情态动词的用法及专项练习(共3页).doc

精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上 情态动词的用法一 分类：1.只做情态动词：can（could）、may（ might）、must.后接动词原形。2.可做情态动词又可做实义动词。如：need，dare3.具有情态动词特征：have（has，had）to，used to（过去常常）。二 情态动词的用法：情态动词后接动词原形1. must的用法1）must意为“必须；应该；一定”。表示说话人的主观意志，表示必须要做的。如：We must finish reading the book in two weeks. 我们必须在两周内看完这本书。2）表示说话人对事物的推测，语气比may肯定，只用于肯定句中。Must be译为“一定是”如：Mr. Liu must be in the office. 刘老师一定在办公室。3） 用must提问时，如果是否定回答，多用neednt或dont have to，表示“不必，没必要”，而mustnt表示“绝对不行，不可以，禁止”的意思。如：-Must I finish my homework now?-Yes,you must. -No,you neednt/dont have to4）have to意为“必须；不得不”，有人称、时态和数的变化，后跟动词原形，表示客观需要。如：When I was your age，I already had to work. 2. can的用法：1）can意为“能；会；可以”。表示能力，其否定式是cannot=cant。如：She can sing. 她会唱歌。2）表示请求许可。Can I . ? 意思是“我可以吗？”，较口语化。3）can的过去式是could，如：Lucy could swim at the age of five. 露西五岁时就会游泳了。could也可表示较can更为委婉的语气。如：Could you help me? 帮帮我好吗？4）can表示推测时，常用于否定句和疑问句中。Cant be“不可能是”，若是疑问句，其肯定回答用may或must。如：Where can it be? 它会在哪里呢？It may/must be in your desk . 它可能/一定在你的课桌里。否定回答：It cant be in your desk.它不可能在你的课桌上。3. may的用法：1）may意为“可以；可能”。表示请求、许可。如：May I look at your CD player?  我可以看一下你的CD机吗？2）表示可能性（说话人的猜测），常用于肯定句中。如：Your sister may be waiting for you now. 你妹妹可能现在正在等你呢。3） 以may引起的一般疑问句，否定回答多用mustnt；May I come in? 我可以进来吗？No, you mustnt. 不，不行。4.need的用法：1)need作情态动词时，意为“需要”，后接动词原形，常用于疑问句和否定句中，否定形式：neednt,疑问句：Need提前如：You neednt try to explain. Need I explain it?2) need作为实义动词时，后接动词不定式to do，有人称和数的变化。如：She needs to come tomorrow.He (不需要）borrow money.Do they_(需要）do homework today？5. had better的用法：had better（not） do sth 最好（不要）做某事如：Youd better _(stay) at home. Youd better _(not watch) TV.练习： ( ) 1 John_ come to see us tonight, but he isn't very sure yet.A. may B. can C. has to D. must( ) 2 They _ do well in the exam.A. can be able to B. be able to C. can able to D. are able to( ) 3 -May I take this book out?-No, you_.A. can't B. may not C. needn't D. aren't( ) 4 You_ go and see a doctor at once because you're got a fever.A. can B. must C. dare D. would( ) 5 -Can you speak Japanese?-No, I_.A. mustn't B. can't C. needn't D. may not( ) 1 -He_ be in the classroom, I think.-No, he _ be in the classroom. I saw him go home a minute ago. A. can; may not B. must; may not C. may; can't D. may; mustn't( ) 2 -Shall I get one more cake for you, Dad?-Thanks, but you_, I've had enough.A. may not B. must not C. can't D. needn't( ) 3 Even the top students in our class can't work out this problem, so it       be very difficult.A. may B. must C. can D. need( ) 4 He isn't at school. I think he _ be ill. A. can B. shall C. must D. has to( ) 5 _ I take this one? A. May B. Will C. Are D. Do( ) 1 The children_ play football on the road.A. can't B. can C. mustn't D. must( ) 2 You _ be late for school again next time.A. mustn't B. needn't C. don't have to D. don't need to( ) 3 -Must I do my homework at once?-No, you_. A. needn't B. mustn't C. can't D. may not( ) 1 His arm is all right. He_ go and see the doctor.A. has not to B. don't have to C. haven't to D. doesn't have to( ) 2 He had to give up the plan, _ he? A. did B. didn't C. does D. doesn't( ) 3 They had to walk here, _ they? A. mustn't B. did C. didn't D. hadn't( ) 1 He had better stay here, _ he? A. didn't B. don't C. hadn't D. isn't( ) 2 You'd better_late next time. A. not to be B. not be C. won't be D. don't be( ) 3 You'd better _ your hair _ once a month.A. had; cut B. had; cutted C. have; cut D. have; cutted( ) 4 You_ ask that man over there. Maybe he knows the way. A. had better not to B. had not better C. had better D. had better not( ) 1 -Shall we go and visit the History Museum next Sunday?A. Here you are B. Sorry, I can't C. Yes, please D. Let me try( ) 2 -Why don't you ask Mike to go with us?-Thanks, _.A. I will B. I won't C. lean D. I may( ) 3 -_ I take the newspaper away?-No, you mustn't. You_read it only here.A. Must; can B. May; can C. Need; must D. Must; must( ) 1 Excuse me. _ you please pass me that cup?A. Do B. Should C. Would D. Must( ) 2 _ you like to have another try?A. Could B. Will C. Would D. Do( ) 3 -Would you like to go boating with us?-Yes, _.A. I'd like B. I want C. I'd like to D. I do( ) 1 You_ worry about your son. He will get well soon.A. needn't B. can't C. mustn't D. have to( ) 2 The poor man needs our help, _ he?A. need B. needn't C. does D. doesn't( ) 3 -Must we do our homework first?-No, you_. You may have a rest first.A. mustn't B. needn't C. may not D. can't参考答案：1. 1-5 A D A B B2. 1-5 C D B C A3. 1-3 C A A4. 1-3 D B C5. 1-4 C B C C6. 1-3 B A B7. 1-3 C C C8. 1-3 A D B专心-专注-专业