2022年人教版初一英语上册知识点详细归纳总结2.docx
WORD格式名人教版初一英语上册学问点归纳总结师归总纳一、 48个国际音标及26个英文字母的正确书写结|要娴熟把握元音和辅音,5 个元音字母 a, e, i, o, u,字母的正确占格及大有肚单词间距;容,二、 be动词的用法容习学be 动词有三种变形,分别是:am, is, are;记忆口诀:困之难" 我"用 am, "你"用 are, is用于 "他、她、它 "单数全都用 is,复数全部都事学,用 are;业成有三、人称及人称代词的不同形式主格和宾格 ,更1、三种人称:第一人称I,we,其次人称 you,you,第三人称 he, she,上层一it, Maria;楼2、人称代词的主格,即人称代词位于句子主语位置时的形状:I, We, You, You, He, She, It, Maria;3、人称代词的宾格,即人称代词位于句子宾语位置时的形状:me, us, you, you, him, her, it;第 6 页,共 6 页专业资料整理4、形容词性物主代词:my, our, your, your, his, her, its, their5、名词性物主代词:mine, ours, yours,yours, his,hers, its,6 、反身代词: myself, ourselves, yourself, yourselves, himself, herself, itself, themselves;四、基数词 表示数量多少的词,大致相当于代数里的自然数zero, one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten,;theirs;eleven,twelve,thirteen,fourteen,fifteen,sixteen,seventeen, eighteen,nineteen,twenty,twenty-one,twenty-two, twenty-three,twenty-four,twenty-five,twenty-six,twenty-seven, twenty-eight,twenty-nine,thirty,forty,fifty,sixty,seventy,eighty, ninety, one hundred,one hundred and one;五、一般疑问句及特别疑问句1、一般疑问句:能用Yes 或 No 来回答的问句;一般疑问句句尾读升调;2、特别疑问句:不能用Yes 或 No来回答的问句;特别疑问句句尾读降调;六、可数名词变复数可数名词变复数时,有规章变化和不规章变化两种;1、规章变化:(1) 一般情形直接在词尾加"-s ",如: cake-cakes, bag-bags, day-days,face-faces, orange-oranges(2) 以 s, x, sh, ch watch-watches, box-boxes等;结尾的词,要在词尾加等 ;"-es ",如:bus-buses,(3) 以辅音字母加y 结尾的词,变y 为 i再加 "-es",如: baby-babies,country-countries, family-families等;(4) 部分以f e结尾的 词,变f e为 "ves ",如 : knife-knives, half-halves等;(5) 以 o结尾的词,加"-s "或 "-es ",如: zoo-zoos, photo-photos, tomato-tomatoes, potato-potatoes等;记忆口诀:除了"英雄 "hero外,凡是能吃的, 加 "-es ",不能吃的加 "-s ";名师归总纳等;结| 大肚有容, 容学习困难之事2、不规章变化:(1) 转变单数名词中的元音字母:man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, tooth-teeth(2) 单、复同形: sheep-sheep, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese等;(3) 其他形式: mouse-mice, child-children等;七、简洁句的成分及主谓一样原就最基本构成:主语+ 谓语 + 宾语,其中谓语由动词来充当;主谓一样原就,就是句子的谓语要始终与主语保持数量上的一样性;当主语是三人称单学,数 简称 "三单 "时,谓语动词也要相应变成单数形式;当主语非 "三单业成有" 时,谓语动词就用原形;实意动词变"三单 "的规章如下:,更1一般动词在词尾加"-s ",如: like-likes, tell-tells, play-plays上层一等 ;楼(2) 以字母 s, x,ch, sh teach-teaches, watch-watches结尾的动词加 "-es", 如: guess-guesses,等 ;(3) 以 o结尾的动词一般加"-es ",如: do-does, go-goes等;(4) 以辅音字母加 y结尾的动词,先变y为 i,再加 "-而是 ",如: fly-flies, carry-carries等;(5) have的三单形式是has ;八、冠词的用法 名词前面必需要有冠词冠词分为定冠词 the和不定冠词 a, an两种;1、定冠词 the表示 "特指 ",可译为 "这个 "、 "那个 "、 "这些 "、"那些 ";2、不定冠词 a, an用来说明 可数 名词的数量是 "一个 ";an 用于以元音开头留意不是以元音字母开头的单词前, a就英语非元音开头的单词前;3、不定冠词 a, an与基数词 one的区分是:不定冠词不是刻意强调"数量 ",而基数词就强调 "数量 ";九、助动词 do, does 的用法只有实意动词作谓语时才涉及使用助动词;以like为例:(1) 当句子为确定句时不涉及使用助动词,只涉及"主谓一样 "原就; eg : I like English a lot.Michael likes Chinese food very much.(2) 当句子为否定句时,要依据主语的人称来打算使用相应的助动词:当主语为 "三单 "时,要使用 does;当主语为 "非三单 "时,用助动词原形 do ;例如把以下句子变否定句:Kangkang likes math.-Kangkang doesn't like math.They like sports.-They don't like sports.(3) 当句子变疑问句时,同样要依据句子的主语来打算在句首使用Do 或 Does.例如以下句子变问句:Michael likes Chinese Food.-Does Michael like Chinese food. Yes,he does./ No, he doesn't.Jane and Helen likemusic.-DoJand and Helen likemusic. Yes, they do./ No, they don't.十、名词全部格1、Kangkang'sbooks;Tom and Helen's desk; Ann's and Maria's bikes;2、用 of表示 ".的 ",但要从 of后往 of前翻译: a book of mine我的一本书 师名3、have 与 of的区分:归总纳have 一般表示 "主动拥有 ",往往用于有生命的人或动物;无生命的物体一般不能结|"主动拥有 ",表示所属关系时要用of;例如:大肚I have a new bike. She has two big eyes.有,容a door of the house学容习十一、初一英语上册学问点之课本中的学问点困之难1、Unit 1 -Unit 2事学,1问候语:业有Good morning/ afternoon/ evening.成更,How are you.-Just OK, thank you. How are you.-Not bad, thanks.上层一Hi. Hello.楼(2) 道别用语:Nice/ Glad to meet/ see you.meet用于初次见面, see用于熟人间 Nice to meet/ see you, too.Goodbye. Byebye. Bye. See you later/ tomorrow/ next time. So long.Good night.(3) 介绍人或者物的句型:This is.(4) Excuse me.与 I'm sorry.的区分:Excuse me.是要引起对方的留意,而I'm sorry.就是向对方赔礼;(5) 词组 be from = come from(6) 当问句中问到this/ that时,回答要用it;问到 these/ those时,要用 they来回答; 例如: What's this in English.-It's an eraser.What are those.-They are books.(7) 对 Thanks.的回答: That's OK./ You're welcome./ My pleasur. 8look the same = have the same looksgivesth. to sb. = give sb. sth. be like = look likein red穿着红色的衣服 in the desk在空间范畴之内in English用英语 help sb. do sth.9both与 all的区分:both表示 "两者都"all表示"三者及以上都."2、Unit 3-Unit 4in the tree/ on the tree 树上结的、长出来的用on,否就用;in1speak speak与"说"的内容;的用法say 不同: speak表示 "说"的动作,不表示"说"的内容 ;say就表示speak后面除了能接 "语言 "外,不能直接接东西,后面加了to就表示 "对 .说";hlp sb. with sth. want to do sth. e帮忙某人做想要做某事 /补习名师归纳总结| 大肚有容, 容学习困难之事, 学业有成, 更上一层楼would like to do sth.师归名not.at纳all总一点都不;Not atall.没关系 /别介意 结like.a lot = like.very much|肚大2some和 any 的区分:有容口诀: some 用于确定句,否定、疑问变,学容I have some money.习难困I don't have any money.之事Do you have any money.,学any;例如:业3have a seat = take a seat请任凭坐 有成,4祈使句 表示命令或恳求的句子上更一祈使句一般都省略了主语You,所以其否定句直接用Don't开头;例如:层楼Don't go there.(5) 问职业:What does sb. do.What is sb.What's sb.'s job.(6) work与 job的区分:work是未必有酬劳的 "工作 ",例如 homework, housework;而 job就肯定是有酬劳的 " 工作" ;(7) on指在物体的表面,不论这个面是否水平的,例如:on the desk/ wall/ farm/ playground(8) in hospital住院 ;in the hospitallook after照管 /照管 /照看 help oneself请自便 /任凭吃 (9) 表示 "建议 "的句型: "做某事如何 ." What about doing sth. 英式英语 How about doing sth. 美式英语 Why don't you do sth. = Why not do sth.在医院里 (10) "吃 "一日三餐要用 have : have breakfast/ lunch/ supper have.for breakfast/ lunch/ suppertake one's orderP>be kind to sb.(11) try on这个词组可合可分:名词可以放在这个词组的中间或后面,但代词只能放在词组的中间;(12) 在口语中往往用take表示 "买 ";(13) how many与 how much 的区分:how many +可数名词 ;how much +不行数名词(14) What do you think of.是询问对方对某事物的看法;How do you like.是问对方对某事物喜爱的程度;think about考虑 Thank you all the same. 即使对方没能帮上忙,也要礼貌道谢 Thanks. = Thank you.thank作为动词,不能单独使用;(15) one与 it的区分:当上下文说的是同一种类事物时,任意一个可以用所说的是同一个事物时就用it;例如:one 来代替 ;假如上下文Ann : I have a yellow bag.师名Jane : I have a green one.归总纳Tom : Hey, Mike. Where is your bike.结|Mike: Look, it's over there.大有肚16倒装句,容Here you are.容习学Here it is.困之难17be free 有空 /免费 事学,forget to do sth.忘了去做某事 业成有forget doing sth.忘了做过某事 更,What's up. = What's wrong with. = What's the matter with.上层一18go + v.-ing结构的含义:为了实现某目的才去的;例如:楼go fishing/ boating/ swimming/ shopping等(19) have to do sth.非主观因素,强调客观因素,"不得不去做某事 " must 就表示主观愿望(20) fly a kite = fly kites be free = have time(21) 句型 "该干某事了; ": It's time to do sth. = It's time for sth.例如:该吃午饭了.(22) 时间的表述当分针所指的时间大于0 分、小于等于30 分钟时,用 "分钟 "past"小时 ";例如:8: 23-twenty-three past eight当分针所指的时间大于30分钟、小于 60分钟时,用 "剩余的时间 "to"下一个整点";例如:8: 49-eleven to nine当然,仍可以直接依据小时、分钟去读出时间,例如:8: 23-eight twenty-three; 8:49-eight forty-nine整点就在数词后加"-o'clock",例如: 8 : 00-eight o'clock在钟点前介词要用 at. 终止