2022年人教版最新八年级英语下册知识点全总结! .pdf

人教版最新八年级英语下册知识点全总结! 人教版最新八年级英语下册知识点全总结！Unit1 what s the matter?1、It s + 形容词+ for sb、+ to do sth、 做某事对某人来说就是的。It s important to do sth、做某事很重要。It s important for me to eat a balanced diet、 平衡饮食对我来说就是很重要的、It s easy to do sth、做某事就是容易的。It s easy for us to find out the answer、 找出答案对我们来说就是容易的。2、情态动词should的用法should就是情态动词,它的基本用法就是必须与其她动词一起构成谓语。意为应该、。should(应当 ,应该 )用于所有人称,表示劝告或建议。eg 、 -I have a very bad cold、我感冒很厉害。-You should lie down and have a rest、您应该躺下,多喝水。3、maybe与 may be(1)maybe就是副词 ,译为“也许、可能”,相当于“ perhaps”。如 :Maybe he can answer the question、也许她能回答那个问题。He maybe is from the USA, too、她可能也来自美国。(2)may be中的 may 为情态动词,译为“可能就是、”。如:He may be from the USA, too、她可能也来自美国。She may be our English teacher、她可能就是我们的英语老师。4、 few 、a few、little、a little的区别与联系: 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 34 页 - - - - - - - - - - 人教版最新八年级英语下册知识点全总结! (1)few / a few用来修饰可数名词,few 表示否定意义,没有 ,几乎没有 ;a few表示肯定意义 , 有几个。例如 :He has few friends here, he feels lonely、她这里没朋友,她感觉寂寞。There are a few eggs in the basket、篮子里有几个鸡蛋。(2)little / a little用来修饰不可数名词,little表示否定意义,没有 ,几乎没有 ; a little 表示肯定意义,有一点儿。例如 :There is little ink in my bottle、Can you give me a little ink? 我的瓶子里没有墨水了,您能给我点儿墨水不？5、not until 直到 (否定句 ) 才、,动词为短暂性或瞬间性动词。She didn t leave until we came、He went shopping after he got up、=He didnt go shopping until /before he got up、 until/till 直到、(肯定句 )动词为延续性动词We stayed here till/until 12 oclock 、Unit2 Ill help clean the city parks、1、短语动词小结常见动词短语结构有下面几种:(1) 动词 + 副词如:give up 放弃 ;turn off 关掉 ;stay up 熬夜这种结构有时相当于及物动词,如果其宾语就是代词,就必须放在动词与副词之间,如果就是名词,则既可插在动词与副词之间,也可放在短语动词后。(2) 动词 + 介词如:listen of 听;look at 瞧;belong to 属于精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 34 页 - - - - - - - - - - 人教版最新八年级英语下册知识点全总结! 这种结构相当于及物动词,后面跟宾语。(3) 动词 + 副词 + 介词如 :come up with 提出 ,想出 ; run out of 用完 ,耗尽(4) 动词 + 名词 + 介词如 :take part in参加 ;catch hold of 抓住2、each 每个 ,各自的 ,强调事物的个别情况,常与 of 连用every 每个 ,每一个的,一切的 ,有“全体”的意思不能与of 连用3、help sb、(to) do 帮助某人做某事help him (to) studyhelp sb、with sth、帮助某人做某事help him with Englishhelp do 帮助做某事 help study4、spend、 doing、花费做I spent a day visiting Beijing、 我花了一天的时间去参观北京。spend on sth、花费在 I spent 3 years on English、5、join 参加(指参加团体、组织) 如:join the Party 入党take part in 参加(指参加活动) 如:take part in sports meeting 参加运动会6、run out 与run out of(1)run out (become used up)、其主语往往为物。如时间,食物 ,金钱 ,油等 ,本身就含有被动意义。His money soon ran out、她的钱很快就花光了。Our time is running out、我们剩下的时间不多了。(2)run out of 主语为人 ,表示主动含义。He is always running out of money before pay day、她总就是在发工资的日子还没有到就把钱花完了。精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 34 页 - - - - - - - - - - 人教版最新八年级英语下册知识点全总结! 两者在一定条件下可以互换如:The petrol is running out 、汽油快用完了= We are running out of petrol、Our time is running out、 我们剩下的时间不多了。= We are running out of time、7、work out (1) 结局 ,结果为 The strategies that he came up with worked out fine、她提出的这个策略效果很好。(2) 算出 ,制订出 ,消耗完 (精力等 ) He never seems to be worked out、她好像永远不会疲乏似的。 He worked out a plan、她制订了一个计划。 I have worked out our total expenses、我已经算出了我们总的费用。8、hang out 闲荡闲逛 I like to hang out at mall with my friends、我喜欢与我的朋友一起去购物中心闲荡。9、be able to do 能,会be unable to do 不能 ,不会10 、for sure 确实如此 ,毫无疑问You don t have money、That s for sure、您没有钱 ,这就是毫无疑问的。11 、fill with 使充满用填充She filled the bowl with water、她用水填满碗。精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 34 页 - - - - - - - - - - 人教版最新八年级英语下册知识点全总结! 12 、hand out 分发 hand out bananasgive out 分发 give out sth to sb、分、给某人give up doing 放弃 give up smoking 放弃吸烟give away 赠送捐赠 give away money to kidsgive sb、sth 、给某人某东西 give me money 给我钱give sth、to sb 、给某人某东西give money to me 给我线13 、help sb、out 帮助做事,解决难题 (摆脱困境 )I can t work out this math problem、Please help me out、我不能算出这道数学问题,请您帮我解决。14 、train n、火车 v 、 训练train sb、to do 、训练某人做某事She trains her dog to fetch things、她训练她的狗去取东西。15 、at once = right away 立刻马上如:Do it at once、马上去做。Ill go there at once/ right away、我马上去那里。16 、one day 有一天(指将来 / 过去 ) some day 有一天 (指将来 ) 如 :One day I went to Beijing、有一天我去了北京。Some day Ill go to Beijing、有一天我将去北京。Unit3 Could you please clean your room?精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 34 页 - - - - - - - - - - 人教版最新八年级英语下册知识点全总结! 1、关于to 的短语总结have to do sth、 不得不 /必须做某事need to do sth、 需要做某事hate to do sth、讨厌做某事like to do sth、喜欢做某事want to do sth、想做某事love to do sth、热爱做某事forget to do sth、忘记做某事start to do sth、开始做某事begin to do sth、开始做某事ask sb to do sth、请某人做某事2、-Could you please clean your room? -Yes, sure、/ Sorry, I cant、I have to do my homework first、-Could I please use the car?-Sure、/ Certainly、/ Of course、 / No, you cant、I have to go out、在表示请求帮助或请求允许的疑问句中,常用could 代替can, 以表示礼貌,委婉或不确定的语气,而can 则不具备这些语气。这种情况下不能把could 瞧作can 的过去式。以上两句中用could 就是为了表示礼貌的请求。表示请求帮助或请求允许时,除了can, could 之外 ,还可以用may, 句子的表达方式也各有不同,可以用不同的方式来表示同一个概念。例:Could / Can / May I use your car for a day? 作允答可以各种各样: 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 34 页 - - - - - - - - - - 人教版最新八年级英语下册知识点全总结! 如 同 意 可 以 说Yes, 或Sure 或Certainly,还 可 说Yes, (do) please 、 或Of course 、(you may / can)、或Thats OK / all right、如果不同意,可以说Im sorry you cant、或Im really sorry, but I have to use it today、 要避免说No, you cant、 这样显得很不礼貌。否定回答通常用委婉语气。Unit4 Why dont you talk to your parents?1、get ( 1 ) 买get sth、for sb 、= get sb、sth 、为某人买某物Can you get some fruit for me when you go shopping ?= Can you get me some fruit when you go shopping ?( 2 ) 得到 ,到达Where did you get the book?When did you get the letter?He got home late last night、(3) 使,让,get + 宾语+ 宾补使某人 / 某物怎么样Please get you coat clean、Get your mouth closed、get sb 、to do sth、使某人做某事I got him to call Jim yesterday、(4)( 逐渐 ) 变得、The weather gets warmer and days get longer 、精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 34 页 - - - - - - - - - - 人教版最新八年级英语下册知识点全总结! Why did the teacher get angry ?2、how about/ what about 后跟名词/ 代词 / 动词 ing形式。(1) 向对方提出建议或请求 How about going out for a walk?How about something to eat?(2) 向对方征求意见或瞧法 How about the TV play ? How about buying the house now ?( 3 ) 询问天气或身体情况 How about the weather in Hainan Island ? How about your parents? Are they living with you ?( 4 ) 谈话中承接上下文 Im forty years old、How about you? Im from Beijing、How about you?3、receive 收到The girl was happy to receive many gifts on her birthday 、 receive a letter from = get a letter from = heard from收到某人的信I received a letter from my parents last Sunday 、= I got a letter from my parents last Sunday 、= I heard from my parents last Sunday 、accept 接受He couldnt accept our suggestions but our gifts、精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 8 页，共 34 页 - - - - - - - - - - 人教版最新八年级英语下册知识点全总结! She was very glad to receive the invitation、I received an invitation to the party , but I refused to accept it 、4、a 6-year-old child 一个六岁的孩子6-year-old 就是由“数词+ 名词+ 形容词”构成的复合形容词,作前置定语,修饰后面的名词child 。“数词 + 名词 + 形容词”构成的复合形容词,中间的名词要用单数形式:a five-year-old girl 一个五岁的女孩a two-meter-long ruler 一把两米长的尺子a ten-story-high building 一栋十层高的楼房a two-inch-thick dictionary 一本两英寸厚的词典5、too 、 to 太而不能too 后跟形容词或副词原形, to 后跟动词原形, 构成不定式,句子的主语与动词不定的主语不一时, 可以在动词不定式前加逻辑主语for sb。He is too young to join the army ( 军队 ) 、她年纪太小,不能去参军。The math problem is too difficult for me to work out 、这道数学题对我来说太难了,做不出。too 、 to 可以与enough to与 sothat 转换、She is too young to do the work 、= She isnt old enough to do the work 、Tom is too tired to walk any farther 、= Tom is so tired that he cant walk any farther 、6、pay , spend , cost , take 的区别精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 9 页，共 34 页 - - - - - - - - - - 人教版最新八年级英语下册知识点全总结! (1)pay 花费( 多少钱) , 主语就是人。 sb 、pay some money for sth、I paid 5000 yuan for the computer last week 、我上个星期花了5000 买电脑。(2)spend 花费( 多少钱或时间),主语就是人。sb 、spend some money on sth、sb 、spend some time ( in ) doing sth 、I spent 5000 yuan on the computer last week 、 She spent 2 hours ( in ) doing her homework 、她花了2 个小时做作业。(3)cost 花费( 多少钱) , 主语就是物。sth 、cost sb、some money、This jacket cost him 200 dollars、这件夹克衫花费她200 美元。(4)take 花费(时间),主语形式主语为It 、It takes sb、some time to do sth、花费某人多少时间做某事How long does it take sb、to do sth? 花费某人多少时间做某事?It took Liu Hong 2 hours to do her homework、刘红花了2 个小时做作业。7、sleep , sleeping, sleepy , asleep , fall asleep , be asleep(1)sleep 动词 , 睡觉 , 强调动作。I am very tired、I want to sleep、我很累 ,想睡觉。(2)sleeping, sleep 的现在分词, 表示“正在睡觉”。Don t make so much noise、The baby is sleeping、不要这么吵,宝宝在睡觉。精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 10 页，共 34 页 - - - - - - - - - - 人教版最新八年级英语下册知识点全总结! (3)sleepy 想睡觉的 , 困倦的。 I am a little sleepy、 Id like to go to bed、 我有点困了,我想去床上睡觉了。(4)asleep 睡着了的。The teacher found Tom asleep in class and kept him behind after school 、 老师发现汤姆上课睡觉,放学后就把她留了下来。(5)fall asleep 强调从没有睡着到睡着的过程, 不能接一段时间。I couldn t fall asleep until it was very late last night 、我昨天晚上到很晚才睡着。(6)be asleep 表示睡着后的状态, “睡着了” , 可以接一段时间。He was asleep for three hours、她睡了3 个小时。8、open ( 1 ) 动词 , 打开, 开业 , 开张 , 展现Would you mind opening the window ? 您介意我把窗户打开不？( 2 ) 形容词 , be open 开着的 , 开放的On weekends the swimming pool is open to the public、在周末 ,这个游泳池就是对公众开放的。9、close 动词 , 关闭 , 关上, 合上closed 形容词 , be closed 关着的 , 关闭的10 、encourage 动词 , 鼓励 , 激励encourage sb、to do sth 、鼓励某人做某事Parents should encourage children to do things by themselves、家长们应该要鼓励孩子们自己动手做事情。精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 11 页，共 34 页 - - - - - - - - - - 人教版最新八年级英语下册知识点全总结! 11 、 progress 名词 , “进步 , 进展”make progress “取得进步, 取得进展”Tom is now making great progress at school、汤姆现在在学校的进步很大。12 、take an interest in ( doing ) sth、对( 做)某事感兴趣否定表达就是 take no interest in ( doing ) sth、对( 做)某事不感兴趣Do you take an interest in English ? 您对英语感兴趣不？Most children take an interest in playing computer games、大多数孩子对电脑游戏很感兴趣。13 、make friends with sb、与某人交朋友Would you like to make friends with us? 您想与我们交朋友不？Unit5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came?1、arrive at 到达 (小地方 ) arrive in到达 (大地方 )reach 到达get to 到达 I arrived in Beijing last night、= I reached Beijing last night 、= I got to Beijing last night 、如果宾语就是副词here, there, home, 要把 at/in/to省略。arrive here/there/homeget here/there/home2、in front of在 的前面(某一范围外的前面)精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 12 页，共 34 页 - - - - - - - - - - 人教版最新八年级英语下册知识点全总结! in the front of 在 的前面 (某一范围内的前面)There are some big trees in front of the classroom building、在教室的前面有一些大树。I like sitting in the front of the taxi、我喜欢坐在出租车的前排位置。3、take off (1) 起飞When did the plane take off yesterday? 飞机什么时候起飞？(2) 脱下 (衣帽等 ) He took off his coat as soon as he went into the room、她一进房间就脱掉了外套。(3) 取消They will take off the 5 am train 、她们取消了早上5 点的火车。4、get out (of ) 从离开 / 出去 / 下来A car stopped and a girl got out of it、但从汽车 / 火车 / 船/ 飞机 /马匹上下来, 用 get off5、follow(1) 跟随 I followed him up he hill、我跟着她上了山、(2) 沿着前进Follow this road until you get to the post office、顺着这条路一直到邮局、(3) 听懂 ,理解Could you speak more slowly? I cant follow you、您能说慢点不？我听不懂。(4)follow sb、to do sth、跟着某人做某事精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 13 页，共 34 页 - - - - - - - - - - 人教版最新八年级英语下册知识点全总结! Please follow me to read the story、请跟我读这个故事。6、shout at 大声喊叫 ,多指因生气而非善意的大声叫喊Don t shout at the little boy、He is too young、不要对她大叫,她还太小。shout to 大声喊叫,多指因距离远而不得不大声叫喊We should shout to him , or he can t hear us、我们应该朝她叫喊,否则她听不到我们的声音。7、happen 发生 ,具体事件偶然的没有预见的发生(1)happen to do sth、碰巧做某事I happened to meet one of my old friends in the park yesterday 、昨天我在公园碰巧遇见我的一个老朋友。(2)sth happens to sb、某人发生了某事An car accident happened to him last month、上个月她发生了交通事故、take place 发生(1) 按计划进行或按计划发生Great changes have taken place in China in recent years、最近几年中国发生了巨大的变化、(2)( 运动 / 活动 / 会议等 ) 举行The meeting will take place next Friday、运动会将于下星期五举行。take the place of 代替 , 取代Plastics can sometimes take the place of wood and metal 、塑料有时能代替木材与金属、take ones place 坐某人的位置, 代替某人的职务精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 14 页，共 34 页 - - - - - - - - - - 人教版最新八年级英语下册知识点全总结! Come to take my place、my seat is near the window 、来做我的位置,我的座位靠近窗户。8、anywhere 任何地方 ,常用于否定句或疑问句中、Did you go anywhere last night? 您昨天还去了别的地方了不？somewhere 某个地方 ,用于肯定句。come and see me、Then well go out somewhere、来我家找我,然后我们出去逛逛。everywhere 处处 , 到处= here and thereI can t find my pen though I looked for it everywhere、尽管我到处都找过了,还就是找不到我的钢笔。11 、silence 名词 , 寂静 / 无声There s nothing but silence in the room、屋内寂静无声。Keep in silence、 保持沉默、silent 形容词 , 沉默的 , 寂静的The old house was quite silent、这所老房子寂静无声。The cat moved on silent feet、那只猫无声地走动着。12 、hear 听到Can you hear someone knocking at the door? 您听到有人敲门了不？(1)hear of 听说, 后接表示人或物的词I have never heard of him before、我以前从来没有听说过她。( 2 ) hear about 听说 , 后接表示事件的名词Ive just heard about his illness、我刚刚听说她生病的事。精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 15 页，共 34 页 - - - - - - - - - - 人教版最新八年级英语下册知识点全总结! Have you heard about the accident ? 您听说了那场事故不?(3)hear from 收到某人的来信I heard from my daughter in New York yesterday、我昨天收到在纽约的女儿的来信。13 、 主语+ be + one of the + 形容词最高级+ 复数名词+ in / of 短语。 就是中最的之一、This was one of the most important events in modern American history、 这就是美国历史上最重要的事件之一。Xiamen is one of the most beautiful cities in China、厦门就是中国最漂亮的城市之一。13 、experience(1) 名词经验 , 不可数名词; 经历 , 体验 , 可数名词Have you had any experience of fishing? 您有钓鱼的经验不?Could you tell us about your experiences in Africa? 您能给我们谈谈您在非洲的经历不?(2) 动词经历 , 感觉The children experienced many difficulties this time、这次孩子们经历了许多困难、experienced 形容词有经验的be experienced in/at doing sth 、= have much experience in/at doing sth 、做某事很有经验、She is an experienced teacher、她就是一个经验丰富的教师。精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 16 页，共 34 页 - - - - - - - - - - 人教版最新八年级英语下册知识点全总结! He is very experienced in/at repairing cars、她修车很有经验。14 、as as 与一样两个 as 之间用形容词或副词的原形。He works as carefully as she、她与她一样工作认真。She is as tall as her mother、她与母亲一样高。not as as 不如某人/ 某物He isn t as / so old as he looks 、她不像瞧起来那么老。She doesnt run as / so fast as her brother、她不如她哥哥跑得那么快。15 、 have fun = have a good/great/wonderful time = enjoy oneself 玩得开心 ,过得愉快Did you have fun at the party? 昨天在派对上玩的开心不？= Did you have a good/great/wonderful time ? = Did you enjoy yourself ?have fun doing sth、开心做某事Im just having fun playing the guitar 、我正开心的弹吉她呢。16 、accident 事故 , 意外遭遇He was killed in an accident、她死于一起意外事故、traffic accident 交通事故Many people die in traffic accidents every year、 每年有很多人死于交通事故。by accident 偶然 , 意外地We met at the airport by accident 、我们偶然在机场遇见。18 、think about 考虑(某个计划) 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 17 页，共 34 页 - - - - - - - - - - 人教版最新八年级英语下册知识点全总结! They are thinking about moving to Beijing、她们考虑搬去北京。think of 认为 What do you think of the movie?= how do you like the movie? 您认为这部电影怎么样?think over 仔细思考We need a few days to think over this matter、我们需要几天时间来考虑这个事情。19 、感叹句what 引导的感叹句(1)What a beautiful girl (she is )! 多么美的姑娘呀!(2)What a clever boy ( he is )! 多么聪明的男孩呀!(3)What interesting pictures ( they are )! 多么美的图片呀!(4)What tall buildings ( they are )! 多么高的楼呀!(5)What delicious food ( it is ) ! 多么可口的食物呀!(6)What bad weather ( it is ) ! 多么坏的天气呀!规律 :what + ( a/an ) + 形容词+ 名词( + 主语+ 谓语 ) + !名词为不可数名词或复数名词时, 形容词前面不能有a/an 。how 引导的感叹句(7)How h