2022年中考英语期末复习资料考点解读.docx
精品学习资源最新 2021中考英语考点解读(考前必看)一单项挑选方面冠词: 冠词: ( 1) a/an 的区分: 留意以 “ U开”头的单词;假如发字母u 本身的音 /ju :/ ,前面加 a. 如.a useful book,a university, . a usual chair ; 假如发以外的音, 前面加 an:如an unusual chair, an unimportant,an umbrella, 常考仍有 an honest boy . a European country(2) 球类 ,棋类运动和三餐饭前不加 theplay football ,play chess.have breakfast. 西洋乐器前加 the play the violin ,play the piano(3)高难度竞赛题a“ u”;an“ h”;an “ s”;an “ x”连词 ( 1) 连词现象: Although,though与 but通常不连用; because 与 so 不连用 ;if 假如与 then 不连用; ( 2) 就近一样连词 neither.nor , either.or ,not only.but also not.but. there be 句型( 3) 句型转换常见的: 连接句子与 to do 形式 ,because +句子(有完整主谓结构) because of +介词宾语(名词等),in order to do in order not to do 和 in order that + 句子, so as to 和 so as that +句子 ,so.that + 句子 与 too.to do 及 enough to do ,so good a book that + 句子与 such a good book that+ 句子 so good that+ 句子 (4) 重要联词的应用 最近中招常考unless( =if not 除非, or 否就(威逼, 劝说), as if / as though 似乎),even if / even though 即使), not.until 直到 .才 ,介词 (1) 介词 +doing 介词 + 代词宾格形式Neither of us is late. The book is for you. Theknife is used for cutting things. Tom is sitting between him and me.(禁用 “ I ”) 关联记忆:介意 Mind + doing Would you mind my smoking here? ( 2) on in at的用法:表时间: on 天优先, 只要涉及天的概念就用on) in 时段) at (时刻) ; ; on the morning of April 1st.on a rainy night在一个雨天的夜晚at the same time ( 3) 表相伴: with / without,或 doing She is a girl with long hair. She is a girl wearing a new dress.(4)表方式: by bike ,on foot没有冠词 “ a或”名词复数 What time is it by your watch. . The欢迎下载精品学习资源boss pays us by week. He beat her with a book.(with 后要带 a 或复数) speak in English Write in ink ( 5)介词(不加 the )+名词 at table 在桌旁,且在吃饭(两层意思) at the table 在桌旁,详细干什么不清晰 in hospital (生病住院)和 in the hospital (在医院)的区分名词 (1) 单复数特别变化: 男 man-men 、女 woman-women 、脚 foot-feet 、牙 tooth-teeth 、鹅 goose-geese、孩子 child-children 、 people(可数名词) ,sheep, deer(鹿) fish 单复数同形;中日不变, 英法变, 其余后面加 sAmericans,Germans (2 ) 名词的复数重心转移: Thisis an old pair of shoes. I want a new pair . ( 3) 带性别的复合词组: 有 woman 和 man 两个表示性别的词做定语修饰后面的名词时变复数,两者同时变复数; 2 women (变) doctors(变), 4 men teachers,6 bus lines (只变最终一词)动词 (1)动词变化三大黄金法就:主谓一样 ,就近一样, 双动词关系 主谓一样:谓语动词跟着主语发生变化 第三人称单数现象(集体名词做主语) Our class are playing footballnow 与人有关的动作) Our class is a small one 整体 主谓一样之就近一样 (必考) : There be 句型、 Either or 、Neither.nor.、not only.but also. Not only they but also I am wrong.时态一样:从句与主句时态一样He said he had been there for an hour. He said the sunis bigger than the moon. 自然规律自然现象用一般现在时态 He said the moon is running around the earth. 错误,应改为一般现在时态 时态一样之时态变异 (必考) : A瞬时动词的 -ing 形式表将来The plane is taking off in an hour. The old man is dying. (将要死了)B条件状语从句:一般现在时表将来I don't know if he will come tomorrow. If he comes, I will call you. Iwill ring you as soon as I finish my work. I won t go out until my hom典e型wo考rk题is:done.AI will go swimming. B If you go, so will I. 双动词关系:单句中,如有两个 动词( be 动词, 行为动词, 不包括助动词),他们的关系有四种:and连接连接两个动词 动作先后或并列发生,前后形式一样有些动词如forget 、remember欢迎下载精品学习资源等词后接 to do 表示动作未做,预备做改为 doing 动作正在做或已做某些动词后改为-ed 形式 后一动作被动发生特例: *使、让( make , let , have ) 主动不带 to , 被动带 to make sb. do /make sb not do/bemade to do let sb. do * The teacher asked the students to stop talking and to listen to her. * I have my carrepaired.(我请人修理了我的车;车被人修) I have repaired my car. 我修理了我的车; 现在完成时态 I have him repair my car.( 我让他修我的车; Have sb. do sth)动词分类 与句型转换 be 动词 am, is, are, was, were 助动词( 1)do, does, did 帮忙行为动词做句型转换( 2) have, has, had will, would, shall, should帮忙表时态 ( 3) can, may, must, need 帮忙表情态行为动词 like, cry, smile. 等等 占 99% 行为动词的全部句型转换均需do 家族三兄弟 do、does 或 did 帮忙 Be 动词、助动词不需任何帮忙 I don't have lunch at home. Neither do you. ( 前后主语不一样, Neither do you 主谓倒装) I have been here an hour. So have you. (前后主语不一样, Neither do you 主谓倒装) A I bought a new book ,Tom. BSo you did.I 和 you 指同一个人,主谓不倒装 ( 3) 中学重点动词短语 四个 to 后接ing 形式的短语( to 在该短语中作介词用) prefer doing sth.to doing sth. prefer to do sth. rather thando sth.like . better than.-prefer to do sth.be used to doing 习惯于 .) used to do(过去通常) be used to do (被用来做 .)look forward to doing 希望 make a contribution todoing 实行措施 / 为.做奉献 重要短语或相关词turn on, turn off, turn up, turn down ,take off , land on ,put on, wear, dress, wear out, in red, eat up, sell out, put away, put off人花费spend. in doing sth;spend on sth;pay. for. ;payment酬劳, repay to 回复物花费 It takes. to do cost cost价值 speak in English, say it in English,say a wordtell a story/joke, talkabout sth. 、 talk with sb.、talk to sb. ( 4) 表事物特点常用一般现在时The pen writes well. The music sounds nice. The food tastes nice. The book sells well.欢迎下载精品学习资源形容词、副词 (1)比较 A=B as +原形 + as / not as so. + 原形 +. as.AB more.than. 比较级标志词 thanA< B less.than. 最高级 典型标志词 : in ,of , among最高级和比较级的转换: The Changjiang River is the longest river in China. The ChangjiangRiver is longer than any欢迎下载精品学习资源other river in China. The ChangjiangRiver is longer than any river in India. A用比较级说明句 B欢迎下载精品学习资源子 This food isn't so delicious as that food. This food is less delicious than this food.或 That food is more delicious than this food.必需把握的修饰比较级的四个词:much, a little, even, farHe is much taller than Tom.比较级、最高级的不规章变化:口诀:两病两多并两好,距离老远少迟到bad/badly/ill: worse worstmuch/many: more mostgood/well: betterbestfar :farther farthest-further furthestold : older oldest- elder eldestlittle :less least后接形容词的动词 be 动词 感官动词 :look taste smell feel sound使和让: make let变与不变: get go change turn keep remain He looks tired The food tastes nice so it sells well.特别句型:比较级 and 比较级 . 越来“越 .” more and more 越来越多 He is growing taller and taller.The +比较级, the + 比较级 . 越“.越. ” The sooner you come, the earlier we would arrive.She can't be more beautiful. ( 她美丽极了; ) I have never seen a more beautiful girl. She can't help crying.( can t help doing忍不住) She can't wait to open the box. can t wait todo 迫不及待数词 分数 three sixths= 3/6 three and three is six 3+3=6 I want a few more. 仍要一点 oncemore.再来一遍 two books more再来两本书 a quarter =1 /4 three quarters / three fourths = 3/4 200 个 two hundred几百个: hundreds of代词 介词/ 代词宾格形式 all of us, each of them反身代词:help yourself to .,Tom./help yourselves to., boys. /I study for myself.宾语与主语指向一样,用反身代词物主代词:欢迎下载精品学习资源yours = your bookThank you = Thanks * something nice/ something else * another 是 an other 的缩写 others = other booksone. the other. I have two books. One is old, the other is new. 总数为 2 ,2-1=1 ,后面的数量为精确的 1 20. the others. There are forty people in the room.Ten of them are Young, the others are old. 总数精确, 20-10=10,后面的数量也为精确且超过1 some. others. There are a lot of people in the room. Some are Young, others are old. 总数不精确,后面的数量也为不精确不定代词作主语,谓语动词用第三人称单数eg. Is everyone here No, they aren t.some water一些水 someone 某个人 sometimes 的意思是 “有时 ”,是副词(相当与 at times ,和 always,often,usually 等词用法相同) sometime 也是副词, 意思是 “在某个时候 ”;可用于一般过去时与将来时(不定代词,和somebody 等一样) .some time 是名词短语,它的意思是“一段时间 ”time 是不行数名词 ,后面不加 s ;some times 也是一个名词短语, time 在这里用作可数名词,意思是“次数 ”;把握技巧 :1few和 little 的区分 :有就是有,没有就是没有, few 修饰可数名词复数, little 修饰不行数名词; 带有 a表示有一些, 确定 a few book s 有一些书fewbooks 没有书 alittlewater一些水littlewater没有水 记: fewfewer fewestlittle lessleast(2) too much太多,常修饰不行数名词 too many太多 常修饰可数名词复数much too太多,常修饰形容词或放动词后面 many too (错误书写)把前面的词划掉,后 面的接什么,合起来就可以接什么(3) 英语的 “两个与三个 ”两个都 both (作主谓用复)两个都不neither (作主谓用单)两者中任何一个 either三个都 all 三者中任何一个any 两者之间 between三者之间among(4) 也 either,too ,also,as well as .eg.You like English,I like it ,too. You aren t right, I m not, either. He can also swim. He as well as you is late. 留意非 and 连接,依据主语He 打算谓语动词形式 欢迎下载精品学习资源(5) 宾语从句 :动词+w/h 疑问词 + 主 + 谓( 宾语从句一般不用疑问语气(疑问词放在从句 句首,但主谓不倒装) ) 正: He asked me where I had been the day before.误: He asked me where had I been the day before.此类宾语从句也可以替换成:动词+w/h 疑问词 +to do.(6) 语交际三大原就 : 学会道谢;学会赔礼;学会观赏和怜悯;礼貌原就 学会道谢 别人帮了忙,要感谢; 别人没帮上忙,也要感谢, 如说 “ Thank you all the same;受”到别人的赞扬,也要感谢;学会赔礼 没帮上别人的忙,要赔礼;弄错了,要赔礼;学会表示祝愿、观赏和怜悯别人干得好,要给与颂扬;别人开头干某事,要给与祝愿;别人遇到不幸的事,要表示怜悯,如“ I am sorry to hear that;”(7) How 和 what 引导的感叹句:How形容词 / 副词主语谓语! (主谓可省略) What a/an 形容词可数名词(单数)主语谓语.(主谓可省) What 形容词可数名词复数(或不行数名词)主语谓语!留意: What 感叹不行数名词时,名词前面不能加不定冠词a/an;eg. What a good news it is.类似的有: What bad weather .What hard work.What delicious food. 等(8) there be句型 就近一样原就,与have 表示 “有”的区分; There be 句型不能同时和have 一起使用; Eg.There is going to be a basketball game here tomorrow.(9) 三大从句 名词性从句(主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句)可用 “什么 ”代替 诀窍:缺啥补啥, 啥都不缺填 that从句为疑问, 基本语序为: 8w ,8h,if或 whether+ 主语 +谓语 定语从句 起限定作用,可用 “哪一个 ”之类的词代替先行词 +连接词 +句子 连接词: 没有what状语从句 表达大事发生的时间、地点、缘由、目的等背景因素单项挑选做题要点: 先看选项,认清是什么考点,考什语法点或学问点;再读题进行斟酌;做题速度2 题/ 分钟; 完型填空(先通读文章后填选项)二.完型填空 (先通读文章后填选项) 此类文章词汇一般较简洁; 仔细琢磨第一段第一句话的大意;弄清全文何时、 何欢迎下载精品学习资源地、 何人、何事四大要素之后才填选项;如考语法,就应用语法学问;切忌未通读文章前边看边填;留意上下文的关联,特别留意文中 so、 and、 but等连词透漏出的答案信息;阅读懂得 (先看选项, 再在原文找答案)三. 阅读懂得(先看选项, 再在原文找答案)A、B 两篇,不能失分划出文章中的重点句子C、篇,拔高篇划出考题中的对应词有疑问的地方作好标记以便回头检查实 在 是 看 不 懂 原 文 , 就 采 取 蒙 的 办 法 选择 所 有 最 长 的 选 项 ( 正 确 率 在 40% 80%) ; 四. 完成句子 读原句 识别考点 识别考点 书写时留意动词的三大黄金法就:A 类 中学重点句型的对应1 Whatdo you think of . How do you like. -How do you feel about 2 What is it like How is it 3 Spend doing sth spend Onsth.sth. cost sb. It take sb. todo pay .for 4 more than not as. as .less than. not so/as.as 5最高级 比较级 6 too .+adj.+. to not+相反 adj.+enough to so .+adj.+that can't. 7 so good a book such a good book 8 hearfrom receive letters from 9 be afraid of doing be afraid to do(10) It's time for sth.It's time to do sth. 11prefer doing to doing prefer to do rather than dolike . better than 12have a good time enjoy oneself have fun 13 形式主语 it+ 谓语 +adj +to do sth :To learn English is very important. It代替作形式主语It is very important to learnEnglish . 形式宾语的句子主语 +谓语+ it +adj +to do sth. :I think it very important that we take part in the discussion. make,think,feel,find14What is wrong with youWhat is the matter with you 15be busy doing sth.be busy with sth. 16What a good book it is.How good the book is. 17Why notgo with usWhy don't yougo with us 18Hurry up, or you'll be lateIfyou don't hurry up, you'll. 19borrow fromlend to 20 间接引语变直接引语:“一主二宾三不变 ”B 类 单句复合句1 not.until 2 both.and .neither .nor . not only.but also. 3 What to do how to do itI don't know what I should do. =I don't know what to do. =I don't know how to do it.C 类 句意说明 He is the same height as me. He is as tall as me. He founded thecompany He is the founder of the company. 五.作文 六. 听力 . 加大词汇和句型基础 ,肯定要娴熟;答题前快速看完相关选项;欢迎下载精品学习资源2021 中考英语重点语法汇总欢迎下载精品学习资源(一)、 动词 +介词 1look at看,look like看上去像 ,look for查找 look through浏欢迎下载精品学习资源欢迎下载精品学习资源览 look after照料 2listen to听 3welcome to 欢迎到 4say hello to向问欢迎下载精品学习资源好 5 speak to对 说话 6.get over此类短语相当于及物动词,其后必需带宾语,但宾语无论是名词仍是代词, 都要放在介词之后; 如: This is my new bike. Please look it after.× This欢迎下载精品学习资源is my new bike. Please look after it.( 二)、动词+副词 “动词 +副词 ”所构成的短语义分为欢迎下载精品学习资源两类: A动词( vt. )+副词 1put on穿上 2take off脱下 3write down登记 此类短语可以带宾语,宾语如是名词,放在副词前后皆可;宾语如是人称代词,只能放在副词的前面;试比较:First listen to the tape, then write down the answer/write theanswer down. First listen to the answer, then write down it.× First listen to the answer, then write it down.B动词( vi)+副词; 1 come on 赶快 2 get up 起床 3 go home 回家 4come in进来 5 sit down坐下 6 stand up起立 此类短语属于不及物动词,不行以带宾语;(三)、其它类动词词组1.close the door 2.1ook the same 3.go to work/class 4.be ill 5.have a look/seat 6.have supper 7.1ook young 8.go shopping 9.watch TV/games 10. play games介词短语聚焦 “介词 +名词 / 代词 ”所构成的短语称为介词短语;现将Unitsl-16常用的介词短语按用 法进行归类;1 in+语言 / 颜色 / 衣帽等,表示使用某种语言或穿着;如: inEnglish,in the hat 2 in + Row/ Team/ Class/ Grade 等,表示 “在 排/ 队/班级 / 年级 ”等; 3in the morning/afternoon/evening/表示 “在上午 / 下午 / 傍晚 ”等一段时间;4 in thedesk/ pencil-box/bedroom等表示 “在书桌 / 铅笔盒 / 卧房里 ”; 5in the tree表示 “在树上非树本身全部 ”;on the tree表示 “在树上 为树本身所 有 ”;如:There are some in the tree. There are many apples on the trees. 6 in the wall表示 “在墙上(凹陷进去) ”; on the wall表示 “在墙上(指墙的表面) ”; 如:There re four windows in the wall, and there is a map on the back wall.7 at work (在工作) /at school (上学) /at home (在家)应留意此类短语中无the; 8at欢迎下载精品学习资源+ 时刻表示钟点; 如:at six, at half , past ten. 9 like this/that表示方式, 意为 “像这/ 那样 ”;10 of 短语表示所属关系;如:a picture of a classroom, a map of China. 11 behind/ beside/ near/ under+名词等,表示方位、处所;如:beside/ near the door, under/ behind the tree.12from与 to多表示方向, 前者意为 “从 ”,后者意为 “到”;如:from one to ten, go to school/ bed/ work.另外,以下这些短语也必需把握;如:on duty, after breakfast, at night, at the door, in the middle,in the sky, on one等s ;bike重点句型大回放1 I think意为 “我认为 ”,是对某人或某事的看法或态度的一种句型;其否定式常用 I don t think,如:I think he s MarnZg.hL17Idon t think you are right.2give sth. to sb./ give sb. sth.意为 “把给”,动词 give 之后可接双宾语, 可用这两种句型; 如指物的宾语是人称代词时, 就只能用 give it/ them to sb.如:His parents give him a nice purse./His parents give a nice purse to him. Give it to Mr Hu.L573take sb./ sth. to意为 “把 送带到 ”,后常接地点, 也可接人; 如: Please take the newbooks to the classroom. 4 One , the other /Oneis andone is 意为 “一个是 ;另一个 是”,必需是两 者中;如: One is red and one is grey.L50 或 One is red, the other is grey. 5Let sb. do sth. 意为 “让某人做某事 ”,人后应用不带to的动词不定式, 其否定式为 Don tlet sb,do sth. ,或 Let sb. not do sth.另外, Let 与sLet us 的含义不完全相同,前者包括听者在内, 后者不包括听者在内,如:Let s go for a walk./Let us try once more, please. 6 help sb. to do sth./help sb. with sth.意为 “帮忙某人做某事 ”,前者用不定式作宾补,后者用介词短语作宾补, 二者可以互换; Let me help you find it.L42/Let me help you with it.如: 7What about ? /How about?意为 “怎么样? ”是用来询问或征求对方的观点、意 见、 看法等;about为介词, 其后须接名词、 代词或 V-ing 等形式; What/How playing chess如: 8It stime to do / It s time f意or为sth“.该做 的时间了 ”,其中 to后须接原形动词,for后可接名词或V-ing 形式;如: It s time to have supper. =It s tiemr.e9for sluikpepto do sth./like欢迎下载精品学习资源doing sth. 意为 “喜爱做某事 ” 如: Lei and his friends like to play in the , Li tree house. L 43 前一种句型侧重详细的一次性的动作;后一种句型侧重习惯性的动作,试 比较: Tom likes swimming, but doesn t like to swim this afternoon.a1s0k sb.not to do sth. 意为 “让某人 不要做某事 ”,其中 ask sb.后应接动词不定式,如: Ask your friends to guess what is in it. L4411. show sb. sth. / show sth. to do. 意为 “把某物给某人看 ”,该句型的用法同前面第 2 点;如: Show your friend your family photo. ( L36) /Show your family photo