2022年人教版八级上册英语知识点归纳总结 .docx

人教版八年级上册学问点汇总Unit1Where did you go on vacation.短语归纳go on vacation去度假stay at home待在家里go to the mountains去爬山go to the beach去海滩visit museums 参观博物馆go to summer camp去参观夏令营quite a few 相当多study for 为 而学习go out 出去most of the time 大部分时间taste good尝起来很好吃have a good time玩得兴奋of course当然in the past在过去feel like 给 的感觉；感受go shopping去购物walk around 四处走走because of由于one bowl of一碗the next day其次天drink tea 喝茶find out 找出；查明go on 连续 take photos照相something important 重要的事up and down上上下下come up出来buy sth. for sb. / buy sb. sth为. look+adj. 看起来nothing but动+某人买某物taste + adj. 尝起来 词原形除了之外什么都没有seem+（to be）+ adj.看起来arrive in+大地点 / arrive at+小地点到达某地decide to do sth决. 定去做某事try doing sth.尝试做某事 / try to do sth.尽力去做某事forget doing sth.遗忘做过某事 / forget to do sth.遗忘做某事enjoy doing sth.宠爱做某事want to do sth.想去做某事start doing sth.开头做某事stop doing sth. 停止做某事dislike doing sth. 不宠爱做某事keep doing sth继.续做某事Why not do. sth.为什么不做 呢？so+adj.+that+从句如此 以至于tell sb. not to do sth. 告知某人（不要）做某事语法讲解1. go on vacation 度假vacation 相当于 holiday,但 vacation 表示长的假期；4. something interesting好玩的东西1）something,anything,nothing,everything 是指物的不定代词；somebody,someone,anybody, anyone,nobody,everybody, everyone是指人的不定代词；somewhere, anywhere, nowhere, everywhere 是指地点的不定代词；2）当形容词修饰不定代词、不定副词时,放于其后；something special; somewhere wonderful.3）不定代词、不定副词做主语时, 谓语动词用第三人称单数； 如：Is everybody here. 大家都到齐了吗？ 4）something,somebody,someone,somewhere用于确定句及表示恳求或建议的疑问句中anything, anybody, anyone,anywhere 用于否定句、疑问句及条件状语从句中；如：Did you do anything interesting. 你做了好玩的事吗？（表疑问）Why don t you visist omeone with me. 你为什么不跟我一起去拜望下某个人呢？（表建议） If anything happens, please tell me.假如有事情发生,请告知我；6. buy sth. for sb. 或 buy sb. sth如： buy some books for me. = buy me some books.7. 提建议的句子：8. ride bicycles骑自行车What/ how about +doing sth.如： What/ How about going shopping.Why dont you+ do sth.如： Why dont you go shopping.Why not + do sth. .如： Why not go shopping.Let s d+o sth.如： Let s go shoppingShall we/ I + do sth.如： Shall we/ I go shopping.13. 辨析： get to/reach/arrive都是到达的意思get to+地点 =reach+地点=arrive at+地点（小） =arrive in+地点（大）留意：如他们后面要加地点副词here, there, home等,就不需要加介词；14.nothing.but.意为除.之外； 只有,如：I have nothing to do but watch TV all day long. 我成天除了看电视什么也没干；15. feel like 意为： 感受到；摸起来 ,后跟宾语从句或名词；如：I felt like I was a bird.我感觉我是一只鸟；另外,构成短语 feel like doing sth.意为想做某事 ；如： I feel like eating.我想吃东西；16.enjoy doing sth . 宠爱做 ;愿意做 enjoy oneself过得开心=have fun/have a good time.19. I wonder what life was like here in the past. 我想知道过去这里的生活是什么样的n: 奇迹；令人诧异的事情如： No wonder. 难怪；不足为奇！wonderv诧异如： wonder at sth.;wonder to do sth.感到疑问；想知道如： I wonder where they are going.20. few 与 little的区分：确定否定很多可数a fewfewquite a few/not a few不行数a littlelittlequite a little/ not a little如： There is little sugar in the bottle. Can you get some.Still no one seemed to be bored.仍旧没有人感到郁闷；1）seem意为似乎；似乎；看来 ,是个连系动词,构成的短语有：seem to do sth. 似乎做某事如： They seem to wait for you. 他们似乎在等你；seem（to be）+adj. 似乎. 如： He seemed to be ill yesterday.昨天他似乎病了；It seems that + 从句 似乎. 如： It seems that he was ill yesterday.昨天他似乎病了；其他表示状态的系动词有： feel觉得） ; keep（保持） ;stay（保持） ;look（看来像 .）;smell（闻起来） sound（听起来 ）taste（尝起来 ）2） bored adj,意为 感到厌倦的、无聊的 其,主语是某人；boringadj,意为 令人厌倦的、无聊的 其主语是某物；如： I got bored with the boring work.我对这无聊的工作感到厌倦；相类似的词语仍有interested/ tired/ excited/ amazed/surprised interesting/ tiring/ exciting/ amazing/surprising22. decide（v）打算decide to not do sth. = make a decision not to do sth. decisionndecide on doing sth.打算做某事如： Li Lei has decided to go to Beijing . 李雷已经打算去北京；23. Because of the bad weather, we couldn t see anything below.1） because of + 名词/代词/名短 I had to move because of my job因. because + 从句如： I do it because I like it.我做这件事是由于我宠爱；为工作的缘由2）below 意为在.下面 ;低于,其反义词为 above,意为 在.上面；高于 24. 形容词/副词 enough如： wet/quietlyenough足够美丽enoughenough 名词如： enough umbrellas 足够的雨伞足够形/副 enough+ 名 to do sth.足够去做如： I have enough money to go to Beijing. 我有足够的钱去北京；She is not old enough to go to school. 她年龄不够,不能去上学；同义句： She is too young togo to school.too to 太: 而不能She is so young that she can t go to school.25. so+形/副+that 从句： She is so popular that everyone likes her.如此以致于su（ch结果）such+名短+ that 从句： She is such a popular girl that.so that 从句：结果 （为了） 如： He gets up early so that he can catch the early bus.26. 反身代词： myself/yourself/itself/herself/himself/ourselves/yourselves/themselves如： The child herself usually wears the clothes herself.27. What a difference a day makes.一天的差异多大啊！ make a difference in：对 有影响1. What a/an + adj.+ n单+主+谓！或 What + adj. +n（复不） +主+谓！ 感叹句的结构2. How+ adj. +主+谓（联系动词）！或How + adv+主+谓（实义动词）！28. I just stayed at homemost of the time to read and relax.Unit2How often do you exercise.短语归纳help with housework 帮忙做家务on weekends在周末how often 多久一次hardly ever 几乎从不once a week每周一次twice a month 每月两次every day 每天be free有空 go to the movies去看电影use the Internet用互联网swing dance摇摆舞play tennis 打网球stay up late熬夜；睡得很晚at least至少have dance and piano lesson上s 舞蹈课和钢琴课go to bed early早点睡觉play sports进行体育活动be good for对 有好处go camping去野营not at all 一点儿也不 in one s free ti在me某人的业余时间the most popular 最受欢迎的 such as比如；诸如old habits die hard积习难改go to the dentist去看牙医morn than 多于；超过less than少于help sb. with sth.帮忙某人做某事How about .怎么样？ /好不好？ want sb. to do sth想. How many+可数名词复数 +一般疑问句？有多少.让某人做某事主语+find+that 从句. 发觉spend time with sb.和某人一起度过时间It s+ adj.+ to do sth做.某事的 的；ask sb. about sth向.某人询问某事by doing sth. 通过做某事What s your favorite你最喜.爱的 是什么？the best way to do sth做.某事的最好方式语法讲解1. exercise （v/n）的用法1）（动） :锤炼. 如： He exercises every day.2可数名词 ： .操;练习. 如： do morning/ eye exercises;do math exercises不行数名词 : 锤炼;运动讲：如： We often do / take exercise on weekends.2. -How often do you usually go shopping.Sometimes/Twice a week. 有时候/一周两次 .1) go shopping 意为去购物 ；Go+ v- ing : 表示进行某项活动；如：Go swimming/ shopping/skating/skiing/fishing/climbing/hiking2) 频率副词： always=all the time, usually, often, sometimes=at times , hardly ever, never 1.sometimes: 有时候； sometime：某时； some times：很多次 /倍;some time: 一段时间2. hardlyadv: 几乎不hard硬的；困难的；严格的；勤奋的a hard writer努力地； 猛烈地study/rain hard 3）how often 表示多久一次 ,是对动作的频率进行提问；其回答通常有：频率副词： always, usually, often, sometimes, hardly ever, neverhow often 次数时间段 :如： once or twice a weekevery 时间段 : every day 每天区分： everyday（每天的；日常的）留意：表示 一次或两次 时,一般用 once 和 twice 表示；如： once a month一个月一次 而表示 三次或以上 时,就用 数词 times 结构；如： five times a year 一年五次 4） 由 how 构成的疑问词组的用法“多少 ”how many+ 可数名词复数如： how many programshow much+不行数名词如： how much coffee但 how much=what how many times:s the price of.仍有多少钱 的意思如： How much are those pants.多少次 .其答语表示次数；如： once ,twice, three times等How old. 询问年龄如： How old are you.I am five.”“ how long .4 多久时间常用 for two days,for three hours 等回答；多长（某物的长度）如： -How long is the river.- 10 kms. 5how soon 用来询问过多久,多久以后,其答语是in two hours,in three days等；如： How soon wil he come back？ In an hour；3. 闲暇的 ： Are you free tonight.4. at least 至少at most 最多be free自由的 ： a free countryfreedomn5. stay up 熬夜免费的 ： work for free.6. junk food 垃圾食品5. 满的；饱的 be full ofT:he bottle is full of water. 瓶子里装满了水；full忙的=busyHe had a full life6. She says it s good for my health. 她说那对我的健康有益；1）be good for： 对 有好处 ； 如： Doing exercise is good for our health.（2） ） be good a：t善于于 如： He is good at playing football.(3) be good to sb./sth:(4) be good to do sth.:(5) be good with:对好如： The old woman is good to us.适合；宜于 如： The water is good to drink.与 相处好如： The teacher is good with his students.7. go online = use the Internet ：上网8. Teenager magazine青少年杂志9. more than two hours=over two hours超: 过10. go to the dentist: 去看牙医11. keep healthy = stay healthy = keep in good health:保持健康12. ask sb. to do : 叫做某事Teacher asked me to clean the classroom.Ask sb. not to do sth.: 叫不要做某事 Teacher asked me not to clean the classroom. ask sb. about sth. :问某人某事We asked our students about their free time activities.ask sb. for sth. : 向某人要求 如： ask teacher for help13. help sb. with sth. 如： They help me with this problem.他们帮忙你解决这个问题；help sb.（ to）do.如： They help you to solve this problem. 他们帮忙你解决这个问题；14. n 诧异: to one s surp令ris某e 人诧异的是in surprise诧异地surprisebe surprised at sth.对 感到意外v 使诧异、意外：be surprised to do sth.诧异做某事be surprised that + 从句如： I was surprised at the news = I was surprised to hear the news.15. fifteen percent of the students 百分之十五的同学16.swing dance摇摆舞17. althoughconj:尽管；虽然 ,表示转折关系,同义词有 though, 不能与 but 同时使用；如： Although theyre neighbors, they dont play together.= They re neighbors, but they don t pla尽y t管og他et们he是r. 邻居,但是他们不在一起玩；18. maybe adv: 或许,大致Maybe he maybe knows it. May + v 原：或许,大致He may know it.如： Maybe he is at home.= He maybe is at home.= He may be at home.19. It s good to relax ubsying the Internet or watching game shows. by:He learns English by singing English songs.通过 方式He went home by bus.= He went home on the bus= He took the bus home. through通过 方式+ 名词： The best way to relax is through exercise（从里面）穿过：Climb through the window.留意： 横过（从一边到另一边）walk across the street.20. 例如such as =like + 名短：如： such as winning the game.for example + 句子： 如： It s healthy for the mind and the body.21. Old habits die hard. 恶习难改 .diev: 死亡；消逝deathn:死亡；deadadj: 死的； dyingadj: 垂死的；临终的；（植）枯萎的dying wish遗言21. You can spend time with your friends and family as you play together.spend度过（时间）如： spend the weekend with family花费（时间、钱）如： He spent 20 yuan in buying the magazine.同义句： He spent 20 yuan on the magazine.He paid 20 yuan for the magazine.It took him 20 yuan to buy the magazine. The magazine cost him 20 yuan.Unit3I m more outgoing than my sister短语归纳more outgoing 更外向as as与 一样the singing competition 唱歌竞赛be similar to 与 相像的/类似的the same as和 相同；与 一样be different from 与 不同care about关怀；介意be like a mirror 像一面镜子the most important 最重要的as long as只要；既然bring out 使显现；使表现出get better grades取得更好的成果reach for伸手取in fact 事实上；实际上make friends交伴侣the other 其他的touch one s he感a动rt 某人be talented in music有音乐天赋be good at善于be good with 善于与 相处have fun doing sth.享受做某事的乐趣be good at doing sth善于做某事make sb. do sth让. 某人做某事want to do sth.想要做某事as+adj./adv的.原级+as 与一样 It s+ adj.+for sb. to do sth对.语法讲解某人来说,做某事 的；15. 形容词和副词的比较级一、含义 1. 大多数形容词和副词有三个等级：原级、比较级、最高级 : good better - best2. 比较级：表示两者 人或物之间的比较；3. 加 more/most 的情形： .部分双音节和多音节词； .-ed/ing 结尾的词； adj+ly adv.4. 双写的词：一个大热天,一个胖子和一个瘦子穿着红衣服,汗湿了,很难过；bighotfatthinredwetsad二比较级基本句型：连系动词 + adj.（比）如： Lucy is slower than Lily.1主语+谓语动词 +adj./adv（比） + than+ 对比成分实义动词 + adv./ （比）如： Lucy runs more slowly than Lily.2. 主语必需与对比成分保持一样： Her hair is longer than yours. your hair3. 同级比较 as+adj./adv.原级+as : 如同一样否定： not as/so+adj./adv.原 级+as : 不如 一样4. 比较级 and比较级：越来越 e.g.They talked more and moreloudly.5. The 比较级,the比较级 ：越就越 The more exercise you do, the stronger you ll b6. Which / Who is 比+ 较级, A or B？ e.g. Which T-shirt is nicer, this one or that one.7. the+比较级 +of the（ two ） :两者中较 的一个Of the twins, she was the more hard-working .8. 常用 the one 代单数可数名词 ,the ones /those 代替复数名词 ,that 代替不行数名词 .e.g.The book here is newer than the one on the deskThe apples on the tree are fresher than those/the ones in the box. The weather in Wuhan is hotter than that in Beijing.9. 比较级前可用 数词+名词表示确定的度量；e.g. I am 5 years older than himThe room is 3 times as large as that one.留意： 1. 原级常与 very, as,so, too, quite,pretty, really 等连用；2. 比较级常与 much, even, far, than, a little, a bit, a lot 等连用.3. Than 后的比较状语结构 :e.g. He runs faster than me/ I do.16. You can tell that Lisa really wanted to win, though然.叙述： tell a story/lie/joke.而,你能看得出丽莎真的想赢；1. tell告知 ： tell sb. sth.不能为 it/them= tell sth. to sb. ; tell sb. not to do sth.辨别；识别： Can you tell the differences between the twins.2.though 意为然而；但是 ,表示转折关系, 常放于句尾,用逗号隔开,而 however 可位于句首、句中或句末,常用逗号隔开； However,You can tell that Lisa really wanted to win17. I think friends are like books- you donnteed a lot of them as long as they我认为伴侣就像书 - 你不需要很多,只要好 就行；look like :看起来像（外貌）She is pretty tall.be like:像（性格,外貌）He is outgoing/ serious.regood.18. My best friend helps to brings out the best in me.我最好的伴侣帮我激发出我最好的品质 .使显现；使表现出： The dress brings out the color of her skin. bring out生产；出版：The factory brings out a new kind of car. bring out the best/worst in sb.激发出某人最好 /最差的品质 .19. I know she cares about me because sheaslways there to listen to me.我知道她关怀我,由于她随时都能够听我倾诉；n 当心；谨慎Take care. 当心/保重Cross the road with care. 1.care :介意；在乎（ =mind）I don t cawrehat happens.vcare about关:心；在意如： He doesn t care aboauntything people say.care for关怀；照料 = take care of或 look after宠爱；想要（否或疑）如： Would you care for a cup of coffee.2.for sb. 随叫随到；不离左右如： Parents are always there for children.be thereto do sth.随时预备帮忙如： She is there to work out the problem.20.I donrteally care if my friends are the same as me or different.if:是否； 假如我真的不介意是否我的伴侣与我一样仍是不同；21They both like sports. 他们俩都宠爱运动；（both：两个都；用在实动之前,其它动词之后）You are both too young.They both speak English.Both of .名.+词复数如： Both of the flowers are beautiful. 两朵花都很美丽；both and 两者都反义词组： neither nor两者都不 留意： all ：都（三者或三者以上） ; either:两者中任一个； every：每个（三者或三者以上）22.A true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart.一个真正的伴侣（在你需要帮忙的时候）向你伸出手,触动你的心弦；reach到达：reach /arrive at /get to the school伸手去拿：reach out ones hand for sth.与取得联系： How can I reach you.延长： The forest reaches as far as the river.森林延长到河边；touchv 接触；触摸： Don t touch the paint.请勿触油漆 .触动；感动 I was touched/moved by his words.我被他的话打动了；(n) 接触；联系 :keep in /losetouch with sb.与.保持失去联系get in touch with sb.与.取得联系23. She made me laugh and feel better.laugh at sb. 笑话；取笑某人 make/let /have sb. do sth.= get sb. to do sth. 使某人做某事make+宾语+形容词: 使某人 /某事怎样如：His words make us happy.2.24. It s not easy for mmeatkoe friends.make friends with sb. 与.交伴侣It s+adj.+ for sbt.o+do sth.: 某人做某事怎么样 . It 是形式主语, to do sth.是真正主语 25. The most important thing is to learn something new and have fun.最重要的事情是学习新的东西和过的高兴；26. That s why I like reading books and I study harder in