2022年人教版九级英语单词,短语,句型,语法总结.docx

Unit1 How can we become good learners.【重点短语】1. have conversation with sb. 同某人谈话2. too to 太 而不能3. the secret to的要领4. be afraid of doing sth./ be afraid to do sth. 可怕做某事5. look up 查阅6. repeat out loud 大声跟读7. make mistakes in 在 方面犯错误8. connect with 把 和 连接/联系起来9. get bored 感到厌烦10. be stressed out 焦虑担心的11. pay attention to 留意；关注12. depend on 取决于；依靠13. the ability to do sth.做某事的才能【考点详解】1. by + doing 通过 方式（ by 是介词,后面要跟动名词,也就是动词的ing 形式）2. talk about 谈论,谈论,争论The students often talk about movie after class. 同学们常常在课后争论电影；talk to sb= talk with sb 与某人说话3. 提建议的句子： What/ how about +doing sth. 做 怎么样？（ about 后面要用动词的 ing 形式,这一点考试考的比较多） 如： What/ How about going shopping. Why don't you + do sth.你为什么不做 ？如： Why don't you go shopping. Why not + do sth. .为什么不做 ？ 如： Why not go shopping. Let's + do sth. 让我们做 . 吧；如： Let's go shopping Shall we/I + do sth. 我们 /我.好吗？ 如： Shall we/I go shopping.4. a lot 很多,常用于句末；如： I eat a lot. 我吃了很多；5. too to太. .而不能常用的句型： too+形容词 /副词+ to do sth.如： I'm too tired to say anything. 我太累了,什么都不想说；6. aloud, loud 与 loudly 的用法,三个词都与 “大声 ”或“洪亮 ”有关； aloud 是副词,通常放在动词之后； loud 可作形容词或副词；用作副词时,常与speak, talk, laugh 等动词连用,多用于比较级,须放在动词之后；如： She told us to speak a little louder. 她让我们说大声一点； loudly 是副词,与 loud 同义,有时两者可替换使用,可位于动词之前或之后；如： He does not talk loudly or laugh loudly in public.他不当众大声谈笑；7. not at a一ll 点也不,根本不如： I like milk very much, but I don't like coffee at all.我特别喜爱牛奶,但是我一点也不喜爱咖啡；not 常常可以和助动词结合在一起,at all 就放在句尾；8. be/get excited about sth. 对 .感到兴奋9. end up doing sth 终止做某事,终止做某事如： The party ended up singing. 晚会以唱歌而终止； end up with sth. 以 终止（留意介词 with ）如： The party ended up with her singing. 晚会以她的唱歌而告终；10. first of all 第一（这个短语可用在作文中,使得文章有层次）11. also 也、而且（用于确定句）常在句子的中间either 也（用于否定句）常在句末too 也 （用于确定句）常在句末（它们三个的区分要清晰,特殊要知道用在什么句子中以及各自的位置）12. make mistakes 犯错如： I often make mistakes. 我常常犯错；make a mistake 犯一个错误如： I have made a mistake.我已经犯了一个错误；13. laugh at sb. 笑话；取笑（某人）（常见短语） 如： Don't laugh at me. 不要取笑我！14. take notes 做笔记,做记录15. enjoy doing sth . 喜爱做 ,愿意做 （这是一个特别重要的考点） 如： She enjoys playing football. 她喜爱踢足球；enjoy oneself 过得开心如： He enjoyed himself. 他过得开心；16. native speaker说本族语的人17. make up 组成、构成18. one of +（ the+ 形容词最高级） +名词复数形式 :其中之一（这一题主要考两点,一是最高级,一是名词复数,大家做题的时候要当心）如： She is one of the most popular teachers.她是最受欢迎的老师之一；19. It's +形容词 +（ for sb. ） to do sth （对于某人来说）做某事 如： It's difficult（ for me ） to study English. 对于我来说学习英语太难了；句中的 it 是形式主语,真正的主语是to study English ；20. practice doing 练习做某事 （ practice 后面接动名词,这一点有可能考到） 如： She often practice speaking English. 她常常练习说英语；21. decide to do sth. 打算做某事（重要考点,大家需要记住decide 后面跟的是不定式,也就是to do） 如： LiLei has decided to go to BeiJing . 李雷已经打算去北京；22. unless 假如不,除非,引导条件状语从句如： You will fail unless you work hard.假如你不努力你就会失败；23. deal with 处理如： I dealt with a lot of problem.24. worry about sb./ sth. 担忧某人 /某事如： Mother worried about his son just now. 妈妈刚才担忧他的儿子；25. be angry with sb. 对某人愤怒26. perhaps = maybe 或许27. go by （时间） 过去 .如： Two years went by. 两年过去了；28. see sb / sth doing观察某人正在做某事（假如是看到正在做什么,要用动词ing 形式,考的较多的也是动词 ing 形式）如： She saw him drawing a picture in the classroom. 她观察他正在教室里画画；29. each other 彼此30. regard as；把 .看作为 .如： The boys regarded Anna as a fool. 这些男孩把安娜看成傻瓜；31. too many 很多,修饰可数名词如： too many girlstoo much 很多,修饰不行数名词如： too much milk （要区分 too many 和 too much 只要记住它们修饰什么词就可以了）much too 太,修饰形容词如： much too beautiful （ too much 和 much too 意思不同,大家不要混淆它们的意思,这种单词简单出解析题）32. change into将 变为33. with the help of sb. = with one's help在某人的帮忙下（留意介词of 和 with ,简单出题） 如： with the help of LiLei = with LiLei's help在李雷的帮忙下34. compare to 把比作 .（另外,大家要留意另一个短语,compare.with.,这也是一个重要的短语,意思是：拿 和比较）35. instead 代替 用在句末,副词instead of sth/doing sth 代替,而不是 （这个地方考的较多的就是instead of doing sth,也是就说假如 of 后面跟动词,要用动名词形式,也就是动词的ing 形式）如： I will go instead of you.我将代替你去；Unit2 I think that moon cakes are delicious.【短语归纳】1. the Lantern Festival 元宵节2. the Dragon Boat Festival 端午节3. the Water Festival 泼水节4. be fun to watch 看着很有意思5. eat five meals a day 一天吃五餐6. put on five pounds 体重增加了五磅7. in two weeks 两星期之后8. be similar to. 与相像17. end up 最终成为 ; 最终处于18. share sth. with sb. 与 共享19. as a result 结果20. dress up乔装装扮21. haunted house鬼屋22. call out 大声呼喊23. remind sb. of 使某人想起24. sound like 听起来像25. treat sb. with. 用/以 对待某人26. the beginning of new life 新生命的开头【考点详解】1. What + an + 形容词 + 可数名词的单数形式 +主语+谓语 +其他）！多么 的.2. How + 形容词 /副词（ +主语 +谓语+其他）！ 多么 .3. be going to 将要 /准备4. in + 时间段 在 后5. give sb. sth.=give sth. to sb. 给某人某物；把某物给某人6. plan to do sth. 方案做某事7. refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事8. one of + 名词复数形式 之一【重点语法】一. 宾语从句宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语；三大考点：引导词、时态和语序；其中,语序必需是陈述句语序；1. 常由下面的一些词引导：由 that 引导,表示陈述意义, that 可省略He says that he is at home.他说他在家里；由 if , whether 引导,表示一般疑问意义 带有是否、已否、对否等 I don t know if / whether Wei Hua likes fish我. 不知道韦华是否喜爱鱼；由连接代词、连接副词 疑问词 引导,表示特殊疑问意义Do you know what he wants to buy.你知道他想要买什么吗？2. 从句时态要与主句一样当主句是一般现在时,从句依据情形使用任何时态当主句是一般过去时,从句应使用过去某时态一般过去时,过去进行时,过去将来时,过去完成时 He said that he was at home. 他说他在家里；I didn t know that she was singing no我w不. 知道她正在唱歌；She wanted to know if I had finished m homework.她想要知道我是否已经完成了我的作业；Did you know when he would be back. 你知道他将会什么时候回来？二. 感叹句感叹句是表达喜、怒、哀、乐以及诧异、诧异等剧烈感情的句子；感叹句通常由 what 或 how 引导；现分述如下：1. 由 what 引导的感叹句,其句子结构可分为以下三种：可用句型： “ What + a/an形容词可数名词单数主语谓语+ 其他！ ”；如：What a nice present it is. 它是一件多么好的礼物啊！可用句型： “ What形容词可数名词复数主语谓语+ 其他！ ”；如：What beautiful flowers they are. 多么美丽的花啊！可用句型： “ What形容词不行数名词主语谓语+ 其他！ ”；如：What fine weather it is today. 今日天气多好啊！2. 由 how 引导的感叹句,其句子结构也分为三种：可用句型： “ How形容词 / 副词主语谓语 + 其他！ ”；如：How careful she is. 她多么细心啊！How fast he runs. 他跑得多快啊！可用句型： “ How形容词 a/an 可数名词单数主语谓语！”；如：How beautiful a girl she is.她是个多么美丽的姑娘啊！可用句型： “ How主语谓语！ ”；如： How time flies. 光阴似箭！3. 由 what 引导的感叹句与由 how 引导的感叹句有时可以转换,但句中部分单词的次序要有所变化；如：How beautiful a girl she is. What a beautiful girl she is.What delicious cakes these are. How delicious these cakes are.Unit3 Could you please tell me where the restrooms are.【重要短语】1. used to do sth. 过去常常做某事2. be afraid of 可怕3. from time to time 常常；有时4. turn red 变红5. take up 开头做,从事,占据（时间、空间）6. deal with 应付；应对7. not any mor不e 再8. tons of attention 很多关注9. worry about 担忧10. be careful 当心11. hang out 闲逛12. give up 舍弃13. thank about 考虑14. a very small number of15. be alone 独处16. give a speech做演讲极少数的 【考点详解】1. 问路常用的句子：Do you know where is .Can you tell me how can I get to？Could you tell me how to get to？ Can/Could/Will/Would you please tell me sth.表示特别客气地询问事情 Could you tell me how to get to the park.请你告知我怎么才能去邮局好吗？上面句子中的 how to get to the park 是疑问词与动词不定式连用,用作宾语,但不是宾语从句（这一点要搞清晰,它不是宾语从句）,相当于how I can get to the park（宾语从句）I don't know how to solve the problem=I don't know how I can solve the problem.我不知道如何解决这个问题Can you tell me when to leave. =Can you tell me when I will leave.你能告知我什么时候离开？2. 日常交际用语：take the elevator / escalator to the乘电梯/自动flo扶or梯到 楼turn left / right = take a left / right向左 / 右转go straight 向前直走（ straight 这个词常常考）3. next to 旁边、紧接着（常见短语）Lily is next to Ann.莉莉就在安的旁边；4. between and在和 之间Lily is between Ann and Tom. 莉莉就在安和汤姆的之间；5. Is that a good place to hang out. 那是不是一个闲荡的好地方？上面句子中的 to hang out 修饰前面的名词place,是不定式作定语；6. expensive 贵的反义词： inexpensive 不贵的7. crowded 拥挤的 反义词： uncrowded 不拥挤的8. take a vacation = go on a vacation 去度假9. dress up 装扮dress up as装扮成He wanted to dress up as Father Christmas.他想要装扮成圣诞老人；10. on the beach 在海滩上,介词用 on11. depend on 依据、依靠、依靠、取决于Living things depend on the sunlight. 生物对阳光有依靠性；That depends on how you did it. 那取决于你怎样做这件事；12. prefer 动词,更喜爱、宁愿,常用的结构有：prefer sth. 更喜爱某事I prefer English. 我更喜爱英语；prefer doing/to do 宁愿做某事I prefer sitting/ to sit. 我宁愿坐着；prefer sth to sth. 同相比更喜爱 I prefer dogs to cats. 与猫相比我更喜爱狗；prefer doing sth to doing sth 宁愿做某事而不愿做某事I prefer walking to sitting.我宁愿走路也不愿坐着；prefer to do sth rather than do sth 宁愿做某事而不愿做某事I prefer to work rather than be free. 我宁愿工作而不愿闲着；（我再次强调一下, prefer 的用法真的很重要,这不是开玩笑）13. on the other hand 另一方面（一方面： on one hand. 对于这样的短语大家完全可以放在作文中,这样可以使文章增色不少）14. 把 借给某人： lend sb. sth. = lend sth to sb.（反义词： borrow.from. ）Lily lent me her book = Lily lent her book to me .莉莉把她的书借给了我；15. I'm sorry to do sth. 对做某事我觉得很愧疚、难过；16. in a way 在某种程度说17. in order to do srh 为了 , 表目的；He got up early in order to catch the first bus. 他起早床,是为了赶上头班公共汽车；18. 同级比较： as as.as + 形容词 / 副词原级 + as , 表示 “和一样的 ”He works as hard as we.他工作和我们同样努力；【重点语法】 宾语从句（见 Unit2 重点语法部分）Unit4 I used to be afraid of the dark.【重点短语】1. be more interested in 对更感爱好2. on the swim team 游泳队的队员3. be terrified of 可怕4. gym class 体操课5. worry about 担忧6. all the time 始终,总是7. chat with 与闲聊8. hardly ever 几乎从不9. walk to school = go to school on foot 步行去上学take the bus to school = go to school by bus 乘车去上学10. as well as 不仅 而且.【考点详解】1. used to do sth. 过去常常做某事 这个学问点考的很多,大家要留意这个短语的意思,仍要记着used后面用的是不定式 to do如： He used to play football after school.放学后他过去常常踢足球；2. play the piano 弹钢琴（ play 后面假如跟西洋乐器,大家记住,中间要加the,假如是中国乐器,不加the, 如： play erhu）3. be interested in sth. 对感爱好 be interested in doing sth. 对做 感爱好 对于这两个用法大家肯定要把握,切记切记如： He is interested in math, but he isn't interested in speaking English. 他对数学感爱好,但是他对说英语不感爱好；4. interested adj. 感爱好的,指人对某事物感爱好,往往主语是人interesting adj. 好玩的,指某事物 /某人具好玩味,主语往往是物（对于interested 和 interesting 要区分清晰,一个主语往往是人,一个主语往往是物）5. be terrified of sth. 可怕 如： I am terrified of the dog.be terrified of doing sth. 可怕做 如： I am terrified of speaking.6. spend 动词,表示 “花费金钱、时间 ”（ spend和 pay for 它们的主语都是人,这一点大家要清晰） spendon sth. 在某事上花费（金钱、时间）（重要考点） spend（ in ）doing sth. 花费（金钱、时间）去做某事（重要考点,特殊要留意动名词,也就是动词的ing形式）如： He spends too much time on clothes. 他花费太多的时间在衣着上；He spend 3 months in building the bridge.他花费了三个月去建这座桥；7. take : 动词 ,有“花费时间 ”的意思,常用的结构有：It takes sb to do sth. 做某事花费某人多长时间（在这个用法中,主语常常是it ,这一点要清晰,大家认真看一下下面的例子）；如： It takes me a day to read the book.8. chat with sb. 与某人闲聊如： I like to chat with him.我喜爱和他谈天；9. worry about sb./sth. 担忧某人 /某事 , worry 是动词be worried about sb./sth. 担忧某人 /某事 , worried 是形容词如： Don't worry about him. 不用担忧他；Mother is worried about her son. 妈妈担忧他的儿子；10. all the time 始终,始终11. take sb. to + 地方 送/带某人去某个地方如： A person took him to the hospital. 一个人把他送到了医院；12. hardly adv. 几乎不、没有； hardly 修饰动词时,通常放在助动词、情态动词之后,实义动词之前, 如： I can hardly understand them. 我几乎不能够明白他们；I hardly have time to do it.我几乎没有时间去做了；13. in the last few years. 在过去的几年内,常与完成时连用如：I have lived in China in the last few years. 在过去的几年内我在中国住；14. be different from 与.不同（常见考点,考的最多的是它的意思,大家只需要记住它的意思,做题的时候详细问题再详细分析即可）15. 不定式与疑问词连用：动词不定式可以和what, which, how, where, when 等引导的疑问句连用,构成不定式短语；如： The question is when to start. 问题是什么时候开头；I don't know where to go.我不知道去哪；16. make sb./sth. + 形容词 make you happy make sb./sth. + 动词原形 make him laugh17. move to +地方 搬到某地 如： I moved to Beijing last year.18. it seems that +从句 看起来似乎 （重要考点）如： It seems that he has changed a lot.看起来他似乎变了很多；19. help sb. with sth. 在某方面帮忙某人（留意介词with ,在某方面帮忙要用这个介词） help sb（to） do sth. 帮某人做某事（ to 常常省略）She helped me with English. 她帮忙我学英语；She helped me（ to） study English. 她帮忙我学习英语；20. fifteen-year-old 作形容词 ,15 岁的（有一点要提示大家,中间的year 用的是单数）如： a fifteen-year-old boy 一个 15 岁的男孩fifteen years old 指年龄, 15 岁；21. can't afford to do sth. 支付不起 can't afford sth. 支付不起 如： I can't afford to buy the car.=I can't afford the car.我买不起这个辆小车；22. as + 形容词 /副词 + as sb+could/can 尽某人所能如： Zhou run as fast as her could/can.她尽她最快的才能去跑；23. get into trouble with遇到麻烦24. in the end 最终25. make a decision ：下打算,下决心26. to one's surprise：令某人诧异（往往显现在完型中,让我们填surprise） 如： to their surprise 令他们诧异to LiLei's surprise 令李雷诧异27. take pride in sth. 以而骄傲如： His father always take pride in him.他的爸爸总是以他而骄傲28. pay attention to sth. 对 留意,留心如： You must pay attention to your friend. 你应当多留意你的伴侣；29. be able to do sth. 能够,有才能做某事如： She is able to do it. 她能够做到；30. give up doing sth. 舍弃做某事（留意 up 后面用的是动词的 ing 形式） 如： My father has given up smoking. 我爸爸已经舍弃吸烟了；31. 不再 no more =no longer如： I play tennis no more.我不再打网球； notany more = notany long如er：I don't play tennis any longer. 我不再打网球；【重点语法】反意疑问句反义疑问句遵循这样一个原就,前确定后否定,前否定后确定；1. 确定陈述句 +否定提问如： Lily is a student, isn't she.2. 否定陈述句 +确定提问如： She doesn't come from China, does she.3. 提问部分用代词而不用名词如： Lily is a student, isn't she.4. 陈述句中含有否定意义的词如： little, few, never, nothing, hardly等,其反意疑问句用确定式（对于第四点大家不要忽视,特殊是列举的这几个词,出题的时候常常遇到,对于下面的两个例子大家要认真看一下,要把这个学问点完全搞懂）；如： He knows little English, does he.他一点也不懂英语,不是吗？They hardly understood it, did they.他们几乎不明白,不是吗？5. 反意疑问句的陈述部分含有由un-, im-, in-, dis-, 等否定意义的前缀构成的词语时,陈述部分要视为确定含义,问句部分用否定形式；如：Your father is unhappy, isn't he.The man is dishonest, isn't he.It is impossible to learn English without remembering more words, isn't it.Unit5 What are the shirts made of.【重点短语】1. be made of 由 制造2. be made in 在 制造3. environmental protection 环境爱护4. be famous for 以 而闻名5. be produced in 在 生产6. be known for 以 闻名7. as far as I know 据我所知8. pick by hand 手工采摘9. send for 发送10. avoid doing sth 防止做某事11. everyday things 日用品【考点详解】1. made of 由 制（构）成,后接构成某物质的原料；例： This skirt is made of silk. 这件裙子是用丝绸制成的；be made of/from/up of 的区分（1） ） be made of 表示制成成品后,仍可看出原材料是什么,保留原材料的质和外形,制作过程仅发生物理变化；例： The kite is made of paper风筝是用纸做的；（2） ） be made from 表示制成的东西完全失去了原材料的外形或特点,或原材料在制作过程中发生化学变化,在成品中已无法辨认；例： The paper is made from wood纸是木头做的；Butter is made from milk. 黄油是从牛奶中提炼出来的；（3） ） be made up of 用 构成或组成的,指人、物皆可,指结构成分；例： Our class is made up of six groups. 我们班是由六个小组组成的；2. It seems that many people all over the world drink Chinese tea.似乎全世界的很多人都在喝中国茶；句型 “It seems that意为”“看起来似乎 /似乎 ”,其中 seem是连系动词,意为 “似乎；似乎 ”,句型中的 it 是形式主语,不能用其他代词来替代；例： It seems that he was late for the train. 看来他没赶上火车；seem的几种常见结构：（1） ） seem to do sth此句型可与 “It seems that转换”；例： They seem to find the way to the cinema. =It seems that they find the way to the cinema.他们似乎找到了去电影院的路了；（2） ） seem+形容词例： My temperature seems to be all right. 我的体温看上去正常了；（3） ） seem+名词例： That seems not a bad idea.看上去想法不错；3. When the leaves are ready, they are picked by hand and then are sent for processing in factory.当茶叶成熟时,就被用手工采摘然后送到工厂加工；此句是由 when 引导的时间状语从句, are picked, are sent都是一般现在时的被动结构；例： When the fruit are ready, they are picked and are sent to the market for sale.当这些水果成熟后就被摘下来并送到市场上卖掉；4. No matter what you may buy, you might think those products were made in thos