2022年冀教版八级英语下册知识点总结 .docx

Lesson11. What s the weather like today.= How is the weather today. 2 . It s not snowing. = It s not snowy.3. a thunder storm = a storm with thunder4. I hope not.I hope so.I don t hope so.= I hope not. I m afraid so.I m afraid not.I think so.I don t think so.= I think not.5. be scared/afraid of sb./sth.“惧怕某人 / 某物”be scared/afraid to do sth.“惧怕做某事 ”Lesson 21. What s the date today. = What is today s date.2. What day is today.= What day of the week is it today.3. become = get“变得 ”系动词常接形容词作表语become“成为 ” 系动词常接名词作表语4. make a noise“发出声响,吵闹 ”Lesson31.walk to = go to on foot2.see sb.doing sth and see sb.do sth.hear,find,watch.3will in +一段时间（ How soon提问） 4.Thank you for+n/ing,5.on the grass6. in the snow7. not untill直到“ 才” They didn t leave until they finished the work.8 . 区分 arrive in/at, reach ,get to9.in +月/ 年/ 季节Lesson4one by one:one after another“一个接一个地 ” day by day一天一天地year by year一年一年地 lesson51. 提建议的方法：Let s+do Shall wedo How / What about doingWhy notdo You had better（not ） do Would you please do2. hit的用法： hit sb. in the face打某人的脸 hit sb. on the nose打某人的鼻子hit sb. on the head打某人的头Lesson 61 How to make suggestions. 如何提建议 Shall/I we . How/What about sth./doing sth.Let s not do sth.Would you like sth./to do sth.Why don t you do sth. = Why not do sth.May/Can I.2. at the playground = in/on the playground3. thank sb. for doing sth.thank sb. for sth.Eg ： Thank you for helping me. = Thank you for your help.4. hold on“电话 不挂断 ” “抓紧 ” 5. It s time for sth. It s time for sb. to do sth.6. stop to do sth.“停止或中断做某事后去做另一件事”stop doing sth.“停止做某事 ”7. get off“从 下来”8. get offget on9. look like“看起来像 ”Lesson71.Come down下来2.Fall off摔下来 3.Get off从 下来；4.Turn down转身 5.Holdon抓住；抓紧 6.Give sb a push离开推某人一下7.All day全天；成天Lesson81.play+groundplaygroundkilo+metrekilometrenews+papernewspaperfoot+ballfootballno+bodynobodyair+planeairplanesome+timesometimeout+sideoutsidebath+roombathroomsnow+ballsnowball2. 播音be on the radio升起rise=go/come up在白天in daylight=in the dayLesson91. Grow into变成,发育成2. Would you please not do请你（别）做某事好吗？3. lend sth. to sb.=lendsb. sth.借给某人某物Eg ：Couldyou lend me your ruler.4. Cover with用- 掩盖 -eg ： Coveryour eyes with the book5. . be coveredwith被盖住eg ： Theearth is covered with snow Lesson111. look after照管,照管； =take care of2. look at看look forward to期望look out当心look through认真检查look up向上看look back回忆3. lots of很多,既可以修饰可数名词,相当于many ,又可以修饰不行数名词,相当于much ；4. keep+名词/ 代词+ 形容词 / 介词短语 / 动词 - ingkeep+名词/ 代词+ 形容词,表示使某人或某物保持某种状态；Eg ： Keep the door open.请让门开着keep + sb. / sth.+介词短语,表示使 某人处于位置；keep sb./sth. +动词 -ing形式,表示让某人或某物（长时间地）进行着某个动作；Eg ：Don t keep your car running too fast.不要让你的车始终跑得太快；5. be made of用 制造的（看得出原材料）be made from用 制造的（看不出原材料）be made in +地点由制造lesson121. one the other“一个 ,另一个 ”2. did see= sawdid 起加强语气的作用“的确,的确 ”3. as“当 的时候 ”引导时间状语从句4. all around: in every place/everywhere/here and there Lesson 131. need to do sth, 2. without doing sth. 3. cover with4.It s+adj.+for sb. to do sth.对某人而言做某事是的5.give sb. Sth.=give sth. to sb., 6.among（在三者或三者以上之间）,between（在两者之间） 7.nothing=not anything sth. to do. Lesson141. look系动词 look good系表结构 , 形容词作表语2. in many waysin different waysin many different ways用不同的方式3. that关系代词,引导定语从句,并代指 plants4. half of“中的一半”half of +不行数名词代表单数概念half of +可数名词复数代表复数概念5. use sth. to do sth.“用来做”不定式作状语,表示目的和用途6. sickilladj“有病的,患病的”sick 作表语或定语 ill 通常只作表语作表语时可互换7.be sick = be illfeel sick = feel ill8.an ill man = a bad man“一个坏人”Lesson151.after +一段时间“多长时间以后”常用于过去时in + 一段时间“多长时间以后”常用于将来时2.every, some, any, no形容词作定语时需要后置；与 one, body, thing组合起来的词叫不定代词, 不定代词作主语, 三单处理；3.turn into“变成”turn into“把变成” 4.are called = are named lesson171. play with“与一起玩”“拿来玩”2. keep“使某人 / 某物保持某状态或某位置”,后面可加介词短语、形容词或动词的ing形式作宾补；keep“饲养 动物 " = feed3. What about .= How about . " 怎么样？”（ 1 ）用于向对方提出建议或征求对方的看法,后接名词或动名词.（ 2 ）用于询问对方或第三者和已知情形有关的各种情形；4. might情态动词,表示可能、不确定、期望、许可等,相当于may ,但更带迟疑、动听、谦逊等颜色,意为“可能,或许,可以”；无人称和数的变化,后接动词原形；5. need实义动词通常用作在确定句中 , 也可用于否定句和疑问句中； need sth.need to do sth.need doing sth.主语与 need后的动名词有动宾关系时,用need doing sth.6. need情态动词多用于疑问句和否定句中,无时态和人称变化,后接动词原形need not do sth.用于一般疑问句时,确定回答用must ,否定回答用needn t；Lesson181. slow dowm减速 减慢 怠工 The car is slowing down.2. take sb. for a walk带某人去漫步Would you like to take me for a walk. take / go for a walk去漫步 They often go for a walk after supper.3. Thinkof考虑认为想起记得 词语联想 thinkout想出thinkover认真考虑think about考虑摸索4.named=called5. 过去将来时结构 was/were going to +动原would +动原 （表示过去将要发生的动作,常用在宾语从句中）Lesson191. let sdo sthlet s not do sth2. That would be fun.主语+would +动词原形 过去将来时 3. 询问看法： what how about doing sthlet s do sthshall we do sth why not do sthwhy don t you do sth4. protect -from doing爱护 - 不受 - 的损害stopsb from doing阻挡某人做某事5. go extinct灭亡6. might表确定的推测,可能性小 must表确定的推测,确定、肯定 can t 表否定的推测,不行能 Lesson201.stop sb from doing sth阻挡某人做某事 2.quiet指寂静的 , 安静的 .没有干扰活动 . silent主要用于人指”缄默的 ,不出声的”但不肯定没有活动.calm指”冷静的 , 寂静的”指人冷静冷静 , 指自然无风浪 . 多强调心理活动 .Lesson211. make sb./sth. Mad2. throughprep.“从空间 里面,中心 穿过” acrossprep.“从表面通过” 3.nearlyadv.“几乎,差不多”Eg ： We are nearly there.我们快要到了 almostadv.“几乎,差不多”程度更接近一些We are almost there.我们就要到了多数情形下两者可通用； 但 nearly不能修饰否定词, 但可被 not 修饰；almost可修饰否定词, 但不行被 not 修饰；Lesson221. mean v.“意思是,意味着”,其后接名词或宾语从句；2. play a joke on sb/play a trick on sb.取笑某人,讲笑话； 3.get out of从出来,离开4.tell sb to do sth.告知某人做某事tell sb not to do sth.告知某人不要做某事 Lesson231. look up查找 get/be married“结婚”get/be married to sb.“和某人结婚”2. One of +形容词最高级 + 名词复数,“最之一”作主语三单处理3. no other people = nobody else“没有其他人”4. in the world在世界上 5.in the dictionary在词典中 6. explain to说明7. be famous/well-known for“以闻名（闻名）”be famous/well-known as “作为而闻名” be famous as对而闻名8. keep sb./sth. inside/ outside“保持某人 / 某物在里面 / 外面”Lesson241.No smoking.禁止抽烟！ No parking.禁止停车！Lesson251. fill with用把装满常用作befilled witheg: She filled the bag with books.The bag was filled with books.2. cover with用把 . 掩盖常用作 becoveredwitheg: They coveredthe seeds with earth.The seeds were covered with earth.3. be sure确信的 ;有把握的 , 常用结构 : be sure of; be sure+ that从句.be sure of doing sth.是对自己而言 , 而 be sure to do sth.就是对别人或其他物而言,除非是祈使句 . eg: They are sure of winning the match.They are sure to win the match. 是他们自己有信心 别人对他们有信心4. observe sb.doing sth./ do sth.用法与 hear /see/ watch/find/notice相同5. happen to sb.某人发生什么？ happen to sb.某人发生什么事？Lesson261. turn over: turn upside down“翻转,倒扣”2. put on“穿上,戴上”强调动作过程wear“穿者,戴着”强调状态3. dry oneselfoff“把自己弄干”Lesson271. in front of“在外部的前面”in the front of“在内部的前面”2. interesting“好玩的” interested“感爱好的”be interested in3. take sth. offaway from sth.“使离开或脱离”take sth. off“从 身上 脱下” take off“ 指飞机等 起飞,匆忙离去”4. take away“拿走” take it/them away5. surprising“令人惊奇的”surprised“感到惊奇的”be surprised atLesson281.be the opposite of是的反义词 2.taste系动词 link v.后加形容词作表语3. untilprep. 介词conj. 连词引导时间状语从句 until “直到” “直到 . 为止“ not until“直到才”Lesson291. have fun doing sth.= enjoy doing sth.“喜爱做某事”2. It s fun to do/doing sth.“做有乐趣”3. There is much/no fun in doing sth.4. have fun = enjoy oneself = have a good time“玩得兴奋” 5.arrive in +大地方arrive at +小地方可单独使用6.make eggs = lay eggs“产卵,生蛋”7. find“找到”强调找的结果look for = hunt for“查找”强调动作过程8. everywhere= here and there = at/in every place9. be full of = be filled with“布满”Lesson301. make/let/have sth./sb. do sth.“使某物 / 某人做某事” 2.make the candle burn = light the candle3.use sth. up“用完 材料 ,设法利用 剩余的材料或时间 ” 4.eat up“吃光”drink up“喝光”5. 分数的表达法：分子用基数词,分母用序数词；分子大于1 时,分母加 S；Lesson 311. hold the water up = keep the water in the jar2. push down on sth./sb. from abovepush up on sth./sb. from below. Lesson321. 一般将来时态结构： will/shall +动原带有感情颜色amis, are going to +动原方案/ 准备做某事Lesson331. somewhere只用于确定句“某处”2. anywhere用于否定句和疑问句,“什么地方”也可用于确定句“任何地方”3.across = across from“在 . 另一边 , 在 .对过 面 ” 4.take“花费”It takes sb. some time to do sth.5.rapid:adj.rapidlyadv.指动作或运动本身快,急速；fast adj.&adv. 指动作的速度,即表示动作本身的快速；quickadj.quickly adv. 表示即刻行动,毫不迟疑；6.more rapid = rapider“更快的” 7.It takes sb. some time to do sth. Lesson341. put togetherput and together“装配 ,组成 , 凑成” 2.get on/ off “上/ 下车” 指公共汽车 ,火车, 船,飞机get in/into the carget out of the car“上/ 下小汽车”3.at a speed of以的速度Lesson351. Certainly.= Sure. = Of course.2.100 years from now = in 100 years“在 100年后”用于一般将来时3. You d better = You had betterhad better do sth.“最好做某事”had better not do sth.“最好不要做某事”4. as long as“只要”引导条件状语从句Lesson361. leave sth.“把某物遗忘在什么地方”2. forget sth.“遗忘某物”3. get on/ off“上/ 下车” 指公共汽车 , 火车,船,飞机4. get in/into the carget out of the car“上 / 下小汽车”5. It s such a delight乐事 to have friends from afar.有朋自远方来不亦乐乎；6. in a hurry“急匆忙地”Lesson371. Withprep.具有,携带 -withoutprep.没有2. Turn on打开（电器） -turn off关（电器） 3.fueln.燃料 不行数名词 Lesson381. skate n. & vi1) n.滑冰鞋 a pair of skates一双滑冰鞋2 v.滑冰 go skating去滑冰2. 询问职业 :1) What do/does+主语+do.2 ）What +be+主语. 3.send的用法：1) send sb. sth. =send sth. to sb.寄给某人某物I ll send him a message tomorrow.=I ll send a message to him tomorrow.我明天将给他捎个信去；2) send sb. to do sth.派某人做某事They have sent some workers to help the farmers.他们已经派了一些工人去帮忙那些农夫；3) send away赶走；解雇The teacher wanted to send Tom away from school.老师想把汤姆从学校撵走；4 send for派人去请His mother sent for a doctor.他妈妈派人去请医生；5 ） send up发射China has sent up man-made satellites to circle the earth.中国已经发射了环绕地球的人造卫星；4.space与 skyspace作 “太空”讲 ,泛指肉眼看不见的地方 ;sky的意思是“天空” , 表示距离较近的 , 肉眼能观察的空间； 5.all the time始终,始终6. 有关 time的习语1) at times=sometimes有时,间或My father goes home late at times.我父亲有时晚回家；2) in time准时The doctor came in time to save her life.医生准时地赶到救了她；3) on time按时The train arrived on time.火车按时到那儿；4) take one s time渐渐来,别焦急Take your time, there s no hurry.渐渐地干,不要焦急；Lesson391. 可以修饰比较级的副词有：a lotmucha littleevenstill2. soundn.指各种声音3. present to“把介绍 呈现,表现 给某人” 4.go well = be all right = OK“进展正常 顺当 ” 5.presentv.presentationn.Lesson401. Soundslike听起来像 2.in a hurry.匆忙忙忙；4.go through穿行5.all the time= always始终,总是Lesson421. program = programme2. click on“点击 ”3. finish doing sth.只能用 v-ing形式而不用不定式作宾语的词有：finish, enjoy,keep,mind,dislike4. not anymore/any more = no more5. hear from sb.=get/receive a letter/an e-mail/a phone from sb.6. hear of = hear about“听说 ”Lesson43收“到某人来信 / 邮件/ 电话”1.information不行数名词 2.farfartherfarthest3. begin to do sth.begin doing sth.只能用不定式作宾语的三种情形：1) 当主语是物时The ice begins to melt.2) 当 begin在句中是 beginning形式时He was beginning to set off.3) 当 begin后面的动词是表示心理活动的词,如：realize 熟悉到 ,know, think, understand等时He began to realize how his parents loved him.4. by hand“靠手,用手 ” by“通过 的方式5. 可修饰比较级的词有： much, a lot, a little, a bit, even,still等；而 so, very, too, quite, rather等不能修饰比较级,只能修饰原级；6. look up“在词典或参考书中 查阅” look the word up = look up the wordlook it uplook them up7. which“那一个,那一些 ”Lesson441. 辨析： tool与 instrumenttool指工匠或工人用手操作的简洁工具；instrument指乐器、仪器、器具等2. get/give /teach sb. a lesson给某人一个教训learn ones lesson吸取教训；3. missvt ：未赶上；怀念,思念；丢失missingadj. 丢失的,不见的4. search after探究,查找search for搜查search into调查search out找出search +范畴 + for+对象在. 探究 查找 .5. 两三个月： two monthsor three=two or three months Lesson451. right now1) 现在,此刻,可用于一般现在时和现在进行时；2) 立刻,立刻,同义短语有：right away, right off, at once, right straight等；2. till prep. & conj.直到 为止,用法基本与 until相同1until用在确定句中,主句用连续性动词；2 until用在否定句中时,主句用非连续性动词；until可以放在句首, till一般不放在句首；3. wait a moment稍等一会儿 a moment ago刚才,at any moment任何时候； at the moment=now此刻,那时；in a moment立刻,立刻,一会儿； just a moment=wait for a moment稍等一下the moment=as soon as一 就4. yet用作副词,用于否定句中,通常置于句末,也可紧接于not 之后,表示 “到此时,至今 ”；用于疑问句,表示“已经、仍 ”；用于确定句中,表示 “仍,似,更 ”等；5. yet与 alreadyalready已经,业已；从前,通常用于确定句中already通常置于动词、助动词之后或行为动词之前,如置于句末就表示惊奇；6. question和 problem都是名词；都表示“问题 ”；question意义广泛,多指要求回答的问题,而problem是指较难或有待解决的问题,或者是客观存在的问题Lesson461. try to do sth.2. 意思是 “努力或尽力做 ”；而 try doing sth意思是 “试着做 ”eg :He tried to climb the tree,but he could not .she tried cooking the meat in wine instead of water.3. while“当 的时候,引导时间状语从句,表示连续的时间段4. alive形容词 “活着的 ”,不能用做前置定语修饰名词5. not all ofthem“并非全部都 ”否定词加 all 或 both表示部分否定其全部否定分别由none或 neither表示6. Whatever“无论什么,不管什么”在这儿作宾语,相当于anything thatwhatever仍可以作主语,也可引导状语从句,相当于no matter what .eg:Whatever the perents do is for their children. Whatever I do,I do it for you.7. since介词,连词 “自以来,自以后 ”8. alone“独自的,单独的 ”, lonely“孤独的,荒芜的 ”9. take care of=look after “照管,照管 ”Lesson471. fail to do sth.“遗忘,忽视或未能做某事”2. fail（ in ） sth.“在某方面失败”Faildoing sth.“在做某事遭到失败”3. reach him by telephone = get in touch with him by telephone4. feel like = feel as if/ thoughfeel like +宾语从句“觉得,似乎 ”feel like +名词“想要 ” 感“到像 ,摸起来像 ”feel like + v-ing形式“想要做某事 ”5. ifconj.“假如 ”引导条件状语从句；ifconj.“是否 ”引导宾语从句；6. be connected to表示抽象意义的“连接,联系 ”7. connect to表示 “把 和一般为实物 连接起来）8. send a message to sb.“送个信儿给某人 ”take a message for sb.“给某人捎个信儿 ”9. help each other“相互帮忙 ”learn from each other“相互学习 ”10. It won t be long till/before Lesson481. by hand2. take a message for, take care of 3.turn on4.wait for.Lesson49“用不了多长就 了”1. ChinesemathsEnglishhistorygeographybiologyP.E. physicspoliticsartmusiccomputer2. population（ 1 ）集合名词,无复数形式,谓语动词用单数形式；（2 ）它之前如有分数或百分数修饰时,用于指详细人数作主语时,谓语动词就用复数形式（3 ）指人口 “多”或“少”时,一般用 large或small来表示（ 4 ）表示某个地方有多少人口时,一般说 hasapopulationof 或 Thepopulation of is（5 ）提问 “有多少人口 ”时,用 what或 how large3. everadv.“曾经 ”常用于疑问句或否定句中,常用于现在完成时态4. abroadadv.“在国外,到国外,出国 ”be abroadgo abroad“出国 ”5. have/has been to表示 “曾到过某地 ”have/has gone to表示 “已经去某地了 不在此地 ”6. Japann.“日本 ”Japaneseadj.“日本的,日本人的”n.“日语,日本人 ”7. some day = someday“将来某一天 ”8. one day“将来某一天 ” 或“过去某一天 ”9. It s +名词 / 形容词 + to do sth.“做某事是 的”It s形+容词 + （ for sb. ） + to do sth.“对某人而言做某事是 的”10. t