2022年人教版八级英语下册初二上册英语知识点总结 .docx

Unit 1 How often do you exercise.语言要点1. How often do you exercise. I do exercise once a month.2. What do you usually do on weekends. I usually play soccer.3. What do they do on weekends.They often go to the movies.4. What does he do on weekends. He sometimes watches TV.5. How often do you shop. I shop twice a week.6. Every day, always, usually, often, sometimes, ever, hardly, never, once a week, twice a mouth Unit 1 How often do you exercise.重点短语as for至于junk food垃圾食品eating habit饮食习惯of course当然look after照料hardly ever很少 on weekends在周末start with以 开头every day每天three times a week一周三次a lot of许多surf the internet网上冲浪try to do sth尽量去做某事 make a difference使得结果不同go to the movies看电影in good health身体好Unit 2 What's the matter.语言要点1. - What's the matter.- I have a headache. You should go to bed.- He has a stomachache. He shouldn't eat anything for 24 hours.- She has a toothache. She should see a dentist.2. see a doctor / dentist, get / have a cold, give advice, have a toothache, have a headache, have a stomachache, have a backache, have a sore throat, have a fever, lie down and rest, drink lots of water, drink hot tea with honey, a few, stressed out, listen to music, get tired, stay / keep healthy, at the moment, on the other hand, a balanced dietUnit 3 What are you doing for vacation.语言要点1. - What are you doing for vacation.- I'm spending time with my friends.2. - When are you going.- I'm going next week.3. - How long are you staying.- We're staying for two weeks.4. sightseeing, fishing, relaxing, visiting, going camping, spending5. how long, get back, at home, take a vacation, think about, decide on, go bike riding Unit 4 How do you get to school.语言要点1. - How do you get to school.2. - I take the bus.2. - How long does it take.- It takes 20 minutes.3. - How far is it.- It's 10 miles.4. - It takes sb. some time to do something.5. bicycle, subway, car, train, bus station, bus stop, minute, kilometer, mile, transportation6. get to, ride, walk, take, depend, depend on, by bus Unit 5 Can you come to my party.语言要点1. - Can you come to my birthday party.- Yes, I'd love to.- Sorry, I can't. I have to study for a test.2. I'm sorry. I'm playing soccer on Saturday.少数动词（如： come, go, begin, start, leave, arrive, return, stay 等）可以用现在进行时表示一个估计要发生的动作；如： He is leaving the day after tomorrow.3. - Can he go to the baseball game.- No, he can't. He has to study for a test.3. words and expressions: invitation, study for a test, come to the party, the whole day, another day, try to do sth., have to do sth., join sb. , go to the concertUnit 6 I'm more outgoing than my sister.语言要点1. - Tina is taller than Tara.- Tom has shorter hair than Sam.- Linda is more outgoing than me.形容词比较级的构成；2. 词语： both, interest, interesting, though, be good at, all the time, look the same, twin sister, a little taller, a primary school, in some ways, the same as, be different from, opposite view4.个人特点方面的词汇： tall, thin, short, long hair, short hair, funny, serious, outgoing, easygoing, athletic, quiet, intellectualUnit 7 How much are these pants.词汇1. each 和 every两者作主语时谓语动词用单数形式；不同的是 each 强调个体, 而 every 强调整体中的 “每个 ”；如：Each of us has a computer. 我们每个人都有运算机；Every student in our class is here today. 今日我们班的每位同学都到了；此外, each 仍可单独用作副词；如：You can buy socks for only 4 each. 每双袜子你只需花 4 美元就能买到；2. helphelp 用作动词时,后面常接不定式作宾语,并且不定式符号 to 可以省略,即： help to do something（帮忙做某事；有助于 ）或 help somebody to do something （帮忙某人做某事）； help 后仍可接介词 with , 即 help somebody with something ,如： My elder sister often helps me with my homework. 我姐姐常帮我做作业；”Help. ”是口语中在紧急时刻要别人帮忙时的用法,意思是“帮帮忙；救命 ”；help 仍出名词词性,意思是 “帮忙 ”,是不行数名词；如： I need your help. 我需要你的帮忙；3. wantwant 用作及物动词,后面直接接名词、代词,如：I'm thirsty. I want a drink.我渴了,想喝点饮料；want 后仍可接不定式作宾语,即want to do something,如： I don't want to go to the party. 我不想参与那个晚会；want 也可用于 want somebody to do something 这种结构中,如：I don't want Linda to hear about this. 我不想让琳达听到这件事；You are wanted on the phone / in the office. 就表示 “有你的电话 ”或“办公室有人找你 ”；这里的 want 是“有事找（某人） ”的意思；Unit 7 How do you make a banana milk shake.语言要点1. - How many apples do we need.- We need two.- How much butter do we need.- We need one teaspoon / two spoons of .可数名词与不行数名词2. How do you make a banana milk shake.First . Next . Then . Finally .祈使句4. 重点短语： turn on / turn off, how many / how much, add . to .; let sb. sth., pour . into .Unit 8 How was your school trip.词汇1. gift 和 present两者都有 “礼物 ”的意思, 但 gift 较为正式, 带有肯定的感情颜色, 侧重送礼人的诚心, 有时含有 “捐赠 ” 之意； present 为一般用语,一般指“值钱不多的礼物 ”,表示下对上送礼的意思；有时两者可以互换,如：This was given me as a birthday gift / present.这是别人送我的生日礼物；Each child gave their mother a little present. 每个孩子送给母亲一件小礼物；2. get 和 winget 表示 “获得；得到 ”之意,指通过某种方式或手段得到某种东西,得到的东西可能是我们想要的,也可能不是；如： Will you get me a ticket.你能给我弄张票吗？gain 表示 “获得；得到 ”,指通过努力,甚至竞争或斗争而获得某种有价值的东西；如：She gained her experience by working as a teacher. 她靠当老师猎取体会； win 除表示 “（在竞赛、嬉戏、选举等中）获胜；赢”之意,仍表示 “（通过艰苦努力或凭才能）获得；博得 ”,如： I couldn't win her friendship.我无法获得她的友情；3. at the end, in the end 和 by the end ofat the end 和 in the end 都表示 “最终；最终 ”之意,但 at the end 通常与 of 连用,很少作独立成份使用；如： We're going on holiday at the end of July.我们七月底将去度假； In the end, we found the house. 最终,我们找到了这座房屋； by the end of 指“到某一时间之前 ”,常与完成时连用, 如：By the end of the war, the smallwork-shop had become a large factory which employed 728 people.到战争终止时,这个小铺子已经变成雇有728 个工人的大工厂了；end 作名词也可以指地点或事物的“终点；终点 ”等,如：My friends waited for me at the end of the street.我的伴侣在街道终点等我Unit 8 How was your school trip.语言要点1. - What did you do / see on your last school trip.- I / We went / saw .- What else did you do.- I bought .- Did you buy / go .- Yes, I / We did. / No, I / we didn't.- Where did you go yesterday.- I went to .- Were there any sharks / seals .- Yes, there were. / No, there weren't.2. 重点词汇：aquarium, zoo, science, centre, gift shop, souvenir, seal, shark, octopus, dolphin, take photos, get one's autograph, prize, movie, hang out, go for a drive, sleep late3. 一些规章动词和不规章动词的过去式Unit 9 When was he born.语言要点1. - When was she born.- She was born in 1973.2. - How long did he hiccup.- He hiccupped for 69 years and 5 months.3. You are never too young to start doing things.4. violinist, skater, pianist, athleteprofessional, talented, loving, outstanding, unusual, creative Unit 10 I'm going to be a basketball player.同步词汇·No. 1 travel, trip 和 journeytravel 指到远地或常期的旅行, 但不肯定有目的； trip 指参观拜访各地并回到动身点的旅行；journey 指中途不到别处而直接到达目的地的旅行；·No. 2 yet 和 alreadyyet 用于疑问句或否定句时位于句末,如：Have you finished yet.你完成了吗？ He hasn t done it yet他.仍没有干呢； already 常用于确定的陈述句中,一般位于助动词之后、 谓语动词之前； 如：The rain has already left. 火车已经开走了；·No. 3 build, set up, put up 和 foundbuild 表示“建立；修建”之意,既可用于详细事物,也可用于抽象事物；build 表示建造详细事物时可以指建造地面上下的工程；build 作名词有“体格”之意,如：He is of medium build.他中等体格； set up表示“树立；建立；设立”之意,着重于开头的含义,既可与表示详细事物的名词连用,也可与抽象名词连用；表示“树立榜样；创建党派”时用set up 或 found,不用 put up 或 build ；在表示“支起帐篷”时用set up 或 put up,不用 build ；put up 是 build 的非正式形式,一般可与build , set up 互换,但不能用于建造低于地面的工程； found 表示“建立； 成立” 之意, 着重于打下基础, 它既可以与表示详细事物的名词连用, 也可与表示抽象事物的名词连用；Unit 10 I'm going to be a basketball player.语言要点1. - What are you going to be when you grow up.- I'm going to be a basketball player.2. computer programmer, pilot, engineer, editor, journalist3. sound like, at the same time, keep fit, get a part-time job, grow up, move to Unit 11 What time do you go to school.同步词汇·No. 1 dish, bowl 和 cupdish 是指陶瓷、金属、玻璃、木制的大盘子,用以装菜肴端至餐桌,个人面前的浅盘是plate,咖啡杯、碗等的托碟是 saucer；bowl 指大碗,是那种圆而深的容器；cup 指喝茶、咖啡等用的杯子,通常有柄；dish 仍可表示“（盛放在盘碟的）食物；菜肴”,如：What is our favorite dish.你最喜爱的菜是什么？·No. 2 lend 和 borrowlend 的意思是“借出；借给（别人）”,常与介词to 连用；如： I lent my pen to him.我把钢笔借给了她；borrow 的意思是“借进；从（某人那里）借来”,常与介词from 连用；因此,你要借别人的自行车用时,可以说以下两句中的任何一句：Could you lend me your bicycle. May I borrow your bicycle.·No. 3 could 和 can两者都是情态动词, could 可以做 can 的过去时态； could 用在疑问句中可以表示提出恳求或委婉地提出看法,是一种有礼貌的说法,不表示过去的时态；对这样问题的确定回答有Sure, Certainly ；否定回答有 Sorry, I can或t. Sorry. 然后阐述理由； 如：Could you help me take it to the classroom. 你能帮我把它拿到教室去吗？Unit 11 Could you please clean your room.语言要点1. - Could you please clean your room.- Yes, sure. / No problem. / Of course. / Certainly.2. - Could I use your computer.- Sorry, I'm going to work on it now.3. You have to clean your room first.4. do the dishes, sweep the floor, make one's bed, fold the clothes, do the laundry, stay out late, have / take a test, study for the math test, take care of, forget to do sth ., have / hold a school party, play with sb. / sth.5. trash, chore, hate, borrow, invite, teenager, feed, favor, fish Unit 12 What's the best radio station.语言要点1. What's the best movie theater.Who do you think is the funniest actor.2. But I think that Circle Theater has the most comfortable seats.3. a clothing store, do a survey of sb. about sth., as for, a great success, in the daytime, in the north of China, cut the prices4. clothing, comfort, seat, close, theater, positive, perform, success, last, seldom, enough, far, distance