅长，在?方面做得好 ： be good at = do well in . She is good at chemistry . = She _ _ _ chemistry . Niuniu is good at _ the violin . = Niuniu _ well in _ the violin . Lucy and Lily are twin girls .Lucy is better _ dancing than Lily .but Lily _ _ in singing than Lucy . 19. win （ 赢得 ）接a game、 war 、a match、 a prize beat( 打败、战胜 )接运动员、球队、对手等。 Which team _ the football match ? Wang Hao _ Ma Lin and _ the champion of the Mens Singles . 20. 借 borrow sth . from sb = borrow sb . sth 向某人借某物 borrow借入 lend sth . to sb = lend sb . sth把某物借给某人 lend 借出 keep延续性动词 ，与一段时间连用。 Can you lend me your bike ? = Can you _ your bike _ me ? You can borrow some money _ your brother . = You can borrow your brother _ _. - How long can I _ the book ? - You can _ it for two weeks . 类似用法的还有：buy have put on wear become be leave be away from open be openbegin be on die be deadreturn be back become He has _ a doctor . He has _ a doctor for 10 years . beginThe film has _ . The film has _ for ten minutes . 21. 能，会。be able to can 情态动词后面都接动词原形。 We should _ able to finish the work tomorrow . I can _ (play) the guitar . He _ able to play chess . 22. too many 太多 修饰可数名词复数 I have too many rules in my house . too much 太多 修饰不可数名词 Maybe you have too much yin . much too 太 后跟形容词或副词原级 This coat is much too expensive . Eating _ _ is bad for your health . Its _ _cold today . Youd better not go out . There are _ _ students in the hallways . Its dangerous . 23. have / has been to 去过某地 He has been to Beijing . (现在不在北京) have / has gone to 去了某地 He has gone to Beijing . (现在可能在北京，或在去北京的途中) have / has been in / at 在某地 I have ever _ _ America twice . He has _ _ Beijing for ten years . Where is your brother ? - He _ _ to Hainan . _ you ever _ _ Disneyland ? 24. used to do sth .过去常做某事 This river used to be very clean . be（get）used to doing sth .习惯于做某事 Im not used to getting up early . be used to do sth = be used for doing sth . 被用于做某事 Pens are used for writing . Xiao Gang _ _ _ afraid of the dark . The broom is _ _ clean the room . = The broom is _ _ cleaning the room . He _ _ _ living countryside .There is fresh air and sweet well . Wood _ _ _ making paper . 25. belong to + 名词 / 人称代词宾格 （属于） be + 名词所有格 / 名词性物主代词 （是） It must _ Nings .= It must _ Ning . The pencil must be _ (my) . = The pencil must belong to _ (my) . This ball _ to me .= This ball is _ . 26.cant 不可能 0 表示推测、判断 could/might 也许、可能 50 80 must 肯定、一定 101 The CD _ belong to Tony . because he likes listening to music . The notebook _ be mine .It has my name on it . The toy _ be my grandpa . After all .He is an old man . 27. be made from （由?制成）看不出原材料 be made of （由?制成）看得出原材料 The table _ _ _ wood . Paper _ _ _ wood . 28. prefer to do sth 宁愿做某事 prefer sth . to sth . 喜欢?而不喜欢? prefer doing sth . to doing sth . 喜欢做?而不喜欢做? I prefer _ (swim) to _ (play) balls . He _ fish to beef . I prefer to _ (walk) to work . 29. 一些表示人的情感或情绪的形容词 ： ed 修饰人 ing 修饰物 篇二：中考重点词汇和短语 中考重点词汇和短语 A 1a bit 有点儿 a bit of 后跟名词 a bit of housework 我偶尔因为感到有点儿孤独。a little 有点儿，（比）稍微可修饰比较级 It?s 10 a.m. I feel a little hungry. 上午10点了，我感到有点饿。 Lily is 1.65 metres tall. I am 1.63 metres tall. Lily is a little taller than I. Lily1.65米高。我1.63米高。Lily比我高一点。 2、ability n. 能力 be able to do Different people have different abilities. 不同的人有不同的能力。 3、above prep. 在的上面 Wilson lives two floors above Wendy. Wilson住在Wendy楼上两层。 below prep. 在的下面 Mary lives six floors below Wendy. Mary住在Wendy楼下6层。 over prep. 在的上方 There is a bridge over the river.有一座桥横跨这条河。 under prep. 在的下方 There is a bike under the tree.有一辆自行车在树下。 on prep. 在的上面 There is a book on the desk.桌上有一本书。 4、abroad adv. 在国外，到国外 I?m planning to travel abroad in this coming summer holidays. 我计划在即将到来的暑假里去国外旅行。 5、accept vt. 接受 Do you accept what he told you? 你能接受他所告诉你的事吗？ 6、accident n. 事故，意外的事 The car accident killed three men yesterday.昨天，三个人在这场车祸中丧生。 7、achieve vt. 获得 achieve a balance betweenand在和之间获得平衡 I don?t know how to achieve a balance between my schoolwork and my hobbies. Can you give me some advice?我不知道怎样在学习和爱好两者之间取得平衡。你能给我一些建议吗？ 8、across prep. 穿过 go across the road/ bridge/street/field cross vt. 穿过 Cross the road and you?ll see the museum.穿过这条马路，你就看到那个博物馆。 crossroads n. 十字路口through prep. 穿过，通过 go through the forest/tunnel 穿过森林/隧道 The sun is shining through the window.阳光透过窗户照进来。 9、action n. 行动 take action(s) 采取行动 If we do not take action, there will be no bears in the world. 如果我们不采取行动，世界上就没有熊了。 10、active adj. 积极的，活跃的 反义词：inactiveYou are energetic and active, but sometimes too impatient. 你精力充沛、活泼，但有时你太没有耐心了。 take an active part in积极参加 actively adv. 积极地，活跃地 We hope this information will help them understand and make them actively take action to protect wildlife. 我希望这个信息将帮助他们理解并且使他们积极地采取行动来保护野生动物。 11、activity n. 活动 after-school/outdoor/indoor activities 课外/户外/室内活动 We do after-school activities every afternoon.我们每天 下午进行室内活动。 12、advantage n. 优势，长处 disadvantage n. 劣势，缺点，不利条件 Living in the country has advantages and disadvantages. 住在农村既有优势也有劣势。 13、advise vt. 建议，劝告 advise sb.to do sth. 建议某人做某事 Our English teacher advises us to speak English as much as possible.我们英语教师建议我们尽可能多说英语。 advicen. （U） 建议，劝告，忠告 give sb. some advice 给某人提一些建议 I don?t know how to learn English well. I hope you can give me some advice. 我不知道怎样学好英语。我希望你可以给我一些建议。 suggestion n. (C) 建议 offer sb. some suggestions Can you offer me some suggestions? 你能给我提些建 议吗？ 14、affect vt. 影响 affect our moods 影响我们的心情 Do you know that colours can affect our moods? 你知道颜色能影响我们情绪吗？ effect n. 影响，作用 have a good/bad effect on sb. 对某人有好的/坏的影响 15、afford vt./ vi. 买的起，能做 afford sth. 买的起 afford to do sth. 有能力做某事 The car is too expensive. I can?t afford it/I can?t afford to buy it.这辆太贵了， 我买不起。 16、afraid adj. 担心，害怕，恐怕be afraid of sth./doing be afraid to do sth./be afraid that I have a lot of homework to do. I?m afraid (that) I can?t go with you. 我有许多家庭作业要做，恐怕我不能和你去了。 I?m afraid of snakes.我害怕蛇。 I?m afraid of going out alone at night. 我害怕晚上单独出去。 Don?t be afraid to ask questions.不要害怕问问题。 17、against prep. 反对，违反，紧靠 He is wanted because he has done something against the law. 他被通缉因为他做了违法的事。 18、age n. 年龄at the age of在岁时 What?s your age?/How old are you?你多大啦？ At the age of five, she could swim.5岁的时候他就能游泳。 19、ago adv.以前two years ago 两年前 three seconds ago 三秒种前 before adv. 以前 I have never been to the Great Wall before. 我以前从来没有去过长城。prep. 在以前，在前面 I like reading English before I go to bed. 我在上床前喜欢读英文。 He sits before/in front of me.他坐在我前面。 the day before yesterday 前天 the year before last 前年 20、agree vi. 同意，赞同 agree with sb. 同意某人的看法 agreement n. 同意，协议 反义词：disagree I agree with your parents that it is better for you to go home earlier. 我同意你父母的观点，你最好早点回家。 21. allow vt. 允许 allow sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事 My parents don?t allow me to play outside after 6 p.m. 我父母不允许我下午6点之后出去玩. 22、almost adv. 几乎，差不多 nearly adv. 几乎，差不多hardly adv.几乎不 He is very tall-almost 1.75 metres tall.他很高几乎有1.75米 We lost our umbrella in the wind and I nearly fell over. 大风卷走了我们的伞，我几乎跌倒。 24、alone adv./ adj. 独自单独 lonely adj. 孤独的，寂寞的feel lonely The old man lives alone, but he doesn?t feel lonely.这个 老人独自一人居住，但他不感到寂寞。 25、along prep.沿着go/walk along the roadget along(well) with与相处（融洽），在取得（大的）进展 I get along well with all my classmates. 我和我所有同学相处融洽。 26、already adv. 已经 yet adv. 还（未）常用于否定或疑问句中 We have already finished our homework.我们已经做完 我们家庭作业。 Have you finished your homework yet? No , not yet. 你已经做完你的庭作业了吗？还没有。 27、although conj.虽然，尽管 不能和but连用Although he studies hard, he can?t catch up with others. 虽然他努力学习，但他不能赶上别人。 28、also adv. 也 ,too adv. 也 , as well 也, either 也 He likes reading. I also like reading.I like reading, too.我也喜欢看书。 He is also wearing a pair of colourful trainers.他也穿了 一双颜色鲜艳的运动鞋。 I want to read the book as well.我也想读这本书。 He doesn?t like running, I don?t, either. 他不喜欢跑步，我也不喜欢。 29、among prep. 在中间 三者或以上 betweenprep. 在之间两者 The teacher stands among the students.老师站在学生中间 There is a railway between the two cities.在这两城市间有 一条铁路。 30、angry adj. 生气的，愤怒的be /become/get angry with angrily adv. 愤怒地 His parents became angry when he made the same mistake again. 当他再次犯同样的错误时，他的父母生气了。 “What?” the tiger said angrily. “什么?”老虎生气地说。 31、another adj. 另一个，别的 后跟可数名词单数 other 后加可数复数 Would you like another cup of tea?你想再要一杯茶吗？ onethe other（两个中的） 一个另一个 The old man has two daughters. One is a worker, the other is a nurse. 这个老人有两了女儿，一个是工人，另一个是护士。 32、answer n. 答案the answer to 的答案 Can you tell me the answer to the question? It?s difficult for me.你能告诉我这个问题答案吗？这对我有点难。 v.回答 answer a question 回答问题 reply n./v.答复，回答 My penfriend in the USA hasn?t replied to my last three e-mails. 我在美国的笔友还没有回复我上次三份e-mail。 33anyone pron. 任何人 用于疑问句和否定句Is there anyone in the room? 房间里有人吗？ 34. appearance n.出现，相貌 appear v 出现 反义词：disappearShe made her final appearance on the screen. 她最后一次出现在银幕上。 35、argue vi. 辩论，争辩 argue with sb. 和某人争辩 I love peace and do not like to argue with others.我喜欢 安静不喜欢和别人争辩。 36、arrive vi. 到达 arrive at/in ,get to, reach a place 到达某地 arrive in Beijing, arrive at the station, reach the station, get to the station, get here/there/home arrival n. 到达time of arrival到达的时间 When we arrived, the film had been on for 10 minutes. 当我们到达的时候。电影已经放映10分钟了。 37、asleep adj. 睡着的fall asleep入