2022年大学英语第一单元试题与答案.docx

精品学习资源Online HomeWork_U1B3I. Reading Comprehension Section AFast ReadingBack in a tiny village near Nuremberg, lived a family with eighteen children. Justto keep food on the table for the family members, the father worked almost eighteen hours a day. Two of Albrecht Durer the Elders children, Albrecht and Albert, wanted to pursue talent for art, but they knew that their father would never be financially able to send either of them to Nuremberg to study at the academy.After many discussions, the two boys decided to toss a coin. The loser would go down into the nearby mines and, with his earnings, support his brother while he attended the academy. Then, when that brother who won the coin toss completed his studies, he would support the other brother at the academy, either with the sales of his artwork or, if necessary, also by laboring in the mines.They tossed a coin after coming back fromchurch on a Sunday morning.Albrecht Durer won the toss and went off to Nuremberg. Albert went down into the dangerous mines and financed his brother, whose work at the academy was an almost immediate sensation. Albrechts etchings 版画, woodcuts 木刻画 and oils were far better than those of most of his professors, and by the time he graduated, he was beginning to earn considerable fees for his commissioned works.When Albrecht Durer returned to his village, the family held a big dinner to celebrate Albrechts homecoming. After the meal, Albrecht rose to drink a toast to his beloved brother for the sacrifice that had enabled Albrecht to fulfill his ambition. He said, “Albert, now it is your turn to go to Nuremberg to pursue your dream, and I will take care of you”.Albert rose and glanced down the long table at the faces he loved, and said softly, “No, brother. Look what four years in the mines have done to my hands. The bones in every finger have been smashed at least once, and lately I have been suffering from arthritis 关节炎 so badly in my right hand that I cannot even hold a glass to return your toast, much less make delicate lines on canvas画布 with a brush.”By now, Albrecht Durer s hundreds of masterful portraits, sketches and woodcutshang in every great museum in the world, but most people are familiar with only one of Albrecht Durers works. More than merely being familiar with it, you very well may have a reproduction hanging in your home or office.To pay homage to Albert, Albrecht Durer drew his brothers hands with palms together and thin fingers stretched skyward. He called his drawing “Hands,”but the entire world immediately opened their hearts to his great masterpiece and named it “The Praying Hands”.Statements based on the passage:T 1. The father of Durer family could not afford any childs study at the academy.F 2. Albrecht and Albert had to toss a coin to decide who should go to the academy, because one of them had to stay at home and help their father.F 3. Before deciding to toss a coin, Albrecht and Albert had many discussions with欢迎下载精品学习资源their father.T 4. Albrecht achieved great success at the academy, and his works were even better than most of his professors.F 5. Albrecht decided to support Albert s study at the academy with the sales of hisartwork and by laboring in the mines.F 6. Albert said it was too late for him to go to the academy because he was no longer interested in art after working in the mines for many years.F 7. Although Albrecht had many masterful portraits, only one of them has received popular recognition.T 8. Among Albrechts works, “Hands”is the one which is reproduced most.T 9. Albrecht created “Hands”in order to show respect and honor for his brother Albert.F 10. People renamed Albrecht s drawing “The Praying Hands”because they just wanted to pay homage to his great achievement.Section BPassage ReadingPassage 1Valentines Day probably has its origin in the ancient Roman celebration called Lupercalia 牧神 节. It was celebrated on February 15. In the Roman calendar February was in the spring. The celebration honored the gods Lupercus and Faunus as well as the twin brothers Romulus and Remus, the legendary founders of Rome. As part of the ceremony the priests paired up young men and women. The girls names were placed in a box and each boy drew a girl s name. The couple was paired then until the next Lupercalia.In 260 AD the emperor Claudius II, called Claudius the Cruel, decided that young soldiers would only be distracted by marriage and so ordered that young men may not marry. Valentinus Valentine, a Christian priest, defied the emperor and got married in secret. He was caught and executed on February 14, the eve of Lupercalia. His name became associated with young love forever after. In 496, Pope Gelasius set aside February 14 to honor him as Saint Valentine and it has been St. Valentinse Day ever since.In the Middle Ages some of the customs of the Lupercalia still persisted in spite of the attempts of the Church to put an end to these non-Christian customs and Christianize the holiday. Both men and women drew names from a bowl to see who their valentines would be. They would wear the names on their sleevesfor a week. Today we still sometimes “wear our hearts on our sleeves”when we cannot conceal our feelings.In the 1600s, it became common to give flowers, particularly the rose, as a sign of love as the “language of flowers ”. This came to Europe from Turkey. The color and placement of the rose held a special significance-a red rose, for example, meant beauty. Flowers have been part of Valentines Day ever since.D 11. What does the passage mainly tell us.A. The custom of Valentines Day.欢迎下载精品学习资源B. A story about how Valentinus defied the emperor.C. The relationship between marriage and religion.D. The origin of Valentines Day.B 12. Young soldiers were not allowed to marry because the emperor was afraid that .A. they would associate with St. ValentineB. they wouldnt concentrate on their jobC. they would defy the emperors orderD. they were too young to marryC 13. What does the word“defied”underlined in Paragraph 2 probably mean.A. Followed.B. Tried to cheat.C. Refused to obey.D. Condemned.B 14. The day February 14 has been St. Valentinseday since .A. 260 ADB. 496 ADC. the founding of RomeD. the Middle AgesB 15. According to Paragraph 3, what does the phrase “wear our hearts on our sleeves”mean.A. To hide our true feelings.B. To show our true feelings openly.C. To demonstrate our love.D. To keep our feelings in our mind.Passage 2In Africa and Asia there is a very serious disease called schistosomiasis 血 吸虫病. It is caused by a tiny worm which can penetrate the skin of a human being and cause a potentially serious illness. The larvae 幼虫 of these worms live incertain types of snails. When they are ready, the larvae leave the snails and enter the bodies of men and animals.In many African rivers there is a large animal called a hippopotamus. It looks rather like an enormous sausage with short legs and a big mouth. Hippos spend much of their time in the river and they do not seem to serve any purpose. Because of this, some African governments ordered that the great animals should be shot on sight to provide meat for local people. When hunters killed most of the hippos in some areas, the number of casesof the disease increased rapidly. There were outbreaks of the disease inareas whichhad not previouslyexperienced it.Atfirst,the health authorities could not understand the reason why the disease had spread. They made欢迎下载精品学习资源investigations and discovered some very surprising facts.When they are in the water, hippos keep the muddy water in motion because they move about frequently. When they climb up on the river bank, they go in single file, making natural channels down which rain water can flow into the river. Without the hippos, mud gathered in the rivers and caused them to run over their banks. At the same time, rain water was unable to drain into the rivers easily, and this helped to produce floods. Certain types of water snail breed rapidly on flooded land, carrying with them the larvae which spread schistosomiasis.Now African governments are importing hippos so that Nature can do her workproperly and keep the water snails under control. This is one example of what happens when Man interferes with the work of Nature.A 16. We know that a potentially serious illness is caused when.A. the skin of a human being is penetrated by a tiny wormB. the larvae of snails enter the bodies of human beingsC. human beings keep pet snailsD. human beings eat too much meat of hipposD 17. Why were hippos shot to death in Africa.A. Because they look like sausages with short legs and big mouth.B. Because some governments wanted to provide meat for local people.C. Because there were too many hippos in the river.D. Because they were considered useless.A 18. Why did schistosomiasis spread in some areas in Africa.A. Because many hippos were killed.B. Because there were too many channels in the river.C. Because the number of the larvae was increased.D. Because the water snails were kept under control.D 19. Accordingto the passage, which of the followingis true about African governments.A. They didnt build enough channels to drain the floods.B. Theycouldnt findout the connection between hippos and the spread of schistosomiasis.C. They are trying to kill water snails which carry the larvae with schistosomiasis.D. They are trying to control the spread of schistosomiasis in an eco-friendly way.C 20. Nature cannot do her work in a satisfactory way if.A. too many hippos are killedB. governments interfere with local peopleC. man interferes with the work of natureD. a disease spreads欢迎下载精品学习资源Section CReading in DepthIn the 1990s, everyone believed that education was the key to economic success. A college degree, even a postgraduate degree, waGs for everyone who wanted a good job as one of those“symbolic analysts”.But computers are proficient at analyzing symbols； it is the messinessof thereal world that they have trouble with. Therefore, many of the jobs that once required a college degree have been E . The others can be done by any intelligent person, whether or not he has studied literature.This trend should have been K in 1996, when “downsizing”suddenly becamenews. Because, for the first time, white-collar, college-educated workers were being fired in large J , even while skilled mechanists and other blue-collar workers were in great D. This should have signaled that the days of the ever-rising wage premiums for people with higher education were over.Eventually, the eroding payoff of higher education created aC in education itself. Why should a student put himself through four years of college and several years of postgraduate work to A academic credentials with little monetary value. Nowadays, jobs that require only 6 or 12 months of vocational training pay nearly as much as if欢迎下载精品学习资源not more than a job that requires a mastesrPh.D.degree, and pay more than one requiring a欢迎下载精品学习资源So F in colleges and universities has dropped almost two-thirds since its peak at the turn of this century. Today a place like Harvard is, as it was in the 19th century, more of a social institution than a O one-a place for children of the wealthy toM their social graces and befriend others of their class.欢迎下载精品学习资源A.acquireB.abolishedC. crisisD. demandE. eliminatedF.enrollmentWord Bank欢迎下载精品学习资源G.essentiaHl . initial I. involvementJ.numbersK.obviousL. opportunityM. refineN.requireO. scholarlyII. V&SSection AWord Building31. After the rain, rain water ran over the river banks, causing considerabledamage to the villages nearby. consider32. As a supporter of educational reform, he emphasizes that students should be given homework according to their respectiveabilities. respect33. Dont overloadthe washing machine or it wont work properly. load34. In order to maintain the peace and stability in the region, the government hasentered into an international arms controal greement.agree欢迎下载精品学习资源35. The conference was totallydisorganized. Nobody knew what they were supposed to be doing. organize36. During the World WarII many wives had to endure long periods ofseparationfrom their husbands. separate37. Allthis fuss suggests, not that bosses are growing more horrible, but that employees expect them to be moreagreeable. agree38. Jack called her sister in thebelief that she would lend him some money. believe39. The New iPad is too expensive for a college student. I couldnt afford it though I am comparativelywell-off. compare40. The younger audience seemed to be confused by the story, so he tried tsoimplify the story. simpleSection BWord ReplacementB 41. The security guards failed to track down any evidence, though they knew that Tom was responsible for the stealing.A. reckonB. findC. deliverD. catchD 42. My manager always told on me whenever I did something that did not please him.A. told againstB. fought againstC. protected againstD. informed againstA 43. I think Mary and her husband still have some trouble in their relationship, but she insists that they have worked it out.A. solved itB. ignored itC. forgotten about itD. worked on itA 44. Teenagers who drop out of high school have trouble finding jobs.A. quitB. exitC. passD. enterB 45. Heavy traffic and air pollution are the problems that our government needs to reckon with for the time being.A. work withB. deal withC. start withD. along with欢迎下载精品学习资源B 46. Most of the students were listening very carefully. But there were certain students in the classroom, like Peter and John, who failed to grasp what the teacher was saying.A. grabB. understandC. handleD. captureC 47. Susan was the managers faithful assistant in whom he could have absolute confidence.A. promisingB. helpfulC. reliableD. agreeableA 48. And again she shouted in a high-pitched voice, word by word, with no attempt to restrain herself,“I cannot stand any more”.A. controlB. pushC. compressD. persuadeC 49. There is nothing remarkable about the story, which revolves around a traditional love triangle.A. valuableB. beneficialC. unusualD. Ordinary 快点C 50. The government pledges to build low-income housing units when the supply of affordable housing for poor people continues to shrink.A. proceedsB. persuadesC. promisesD. proposesSection CWord FillingB 51. It wasnt very of you to drink all the milk when you know I need some for my baby.A. considerableB. c