2022年人教版新目标英语七年级下册知识点总结 .pdf
第页1 新目标英语七年级下册知识点总结Unit 1 Can you play the guitar?1, 情态动词 +V 原can do= be able to do 2, Play+ the+ 乐器+球类,棋类3, join 参加社团、组织、团体4, 4 个说的区别: say+内容Speak+语言Talk 谈论 talk about sth talk with sb talk to sb Tell 告诉,讲述tell sb (not)to do sth Tell stories/ jokes 5, want= would like + (sb) to do sth 6, 4 个也的区别: too 肯定句末(前面加逗号)Either 否定句末(前面加逗号)Also 行前 be 后As well 口语中(前面不加逗号)7, be good at+ V-ing=do well in 擅长于be good with 和, 相处好=get on/ along well with 8, 特殊疑问句的构成:疑问词+一般疑问句9, How/ what about+V-ing , 怎么样?(表建议)10,感官动词( look, sound, taste, smell, feel )+adj/ like 11,选择疑问句:回答不能直接用Yes 或者 No,要从中选择一个回答12,students wanted for school show(wanted 表示招募,含有被动意义)13,show sth to sb=show sb sth 把某物给某人看give sth to sb=give sb sth 把某物给某人14,help sb (to)do sth 帮助某人做某事Help sb with sth 帮助某人做某事With sb s help= with the help of sb Help oneself to 随便享用15,be busy doing sth/ be busy with sth 忙于做某事16,need to do sth需要做某事17,be free= have time 空闲18,have friends= make friends 交朋友19,call sb at +电话号码打电话给某人20,on the weekend= on weekends 在周末21,English-speaking students 说英语的学生(带有连词符,有形容词性质)22,do kung fu 表演功夫Unit 2 What time do you go to school?1, 问时间用what time 或者 when 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 15 页 - - - - - - - - - - 第页2 At+ 钟点at 7 o clock at noon/ at night (during/ in the day )On+ 具体某天、星期、特指的一天on April 1ston Sunday on a cold winter morning In +年、月、上午、下午、晚上2, 时间读法:顺读法逆读法:分钟30 用 past five past eight (8:05) half past eight(8:30)分钟 30 用 to a quarter to ten(9:45)整点用,o clock 7 o clock( 7:00)3,3 个穿的区别: wear 表状态,接服装、手套、眼镜、香水等Put on 表动作,接服装Dress 表动作,接sb/ oneself get dressed穿衣3, 感叹句: How+adj+ 主谓!How+adj+a/an +n 单+主谓!What+ a/an +adj+ n 单+主谓!What+ adj+ n 复/ 不可数 +主谓!4, from,to, 从, 到,5, be/ arrive late for 因为什么而迟到6, 频度副词(行前be 后)Always usually often sometimes seldom hardly never 7,一段时间前面要用介词for for half an hour for five minutes 8, eat/ have,for breakfast/ lunch/ dinner/ supper 9, either,or 要么 , 要么 ,10,a lot of=lots of 很多后面可跟可数复数或不可数名词11. it is +adj+for sb +to do sth (adj 修饰 to do sth)It is important for me to learn English. 做某事对于某人来说怎么样. it is +adj+of sb +to do sth (adj 修饰 sb) It is kind/ friendly/ nice of you to help me. 某人做某事怎么样!Unit 3 How do you get to school?1, 疑问词How 如何(方式)how long 多长(时间)答语常用“(For/ about +)时间段”how far多远(距离)答语常用“(It s + )数词 +miles/ meters/ kilometers”how often多久一次(频率)答语常用“Always/ often/ every day/ , ”或“次数 +时间”等表频率的状语How soon 多快,多久以后,常用在将来时中。答语常用“in +时间段”how many 多少(接可数名词) how much(接不可数名词)why为什么(原因) what什么 when何时who谁 whom谁(宾格)(针对宾语提问也可用who) whose 谁的2, 宾语从句要用陈述句语序3, Stop sb from doing sth 组织某人做某事Stop to do 停下来去做其他事Stop doing 停止正在做的事精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 15 页 - - - - - - - - - - 第页3 4, what do you think of/ about , ? = how do you like , ?你认为 , 怎么样?5, He is 11 years old. He is an 11-year-old boy. 6, many students= many of the students 7, be afraid of sth be afraid to do sth worry about be worried about 担心8, play with sb 和某人一起玩9, come true 实现10,have to do sth 不得不(必须)做某事11,he is like a father to me (like 像)12,leave 离开leave for 出发前往某地13,cross 是动词across是介词14,thanks for +n/ V-ing Thanks for your help/ thanks for helping me. Thanks for your invitation/ thanks for inviting/ asking me. Thanks to 幸亏,由于,因为15,4 个花费:人 +spend/ spends/ spent+时间 /钱+( in) doing sth/ on sth 人+pay/ pays/ paid + 钱+for sth It takes/ took sb + 时间 +to do sth 物+cost/ costs/ cost +sb +钱16,交通方式用介词。在句子中做方式状语。by + 交通工具名词(中间无需任何修饰)By bus/ bike/ car/ taxi/ ship/ boat/ plane/ subway/ train,by + 交通路线的位置By land/ water/ sea/ air in/ on +冠词/ 物主代词 / 指示代词 + 交通工具名词In a/ his/ the car On a/ his/ the bus/ bike/ship/ train/ horse/ motorbike on foot 步行用动词。在句子中做谓语。take + a/ the +交通工具名词take a bus/ plane/ ship/ train ride a bike walk/ drive/ ride/ fly to, (后面接here ,there ,home等地点副词时,省略介词to 。 )如步行回家:walk home 17,名词所有格一般情况加 s Toms pen以 s 结尾加 the teachers office ten days holiday 表示几个人共同拥有,在最后一个名词后加 s Mike and Johns desk表示每个人各自拥有,在每个名词 后加 s Mikes and Johns desks精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 15 页 - - - - - - - - - - 第页4 Unit 4 Don t eat in class. 1,祈使句 (变否定在句首 +don t) Be 型( be +表语),否定形式: don t + be +表语Be quiet,please. Don t be late!Do 型(实义动词 +其他),否定形式: don t +实义动词 +其他Come here,please. Don t play football here. Let 型( let sb do sth) ,否定形式: don t + let sb do sth 或者 let sb not do sth No+n/ V-ing No photos /mobile ;No parking/ smoking/ spitting/ talking/ picking of flowers 2,in class 在课堂上in the classroom 在教室3,be on time 准时4,listen to music 听音乐5, ( have a)fight with sb 与某人打架7, eat outside 到外边吃饭8, Must 与 have to (1)must 表示说话人主观上的看法,意为“必须”。 have to 表示客观的需要或责任,意为“不得不,必须” ,后接动词原词。(2)must 没有人称,时态和数的变化Have to 有人称,数,时态的变化,其第三人称单数形式为has to ,过去式为had to. 构成否定句或疑问句时借助动词do/ does。(3)have to 的否定式是neednt=dont / doesn t have to (不必要);must 的否定式是must not/ mustn t(一定不能,不允许) 。9, Some of,其中的一些(某些)10,bring,to, 把什么带到,11,practice (doing)sth 练习做某事12,wash/ do the dishes 洗餐具13,on school days/ nights 学习日晚上14,break/ follow (obey)the rules 打破 /遵守规则15,Be strict with sb/ oneself be strict in sth 对 , 严格。16,too many“太多”修饰可数名词复数too much“太多”修饰不可数名词much too“实在太”修饰形容词或副词17,make one s/ the bed 18,get to, arrive in/at, reach,到达(如果后面接地点的副词home ,here 或 there ,就不用介词 in ,at, to)19,remember/ forget+to do 要做+doing 做过20,have fun,enjoy oneself,have a good/ great/ wonderful time+V-ing Unit 5 Why do you like pandas ?1, 回答 why 的提问要用because 2,Kind of 相当于副词,修饰形容词或副词,意为“稍微,有点”,与 a little/ bit 相近A kind of 意为“一种” , some kinds of 意为“几种” ,all kinds of 意为“各种各样的” 。这里的 kind 是“种,类,属”的意思。精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 15 页 - - - - - - - - - - 第页5 3,Why not =Why don t you+V 原你为什么不, ?4,walk on one s legs/ hands on 意为“用, 方式行走”5,all day =the whole day 整天6,来自 be/ come from where do they come from ?=where are they from ?7,more than=over 超过less than 少于8,once twice three times 9,be in great danger 处于危险10,one of, 之一+名词复数11,get lost 丢失12,with/ without 有/ 没有介词13,a symbol of, 的象征14,由 , 制造be made of能看出原材料be made from 看不出原材料be made in+地点表产地15,cut down 砍到动副结构(代词必须放中间,名词可放中间或者后面)Unit 6 I m watching TV . 1,现在进行时其结构为 be的现在式( am, is, are)+ 现在分词( V-ing) 。否定形式在be后面加 not,疑问式将be 动词提前2,动词 -ing 形式的构成:一般情况 +ing;以不发音的e 结尾的,去e加 ing;重读闭音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母,双写辅音字母再加ing 3, go to the movies 看电影4, join sb for sth 与某人一起做某事join us for dinner 5, live with sb 与某人一起居住live in+ 地点6, other,another 与 the other Other “其他的,另外的” ,后接名词复数,有时 other+n 复数 =others Another “又一(个) ,另一(个)” ,泛指总数为三个或三个以上中的任意一个,后接名词单数 。The other“ (两者中的)另一个” ,常与 one 连用, “ one,the other, ”表示“一个, ,另一个, ”7, talk on the phone 电话里通话8, wish to do sth 希望做某事9, Here is+ n 单Here are+ n 复(倒装)Unit 7 It s raining! 1.询问天气的表达方式:How s the weather?It s a raining/sunny day.It s raining. 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 15 页 - - - - - - - - - - 第页6 Whats the weather like?It s windy.2, play computer games 玩电脑游戏3, How s it/ everything going ?=How have you been ?4, In/ at the park 在公园里5, Take a message for sb 替人留言Leave a message to sb 给人留言6, call sb back 给某人回电话7, right now ,right away,at once,in a minute, in a moment,in no time 立刻,马上8, right now 现在just now 刚刚(用于一般过去式)9, over and over again 一边又一边10,the answer to the question,a key to the door,a ticket to the ball game (to 特殊用法表示 , 的)11,by the pool 在水池边12,summer vacation 暑假13,go on a vacation 去度假be on a vacation 在度假14,write (a letter)to sb 给某人写信15,反意疑问句(陈述句+附加疑问句)反意疑问句中, 陈述句用的肯定,后面的附加疑问句就要用否定;相反,陈述句用的否定,附加疑问句就要用肯定。16,adj 以-ing 结尾“令人, 的” exciting ,interesting,relaxing 以-ed 结尾“人感到 , 的”excited,interested, relaxed 17,in the first picture 在第一副图片中18,dry 干燥的humid 潮湿的Unit 8 Is there a post office near here ?1,There is +单数可数名词/不可数名词 + 地点状语 . There are +复数名词 +地点状语 . 谓语动词要与跟它最近的那个名词一致(就近原则) 。There be 句型的否定式 在 be 后加上 not 或 no 即可 。注意 not 和 no 的不同: not 是副词, no 为形容词, not a/an/any + n. 相当于 no+ n.There be句型的一般疑问句变化是把be 动词调整到句首There be 表示 “ 某处存在某物或某人” ; have 表示 “ 某人拥有某物 /某人 ”2,问路: Is/Are there,near here/ around here/ in the neighborhood ? 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 6 页,共 15 页 - - - - - - - - - - 第页7 Where is/ are, ?How can I get to, ?Could/Can you tell me the way to ,Which is the way to,3,Across,cross,through, over Across 是介词,“横过,在对面”表示从物体表面穿过Cross 是动词,相当于go/ walk across Through 是介词,表示从物体中间或里面穿过go through the door Over 是介词,“横过,越过”表示从物体上空越过,跨过fly over 4,ask for help/ advice 向某人寻求帮助,建议5,in/ on the street 在街上6,在某条大街上习惯用介词on on Bridge Street 7,across from,next to,between,and, , behind 8,in front of 在, (外部的)前面behind 在 , 后面in the front of 在, (内部的)前面9,be in townbe out of town 在城镇里,外10,be far from 原理 ,11,go/ walk along go straight go up/ down 12,turn left/right 向右,左转13,on one s/ the left 在某人的左边14,at the first crossing/ turning 在第一个十字路口15,sometimes 有时(频度副词)sometime(将来)有朝一日, (曾经)某天Some times 几次,几倍some time 一段时间(前面用介词for)16,free 空闲的free time 自由的as free as a fish 免费的The best things in life are free. 17,enjoy doing 18,Time goes quickly. 19,表“一些”在肯定句中用some.在疑问句和否定句中用any。特殊用法: some可用于表示盼望得到对方肯定的答复或表示建议、委婉请求的疑问句中。any 也可用于肯定句中,表示任何的 。Unit 9 What does he look like? 1,what does he look like ?询问人长什么样,回答:主语+be+形容词 / 介词短语( he is tall/ of medium height ) ;主语 +have/has+形容词 +名词( she has long hair)what does sb like?询问某人喜欢什么2,多个形容词修饰名词多个形容词修饰名词,一般关系近的靠近名词;音节少的在前,音节多的在后。限定词 +数词(序前基后)+描绘性形容词+大小、长短、高低+新旧+颜色 +国籍 +材料 +名词3,May be 为情态动词 +动词原形,在句子中做谓语,maybe 是副词,表示可能,大概,一般精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 7 页,共 15 页 - - - - - - - - - - 第页8 放在句首。4,a little,little 修饰不可数名词,a little 表示一点点,little 表示几乎没有a few,few 修饰可数名词,a few 表示一点点,few 表示几乎没有5,Find 强调找到的结果,look for 强调寻找的过程. 6,问职业: what do you do?=what is your job ?7,the same as be different 8,long straight brown hair 顺序:数美小园旧黄法国木(书房 ) 9,最后 in the end(表事情结局)finally (强调次序) at last(强调经多番努力终于达成)By the end of 直到 , 为止At the end of 在, 末端/尽头Unit 10 I d like some noodles. 1, 名词可分为可数名词和不可数名词(不可数名词作主语,谓语动词用单数)。可数名词又分单数和复数。1 一般 +s;2 以-s,-x,-ch,sh结尾的名词 +es;3 辅音 +y, 把 y变 i, 再+es;4 以-o 结尾的,有生命的 +es (negro negroes ; heroheroes ; tomato tomatoes ;potato potatoes ) ;无生命的 +s;以 f ,fe 结尾的名词, 改 f ,fe 为 v+es(leaf leaves ;knife knives ) (例外: roofs ,chiefs )单复数同形:sheep,deer. 不规则变化 :man men ;woman women ;childchildren;foot feet ;tooth teeth等2,would like sth. 想要某物Woul d you like some ?你想要一些 吗? Yes, please./ No, thanks. would like to do sth. “想要做某事 ” 。Would you like to ? 你愿意去做 吗?Yes, Id like / love to./ I d like/ love to. But Im too busy.would like sb to do sth “想要某人做某事” 。3,order:order food take/ have one s order In order to 为了In the order 按顺序Order/ book a room 预定房间Order sb(not)to do sth 命令4,special 和 especial Special 特别的人或事物,特别的,特殊的,specials特色菜; specially 专门地,特地Especial 特别的,突出的,especially 特别,尤其5, the number of 表示“ , 的数量” ,后面接可数名词复数。做主语时,主语是number 而不是 of 后面的名词复数,因此谓语动词要用单数;a number of 表示“许多”, 相当于 many, 后面接可数名词复数,做主语时, 主语不是number而是 of 后面的名词复数,因此谓语动词要用复数。Number 前可用 large,great,small 修饰,不能用little 。6,仍然,还: still(肯定句)Yet(疑问句、否定句)精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 8 页,共 15 页 - - - - - - - - - - 第页9 7,one bowl of two bowls of 8,what size(+n)would you like ?Large/ medium/ small 9,what kind of 什么种类10,大: big 体格大、笨重small, little 形容具体的人或物Huge 物体体积巨大 =very big Large 物体面积、空间、范围、数量大small 不修饰人Great 重大事件或行为,伟大,具有感情色彩11,肯定句中表并列用and 否定句、疑问句中表并列用or 12,around the world= all over the world 13,make a wish 许愿14,blow out 吹灭15,in/ at one go 一口气16,get popular 受欢迎17,cut up(动副结构)切断18,bring good luck to 带给 , 好运19,different kinds of 不同种类20,be short of 缺乏Unit 11 How was your school trip? 1,一般过去时基本结构:主语+动词过去式 +其他;否定形式: was / were + not; 在行为动词前加didnt,同时还原动词;一般疑问句:Was/Were+主语 +其他? Did+ 主语 +动词原形 +其他?2,动词过去式规则变化:直接加ed;以不发音e 结尾的单词,直接加d;以辅音字母+y 结尾的,变y 为 i 加 ed;以元音字母+y 结尾的,直接加ed;以重读闭音节结尾的,双写最后的辅音字母+ed 不规则变化的动词过去式(见书本最后一页)3, How was your school trip?= what was your school trip like?4, Go for a walk 散步5, Milk a cow 挤奶6, Ride a horse 骑马7, Quite a lot 很多8, Show sb around 带某人参观9, 并列谓语的时态和数必须一致。10,In the countryside 在乡村11,after that 在那之后12,come out 出版,出来13,go on school trip 去学校旅行14,along the way 沿路15,buy/ get sb sth= buy/ get sth for sb 为某人买某物16,all in all 总的来说17,否定转移(主语为第一人称I 或者 we 时) think, believe,suppose 18,be interested in +n/ v-ing 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 9 页,共 15 页 - - - - - - - - - - 第页10 19,not at alll 一点也不;别客气not ,at all 一点也不,更本不20,diary entry 日记记载21,Something 意为“某事,有些事” ;anything 意为“任何事,任何东西”;everything 意为“每一件事” (其后的谓语动词要用单数);nothing 意为“没事,什么事都没有”。Unit 12 What did you do last weekend? 1, go+V-ing 与 do some +V-ing go+V-ing 表示“去从事某种活动” (一般指户外) go shopping/ swimming/ skating/ dancing/ skiing/ climbing/ camping/ hiking ,do some +V-ing 表示“从事某种活动”(一般指室内) do some writing/ washing/ cooking/ cleaning/ reading,2, go to the cinema 3, camp by the lake 4, study for a test 5, study for the English test 6, work as a guide 7, living habits 8, stay up late 9, shout at sb 因生气或愤怒向某人吼叫;shout to sb 对某人大声叫喊,目的是让人听见10,run away 10,fly a kite 11,adj 修饰不定代词adj 要放后面something important ,anything interesting 12,take sb to, 带某人去,13,put up tents 14,make a fire 15,on the first night 16,each other 17,get a terrible surprise 18,finish doing 19,look out of , 从, 朝外看(window ,door, )look out at sth 向外眺望,look out for 留神、注意、小心、关心20,feel/ watch/ see/ hear sb do sth 强调整个过程feel/ watch/ see/ hear sb doing sth 强调动作正在进行21,jump up and down 22,wake up 23,so +adj +that +结果状语从句“如此, 以致 , ”精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 10 页,共 15 页 - - - - - - - - - - 第页11 eg:I was so busy thatI didn t go to sleep for 3 days. The weather was so cold that they had to stay at home. The coat is so expensive thatI don t want to buy it. so that 引导目的状语从句,以便,为了(in order to)eg:they got up early so that they could catch the early bus. I raise my voice so that I can make myself heard. 不规则动词变化表一.A-A-A 型变化二A-B-A 型变化动词原形过去式过去分词基本含义hit hit hit 打, 击 (新词)hurt hurt hurt 伤害(新词)come came come 到来; 出现run ran run 跑; 奔跑; (颜色)褪色三.A-B-B 型变化动词原形过去式过去分词基本含义bring brought brought 带来; 引起; 产生buy bought bought 购买; 采购catch caught caught 接住; 抓住; 赶上; 染上dig dug dug 挖(土) ; 掘(地)feel felt felt 触摸(某物) ; 感觉到get got got/gotten 收到; 接到; 得到; 成为have/has had had 有; 吃; 喝; 进行; 经受hear heard heard 听见; 听说; 得知动词原形过去式过去分词基本含义cut cut cut 切, 割, 砍cost cost cost 价值为 ; 花费; 使付出put put put 放; 摆; 装入read read read 阅读; 朗诵精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 11 页,共 15 页 - - - - - - - - - - 第页12 keep kept kept 留下; 保留; 继续leave left left 离开; 把留下 ; 剩下lose lost lost 失去; 丧失; 损失make made made 做; 制作; 制造; 使得meet met met 遇见; 碰见(某人) ; 相遇say said said 说; 讲sell sold sold 卖, 销售sit sat sat 坐; 就座sleep slept slept 睡; 睡觉; 睡着smell smelt smelt 闻出, 嗅; 散发气味stand stood stood 站立; 直立; 位于; 经受teach taught taught 教, 教授; 传授think thought thought 想, 思考; 认为tell told told 告诉; 讲述; 吩咐understand understood understood 懂; 理解; 领会win won won 赢; 获胜; 赢得; 获得四.A-B-C 型变化动词原形过去式过去分词基本含义are were been am / is was been 有; 存在; 是; 成为break broke broken 打破(断 , 碎); 损坏; 撕开do did done 做; 干drink drank drunk 喝, 饮drive drove driven 驾驶(车) ; 驱赶eat ate eaten 吃fall fell fallen 落下; 跌落; 降落; 倒fly flew flown 飞; 飞行; 飘动; 空运; 放forget forgot forgotten 忘记; 遗忘; 忽视give gave given 送给; 授予; 供给; 递给go went gone 去; 离去; 行驶; 遇到; 到达know knew known 知道; 懂得; 了解; 认识精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 -