英语专业八级短语.docx

英语专业八级短语 51Talk无忧英语 “平价英语培训”领跑者 英语专业八级 1.abide by(=be faithful to ; obey)忠于；遵守。 2.be absent from.缺席，不在 3.absence or mind(=being absent-minded) 心不在焉 4.absorb(=take up the attention of)吸引的留意力(被动语态):be absorbed in 聚精会神于近:be engroed in ; be lost in ; be rapt in ;be concentrated on ; be focused on ; be centered on 5.(be) abundant in(be rich in; be well supplied with) 富于,富有 6.acce(to) (不行数名词) 能接近,进入,了解 7.by accident(=by chance, accidentally)偶然地,意外.Without accident(=safely) 平安地, 8.of ones own accord(=without being asked; willingly; freely)自愿地 ,主动地 9.in accord with 与一样 / out of ones accord with 同.不一样 10.with one accord (=with everybody agreeing)一样地 11.in accordance with (=in agreement with) 依照,依据 12.on ones own account 1) 为了某人的原因, 为了某人自己的利益 2) (=at ones own risk) 自行负责 3) (=by oneself)依靠自己 on account 赊账; on account of 因为; on no account不论什么缘由也不;of account 有.重要性. 13.takeinto account(=consider)把.考虑进去 14.give sb.an account of 说明, 说明 (理由) 15.account for (=give an explanation or reason for) 说明, 说明. 16.on account of (=because of) 由于,因为. 17.on no account(=in no case, for no reason)绝不要,无论如何不要(放句首时句子要倒装) 18.accuseof(=chargewith; blame sb.for sth.; blame sth.on sb.; complain about) 指控,控告 19.be accustomed to (=be in the habit of, be used to)习惯于. 20.be acquainted with(=to have knowledge of) 了解; (=to have met socially) 熟识 21.act on 奉行,根据行动; act as 扮演; act for 代理 22.adapt oneself to(=adjust oneself to) 使自己适应于 23.adapt(for) (=make sth.Suitable for a new need) 改编, 改写(以适应新的须要) 24.in addition (=besides) 此外, 又, 加之 25.in addition to(=as well as, besides, other than)除外 26.adhere to (=abide by, conform to, comply with, cling to, insist on, persist in, observe, opinion, belief ) 粘附; 坚持, 遵循 27.adjacent(=next to, close to) 毗邻的, 接近的 28.adjust.(to) (=change slightly)调整; 适应; 29.admit of (=be capable of, leave room for) 的可能，留有的余地. 30.in advance (before in time) 预报, 事先. 31.to advantage 有利的,使优点更加突出地. 真人外教一对一 徐小平老师鼎力举荐 51Talk无忧英语 “平价英语培训”领跑者 32.have an advantage over 赛过. have the advantage of 由于处于有利条件 have the advantage of sb.知道某人所不知道的事 33.take advantage of (=make the best of, utilize, make use of, profit from, harne)利用. 34.agree with 赞同(某人看法) agree to 同意 35.in agreement (with) 同意, 一样 36.ahead of 在之前, 超过;.ahead of time 提前. 37.in the air 1)不愿定, 不详细.2)在谣传中. 38.above all (=especially, most important of all) 尤其是, 最重要的. 39.in all (=counting everyone or everything, altogether) 总共, 总计 40.after all 终归,究竟; (not) at all 一点也不; all at once(=suddenly)突然; once and for all 只此一次; above all 最重要的; first of all 首先; all in all 大体上说; be all in 累极了; all but 几乎. 41.allow for (=take into consideration, take into account) 考虑到, 估计到. 42.amount to (=to be equal to) 总计, 等于. 43.answer for (undertake responsibility for, be liable for, take charge for) 对负责. 44.answer to (=conform to) 适合,符合. 45.be anxious about 为着急担心; 或anxious for 46.apologize to sb.for sth.为向致歉 47.appeal to sb.for sth.为某事向某人呼吁.appeal to sb.对某人有吸引力 48.apply to sb.for sth.为向申请 ; apply for申请; apply to 适用. 49.apply to 与有关;适用 50.approve of (=consent to, be in favor of, favor, agree to, consider good, right) 赞成, approve vt.批准 51.arise from(=be caused by) 由引起. 52.arrange for sb./sth.to do sth.支配做 53.arrive on 到达; arrive at 到达某地(小地方);得出,作出; arrive in 到达某地(大地方); 54.be ashamed of (=feel shame, guilt or sorrow because of sth.done) 以为羞愧 55.aure sb.of sth.(=try to cause to believe or trust in sth.) 向保证, 使确信. 56.attach(to) (=to fix, fasten; join) 缚, 系 ,结 57.make an attempt at doing sth.(to do sth.) 试图做 58.attend to (=give ones attention, care and thought)留意,照看;attend on(upon)(=wait upon, serve, look after) 侍候,照料 59.attitude to/ toward 对的看法.看法 60.attributeto(=to believe sth.to be the result of)把.归因于., 认为.是.的结果 61.on the average (=on average, on an average) 平均 62.(be) aware of (=be conscious of , having knowledge or consciousne)意识到,知道. 63.at the back of (=behind) 在后面 64.in the back of 在后部(里面); on the back of 在后部(外面); be on ones back(=be ill in bed) 卧病不起. 65.at ones back(=supporting or favoring sb.) 支持,维护; have sb.at ones back 有支持, 有作后台 66.turn ones back on sb.(=turn away from sb.in an impolite way) 忽视(某人),背弃, 真人外教一对一 徐小平老师鼎力举荐 51Talk无忧英语 “平价英语培训”领跑者 抛弃 67.behind ones back 背着某人(说坏话) 68.be based on / upon 基于 69.on the basis of 依据, 在基础上 70.beatat 在运动项目上打赢 71.begin with 以起先.to begin with (=first of all) 首先, 第一(常常用于起先语) 72.on behalf of (=as the representative of) 以名义 73.believe in(=have faith or trust in; consider sth./sb.to be true) 信任,依靠,信仰. 74.benefit (from) 受益,得到好处. 75.for the benefit of 为了的利益(好处) 76.for the better 好转 77.get the better of (=defeat sb.) 战胜, 赛过. 78.by birth 在诞生上,论出身,按血统 at birth 在诞生时; give birth to 诞生 79.blame sb.for sth.因责怪某人 .blame sth.on sb.把推在某人身上 80.in bloom开花(指树木) be in bloom开花(强调状态) come into bloom开花(强调动作) 81.on board 到船上, 在船上, 上火车或飞机 82.boast of (or about) 吹嘘 83.out of breath 喘不过气来 84.in brief(=in as few words as poible)简言之 85.in bulk 成批地,不散装的 86.take the floor 起立发言 87.on busine 出差办事. 88.be busy with sth.于某事。 be busy doing sth.忙于做某事 89.last but one 倒数其次. 90.but for (=without) 要不是.表示假设 91.buy sth.formoney 用多少钱买 92.be capable of 能够, 有实力 be capable of being +过去分词:是能够被的 93.in any case(=for love or money, at any rate, at any price, at any cost, whatever happens; anyhow)无论如何 94.in case (=for fear that) 万一; 95.in case of (=in the event of)假如发生万一 in the case of 至于, 就而言 96.in no case在任何状况下都不(放句首倒装句) 97.be cautious of 谨防 98.center ones attention on(=focus ones attention on) 把某人的留意力集中在上 99.be certain of (=be sure of) 有把握, 肯定. 100.for certain of (=for sure )确定地,有把握地 人文学问 1.A Tale of Two Cities was written by Charles Dickens. 2.Phonology: The study of speech sounds in language or a language with reference to 真人外教一对一 徐小平老师鼎力举荐 51Talk无忧英语 “平价英语培训”领跑者 their distribution and patterning and to tacit rules governing pronunciation.音位学; 在语言或一门语言中，对有关其分类和模式以及为大家所默认的发音规则的探讨音韵学, 音系学 3.Syntax: The study of the rules whereby words or other elements of sentence structure are combined to form grammatical sentences.句法，探讨词或其它句子成分如何联合起来形成合乎语法的句子规则的学科 4.Semantics: The study or science of meaning in language forms.语义学，以语言形式表示意思的探讨或科学 5.acronym : 首字母组合词，首字母缩略词，比如，NATO, UNESCO, BASIC,它们可以连拼，但VOA是 Initialism。 6.Metonymy: A figure of speech in which one word or phrase is substituted for another with which it is closely aociated, as in the use of Washington for the United States government or of the sword for military power.换喻或转喻，一种,一个词或词组被另一个与之有紧密联系的词或词组替换的修辞方法，如用华盛顿代替美=或用剑代替军事力气，对面来了三个“红领巾”也是，以红领巾指代少先队员。 7.Simile: A figure of speech in which two eentially unlike things are compared, often in a phrase introduced by like or as, as in How like the winter hath my absence been or So are you to my thoughts as food to life (Shakespeare).明喻, 一种修辞手法，把两种基本不相像的东西进行比较，通常在由 like或 as引导的短语中，如 “我的离开好象是冬天来临”或“你对我的思想就象食物对于生命一样重要”（莎士比亚） 8.Metaphor: A figure of speech in which a word or phrase that ordinarily designates one thing is used to designate another, thus making an implicit comparison, as in a sea of troubles or All the world's a stage(Shakespeare) 隐喻一种语言表达手法，通常用指某物的词或词组来指代他物，从而示意它们之间的相像之处，如 “忧愁之海”或“整个世界一台戏”(莎士比亚) the ship of desert 沙漠之舟 9.Oxymoron: A rhetorical figure in which incongruous or contradictory terms are combined, as in a deafening silence and a mournful optimist.冲突修饰法, 一种把相互冲突或不调和的词合在一起的修辞手法，如在 响彻云霄的缄默和哀痛的乐观 cruel kindne 10.The affection name given to the clock tower of the Houses of Parliament, Westminster is Big Ben. 11.John Milton the poet wrote of Adam and Eves expulsion from the Garden of Eden in Paradise Lost.Paradise Regained was also written by him. 12.Sonnet: A 14-line verse form usually having one of several conventional rhyme schemes.十四行诗体, 一种由十四行组成的诗歌形式，通常有一种传统的押韵形式, 莎士比亚用过此诗体。 13.Slang: A kind of language occurring chiefly in casual and playful speech, made up typically of short-lived coinages and figures of speech that are deliberately used in place of standard terms for added racine, humor, irreverence, or other effect.俚语主要出现在非正式的、嬉戏性的话语中的一种语言，基本由存在时间很短的派生词和修辞构成，它们被有意地用来取代标准的词语以达到生动、幽默、无礼或其它效果 14.Catch Phrase: A phrase in wide or popular use, especially one serving as a slogan for a group or movement.警句，妙句，吸引人的词句广泛运用的或流行的用语，尤指用作集团或运动的口号的用语。 15.Jargon: The specialized or technical language of a trade, profeion, or similar group. 真人外教一对一 徐小平老师鼎力举荐 51Talk无忧英语 “平价英语培训”领跑者 行话, 一个行业、职业或类似的团体中运用的专业的或技术的语言. terminology 16.Platitude: A trite or banal remark or statement, especially one expreed as if it were original or significant.陈腔滥调, 陈腐的或平凡的评论或陈述，尤指某人表述它时好象它是新奇的或有意义的 17.Hyperbole: A figure of speech in which exaggeration is used for emphasis or effect, as in I could sleep for a year or This book weighs a ton.夸张法,一种比方，运用夸张来强调或产生某种效果，比如在我能睡一年或这书有一吨重 18.onomatopoeia: The formation or use of words such as buzz or murmur that imitate the sounds aociated with the objects or actions they refer to.象声词, 词的构成或用法，例如 buzz或 nurmur仿照事物或行动的声音. 19.hypotaxis: 从属关系 20.parataxis: 并列结构，指 短语或分句间不用连词， 如：I came, I saw, I conquered. 21.Transcendentalism: A literary and philosophical movement, aociated with Ralph Waldo Emerson and Margaret Fuller, aerting the existence of an ideal spiritual reality that transcends the empirical and scientific and is knowable through intuition.超验主义, 一种文学和哲学运动，与拉尔夫沃尔多爱默生和玛格丽特富勒有关，宣称存在一种志向的精神实体，超越于阅历和科学之处，通过直觉得以把握 22.Nathaniel Hawthorne wrote the Scarlet Letter.美国 23.Morphology: The study of the structure and form of words in language or a language, including inflection, derivation, and the formation of compounds.词法，词态学，形态音位学, 语言或某一语言中对于单词的结构和形式的探讨，包括词尾改变、派生和合成词的构成 24.affricate: A complex speech sound consisting of a stop consonant辅音 followed by a fricative摩擦; for example, the initial sounds of child and joy.塞擦音由闭塞音伴随着摩擦音而形成的困难的语音；例如 child和 joy的第一个音Also called: affricative. 25.Vanity Fair 名利场 was written William Makepeace Thackray 26.Neil Armstrong was the first person to walk on the moon.Edwin Aldrin, Michael Collins 尼尔阿姆斯特朗、埃德温奥尔德林、迈克尔柯林斯 27.The title of the national anthem 国歌 of Canada is O Canada.此种类型题同学们可自己多找几个国家。 28.Henry David Thoreaus work, Walden, has always been regarded as a masterpiece of New England Transcendentalism. 29.etymology: the history of a word.词源学 30.The dominant accent in the United States is General American.除纽约市、南方、新英格兰 31.John Lennon is a member of the band of Beatles 披头士或甲壳虫乐队in the 1960s. 32.In Gullivers Travels格列佛游记, Jonathan Swift describes the island of the Houyhnhnms as the worlds most perfect society.有理智和人性的马 Houyhnhnms are horses in fact. 33.Ceoffrey Chaucer wrote Canterbury Tales in fourteenth century. 34.morpheme: A meaningful linguistic unit consisting of a word, such as man, or a word element, such as -ed in walked, that cannot be divided into smaller meaningful parts.词素, 一种含有一个单词的有意义的语言单位，如 -ed在单词 walked中，不能被划分为更 真人外教一对一 徐小平老师鼎力举荐 51Talk无忧英语 “平价英语培训”领跑者 小的有意义单位 35.The name of the famous stadium露天体育场 in the north of London is Wembley. 36.Wimbledon温布尔登英国英格兰东南部城市(位于伦敦旁边, 是闻名的国际网球竞赛地) 37.Toad in the hole is a Traditional English recipe食谱, originating from Yorkshire, a county in the north of England.烤面拖牛肉，面拖烤香肠 38.Boycott: To act together in abstaining from using, buying, or dealing with as an expreion of protest or disfavor or as a means of coercion（强制）.联合抵制, 联合起来拒绝运用、购买或经销以示抗议、不满或作为强制的手段 39.Segregation: The policy and practice of imposing the social separation of races, as in schools, housing, and industry, especially so as to practice discrimination against people of color in a predominantly white society.种族隔离, 强制实行种族的社会分别政策及实践，如在学校、居住和工业中，尤指在白人居多的社会中实行有色人种卑视的政策 40.Apartheid: An official policy of racial segregation practiced in the Republic of South Africa, involving political, legal, and economic discrimination against nonwhites.种族隔离制, 南非共和国实行的一种正式的种族隔离政策，包括在政治、法律和经济诸方面对非白色人种的卑视. 41.Integration: The bringing of people of different racial or ethnic groups into unrestricted and equal aociation, as in society or an organization; desegregation.种族或宗教融合, 在社会或组织中，使不同的种族或宗教派别的人处于无限制的同等的关系中；取消种族隔离 42.The majority of French-speaking Canadians live in Quebec. 43.Sir Thomas More coined the word “Utopia”, it means nowhere land in Greek. 44.The Hemingway Code heroes are best remembered for their indestructible spirit. 45.Phoneme: any one of the set of smallest distinctive speech sounds in a language that distinguish one word from another 音位，音素, 语言中最小的语音单位，如英语里 mat中的 m和 bat中的 b 46.polysemy: 一词多义 47.patron saint：爱护圣徒, 守护神 48.Parentese: 父母语 49.back formation: 逆构词 脱落一词的词缀以构成新词 typewriter typewrite 50.allomorph: Any of the variant forms of a morpheme.For example, the phonetic s of cats, z of dogs, and z of horses and the en of oxen are allomorphs of the English plural morpheme.语素变体, 语素的一种变体形式，如语音学的中之 s在 cats中，z在 dogs中，和 iz在 horses中，还有 en在 oxen中都是英语复数语素的语素变体.听力新闻词汇 政治新闻常用词汇 absolute majority 肯定多数 ad hoc committee 特殊委员会 advisory body 询问机构 anti-establishment反政府心情 all-embracing agreement应有尽有的协定 arbitration 调停 bipartisan diplomacy两党一样的对外政策 carrot-and-stick 威逼利诱政策 真人外教一对一 徐小平老师鼎力举荐 51Talk无忧英语 “平价英语培训”领跑者 deadlock 僵局 shoe-string majority 微弱多数 embargo 禁运 summit conference 首脑会议 abstain from voting弃权 air of tension 惊慌气氛 administrative authorities行政当局 amendment 修正案 apartheid 种族隔离 bare majority牵强过半数 briefing meeting 简要新闻发布会 nonaligned country不结盟国家 congreional hearing(美国)国会看法听证会 diplomatic immunity 外交豁免权 shuttle diplomacy 穿梭外交 经贸新闻常用词汇 accumulated deficit 累计赤字 active trade balance 贸易顺差 busine slump 生意萧条 dull market 萧条的市场 economic takeoff 经济起飞 broker 经纪人 reciprocal trade agreement 互惠贸易政笼 dividend 红利 wholesale dealer批发商 economic receion 经济衰退 gold standard金本位 devaluation 贬值 American Selling Price美国销售价格 retailer零售商 price index 物价指数 deficiency亏损 acro-the-board tariff cut talks 全面削减关税会谈 demand and supply balance 供求平衡 gold reserve 黄金储备 price-curbing policy抑制物价政策 tycoon 巨头 petrodollar石油美元 non-confidence motion 不信任案 s