2022年新版新目标英语八级下册unit7知识点总结.docx

unit 7 学问点总结新版新目标英语八年级下册一、重点短语八年级英语下册单元学问点总结Unit 7What s the highest mountain in the world.1. the population of China中国的人口2. one of the oldest countries 最古老的国家之一3. feel free to do sth.随便地做某事4. as far as I know据我所知as you can see正如你所观察的 ,5. mountain climbing/climbing mountains登山运动6. live up to活到7. higher than any other mountain比其他任何一座山高8. of all 在全部的 .中9. run along绵延,横亘 10. another 200 or so仍有大约 200 左右11. one of the world s most dangerous sports 最危急的运动之一12.one of the most popular places最受欢迎的地方之一13.risk their lives冒着他们的生命危急14. challenge oneself挑战自我15. in the face of difficulties面临困难16. take in air呼吸空气17. the first people to do sth.第一个做某事的人18. achieve one s dream 实现某人的理想= make ones dream come true19. the forces of nature自然界的力气20. reach the top到达顶峰21. even though虽然; 尽管22. at birth在诞生的时候23. be awake醒着24. run over with excitement兴奋地跑过去25. walk into sb.撞到某人26. die from 死于27. fall over被绊倒28. take care of照管; 照管29. every two years每两年30. cut down the forests砍伐林木31. endangered animals濒危动物32. fewer and fewer pandas大熊猫越来越少33. be in danger处于危急之中34. the importance of saving these animals挽救这些动物的重要性35. wild animals 野生动物sea life 海洋生物36. water pollution水污染37. only live for a short time because of illnesses 由于疾病仅活很短的时间38. make more homes for the pandas 为大熊猫建造更多的家园39.stop putting rubbish into the sea停止往大海里丢垃圾40.protect from 爱护免于的损害e.g. protect children from catching a cold.爱护孩子免于感冒41.in the remaining forests 在剩下的森林里二. 重点短语句型详解1. The elephant weights many times more than this panda这.【解析 1】weigh v称 的重量 weight n 重量头大象的重量是这只熊猫的许多倍；【记】 She weighs herself every day and wants to lose weight.【解析 2】time “是的几倍”主语 + 数词 + times + as +形容词 + as +被比较的内容Our new school is four times as big as the old one.“次数”一次 once两次 twice三次及三次以上 ：基数词 + times three times 三次 three or four times 三到四次【短语】 many times 许多倍last time 在上次 时 every time 每次/每回each time每当 时the first time 第一次时next time 当下次 时【句型 】Its time for sth . 或 It s time for sb . to do sth .意为：该是的时候了e.g. Its time for dinner .Its time for children to go to bed .【2022 浙江杭州 2】We have two ears and one mouth so that we can listenwe speak.A. as twice much asB. twice as much asC. as much as twiceD. as much twice as 2.At birth, a baby panda is abouttokilos.【解析】 at birth 诞生时（用作时间状语）give birth to sb/ sth 生孩子；产仔3.A panda can live up totoyears.【解析】 up to 高达up to +数量词达到 （某数量、程度等）；至多e.g. I can take up to four people in my car.直到 （现在）be up to sb. “由某人打算”e.g. Shall we go out or stay in . It s up to you.4. Lin Wei and the other panda keepers are preparing the milk for the baby pandabsreakfast.【解析】 preparefor 为预备1). prepare sth表. 示"预备",后接名词或代词作宾语；Our English teacher was preparing the lessons when I came into the office.2). prepare to do sth表. 示"预备做"；They were preparing to cross the river when it began to rain.3). prepare for sth表.示"为 做预备" ；The students are busy preparing for the final exam.5. At 9:00 a.m, they find that most of the babies are already awake and hungry.【解析】 awakeadj. 醒来 （反义词） asleep 睡着的She was awak all night.V. 唤醒；使醒来= wake upThe noise awak me.【2022 江苏苏州】 Do you lie醒着的） at night, worrying about things？ He fellearly last night, and he wasearly this morning.A. sleep; wakeB. asleep; wakeC. asleep; awakeD. sleep ; awake6. When the babies see the keepers, they run over with excitement and some of them even walk into their friends and fall down.【解析 1】run over 撞倒 run ran run running runner 赛跑的人【 短 语 】 run after 追 逐 , 追 求run away from 从 跑 掉 ; 逃 避run out 某 物 被 用完run out of 用完某物run into 无意间遇到 ,和相撞exciting 形容词,表示 " 令人兴奋的；使人兴奋的" ,指人、事、物本身让人兴奋、兴奋【解析 2】excitement 兴奋；兴奋He told us an exciting story yesterday. excite v " 使兴奋" excitement n 兴奋；兴奋Are you excited about going to Beijinge.xcited 形容词,表示" 兴奋的 ",指人、物be excited about 对 感到兴奋对 感到兴奋,是（主动地感到）兴奋的to ones excitement 使某人兴奋的是【2022 遂宁 2】Everyone waswhen they heard thenews.A. exciting, exciting Bexcited,exciting Cexcitingexcited【解析 3】fall down 跌倒fall “落下, 跌落,降落”,指在重力的作用下落下, 或失去平稳而跌落 The leaves fall in the autumn. fall down 强调的是“滑倒、倒下”,后接宾语时应加上介词 from The book fell down from the table to the floor.【短语】 fall down 倒下 fall over 落在.之上, 脸朝下跌倒fall off 下降, 跌落 fall over “向前摔倒、跌倒” ；【2022 四川凉山】 What happened to Mare He fell the bike a snowy morning.A.off; inB.down; at C.off; on7. The baby often die from illness and do not live very long熊. 猫幼崽常死于疾病,并且活不久；【解析 1】die v. （连续性动词） be dead 死,死亡 deathn. 死,死亡 dead adj. 死的 dying adj. 将死的 Lucys dog sdie yesterday. Itsmade her sad. His grandpadie for five years .Hefor two years. We are still sad about his.A. died; deadB. died; deathC. has been dead; deadD. has been dead; death The doctoraboy yesterday.A. saved; dyingB. saved; dead C. has saved; dead【解析 2】illness 疾病；病ill /sick共同点： " 生病的；有病的 "不同点： ill adj." 生病的；有病的 " 作表语,不能作定语be ill in hospitalsick 作表语 /作定语, "病人"a sick man 或 the sick,She is ill / sick in bed. 她卧病在床； She is looking after her sick father .【拓展】 sick "恶心的；厌倦的 "The smell makes me sick.【2022 甘肃白银】 25. He can t even move because of hisill.8. Adult pandas spend more than 12 hours a day eating about 10 kilos of bamboo.【解析】 spend in doing 花时间做某事【】spend/pay/cost/take 花费1spendspentspent v 花费,主语是人 sb.+ spend +时间/钱+on sth sb. +spend +时间/钱+（ in） doing sth spend on= pay for 支付【解析 2】He spends too much time on the computer games. Remember to spend some time your loved ones, becaeusthey re not going to be around forever.A. fromB. withC. inD. on(2) pay paid paid v 支付,主语是人 sb.+ pay + 钱+for sthI pay 10 yuan for the book. How much did youfor this computer. Five hundred dollars.A. costB. takeC. spendD. pay(3) cost cost costv 花费,主语是某物或某事 sth cost sb. +钱 某物花费某人多少钱 A new computer costs me a lot of money.【2022 广西贵港】 I bought a new sweater last weekend. Itme 120 yuan.A. paidB. takeC. costD. spend 4taketook taken v 花费 It takes /took sb. some time to do sth.做某事花费某人多长时间【解析 2】 It takes him 3 hours to do his homework.【2022 黑龙江绥化】 10. It willthem several years to learn English well.A. costB. takeC. spend【2022 曲靖中考】 -Are you always online.-Yes. Itme a lot of time to read the web pages I likes.It s the best way to kill time.A. takesB. spendsC. usesD. pays【2022 鞍山】It onlyhim 20 minutesto his office every day.A. takes, to driveB. took, driveC. takes, driveD. took, to drive【2022 湖北荆州】 22. It usuallyMum about half an hour to cook supper.A. paysB. takesC. spendsD. costs【2022 四川雅安】4. I spent $5this book.A. inB. to buyC. buyingD. buy9. Scientists say there are now fewer than 2000 pandas living in the remaining forests.【解析】 There be + 名词（短语） + ving. 某处有某人或某物在做某事Thee is a truck collecting rubbish outside.【解析】 remind v 保持,仍是（系动词 +adj. ） Though he has been working hard, his math remains. A. badB. badlyC.OK At the meeting ,they said nothing butquiet.A. tookB makeC. reminded【2022 辽宁鞍山】 25. Can I smoke in the dining hall.Sorry. It's not.A. promisedB. realizedC. allowedD. reminded10. Another 200 or so live in zoos or research centers in China and other countries.【解析 1】another +数词另外的 , 再another 同类事物（三个以上）的另一个,【解析 2】I don't like this one, please show me another. some. others 一些,另一些Some boys are reading; others are listening to the radio. one . the other 表示两者里面的另一个！I've bought two sweaters . One is for you and the other is for my brother.other +复数名词Where are the other students.【2022 孝感 3】22. My family has two dogs. One is white,is black.A. other B. anotherC. the other D. others来源:学科网 【2022 福建南平】 Have you finished your work yet. No, no t yet. It ll take me ten minutes.A. otherB. anotherC. the other12. We all hope that in the future there will be a lot more pandas than now.【解析】 there be 句型的将来时【2022 铜仁】 Theres going to an English evening tonight. Would you like to go with us.Id love to.A. haveB. hasC. isD. be【2022 黔西南】two soccer games in our school next week .A. There is hasB. There are haveC. There are going to beD. There is goingto be【2022 湘西】 Do you think there robots in Peopleinstheomfuetusre.A. will beB. will isC. be will13. Another reason for fewer and fewer pandas is because people are cutting down forests so pandas have fewer places to live and less bamboo to eat.【解析】比较级 +and +比较级越来越【2022 安徽芜湖 1】Funtawild Adventure is very popular andtourists visit it year by year.A. more and moreB. fewer and fewerC. less and less D. more or less【2022 湖北恩施 2】 Farmers have becomein our hometown in recent years.A. more and more richB. richer and richerC. more rich and more rich【2022 辽宁鞍山 1】After rebuilding, our school is becoming.A. more and more beautifulB. more beautiful and beautifulC. beautiful and beautifulD. the more beautiful（二）形容词和副词的比较级和最高级形容词及副词的比较级和最高级变化形式一、规章变化1. 一般在词尾直接加 er 或 est, tall-taller-tallest,long-longer-longest2. 以不发音的字母 e 结尾的单词在词尾直接加r 或 st, nice-nicer-nicest3.以辅音字母 +y 结尾的词,把 y 变为 i,再加 er 或 est, heavy-heavier-heaviest4. 重读闭音节,末尾只有一个辅音字母,双写这个辅音字母,再加er 或 est, big-bigger-biggest【注】: 大,红,湿,热,悲,瘦,胖.双写末辅再变级 .（ big/red/wet/hot/sad/thin/fat ）5. 部分双音节词和多音节词分别在原级前加more 构成比较级和 most 构成最高级, beautiful-more beautiful-most beautiful【注】:表示否定意义在其前加 less /leastimportant-less important-least importantEnglish is more interesting than Chinese =Chinese is less interesting than English . 6.由 “形容词 +ly ”构成的副词 ,在其前加 more/ mostslowly-more slowly-most slowly ；但 early earlier-earliest原级good/well many/much littleoldbad/badly/ill far比较级better more lessold / elderworse最高级best most leastold /eldestworstfarther 距离/further（程度） farthest/furthest二、不规章变化以下单、双音节词只能加 more 和 most注: 形容词 ,副词同形有 : back , high , well ,fast, early, late ,straight三、常见用法形容词或副词的比较级 +than；如： You are taller than Tom. 你比 Tom 高；可修饰比较级的词 a bit, a little, rather, much, far, a lot, a great deal, any, still, even.