2022年小学六级英语四种时态总结.docx
精选资料欢迎下载学校六年级英语四种时态总结一、一般现在时标志词: always 总是 usually通常 often常常 sometimes有时 never 从不 every 每一行为动词词型变化形式一般现在时动词 只有第三人称 有词形变化,其他人称(第一人称:I, we ;其次人称: you ;第三人称复数:they 、my friends)动词均用原形当主语是第三人称单数时,一般动词在一般现在时句子中的变化规律:1 、多数在动词后加splay playslike likes ,2 、以 s, x,sh , ch , o 结尾的动词加 eswash washescatch catchesdo does 3 、以辅音字母加 y 结尾,把 y 改 i 再加 esfly fliesstudy studies4 、以元音字母加 y 结尾,直接加 sbuybuys5 、不规章变化have has一般现在时 基本用法功能1. 表示事物或人物的特点、状态;如: The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的;2. 表示常常性或习惯性的动作;如: I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床;3. 表示客观现实;如: The earth goes around the sun.地球围着太阳转;The earth is round.构成1. be动词:主语 +beam,is,are+其它;如: I am a boy.我是一个男孩;2. 行为动词:主语 +行为动词 + 其它 ;如: We study English.我们学习英语;句型确定句 : A.be 动词:主语 + be +其它成分He is a worker.B. 行为动词:主语 + 动词 留意人称变化 + 其它成分We like the little cat.否定句 : A.be 动词:主语 + be + not+ 其它成分They are not students.B. 行为动词:主语 + 助动词 do/does + not+ 动词原形 +其它成分We dont like the little cat.一般疑问句 : A.be 动词: Am / Is /Are+ 主语 + 其它成分Are you a teacher. Yes, I am. / No, I am not.Are they students of your school.Yes they are / No they aren,t.B. 行为动词:助动词 Do/Does+ 主语+ 动词原形 + 其它成分Do you like it. Yes, I do. / No. I dont .Does heshe like it. Yes, he she does. / No, he she doesnt. 特殊疑问句 :疑问词 + 一般疑问句A. be 动词: How many students are there in your school.B. 行为动词: What do you usually do on Sunday.一般现在时动词 be 和 have 的变化形式1. 动词 Be叫连系动词 , 用法:第一人称单数用am ,第三人称单数用is,其它人称用 are ;- - - - - - - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 14 页精品pdf资料可编辑资料- - - - - - - - - - - - - -2. 动词 have 的用法:第三人称单数用has 以外,其它人称一律用have ;如 :留意事项1. 在英国,人们常用have got代替 have ,特殊在疑问句和否定句中;2. 当 have 假如不表示 “有”时,构成疑问或否定句时,就借助于助动词do, does如: I have a new pen .否: I have not a new pen. 表示有 I have lunch at 12 oclock.否: I don t have lunch at 12 oclock. 表示吃 二现在进行时:标志词: now, look, listen, It +s时间 . 现在进行时 :表示正在进行的、发生的动作基本结构:ambeis+ 动词 ing are确定句:主语+ be动词 am, are, is+现在分词( ing ) + 其他I am watching TV.否定句:主语+ be 动词 + not+现在分词( ing )+ 其他I am not watching TV.一般疑问句: Be 动词 Am, Are, Is+主语 + 现在分词( ing ) +其他Are you watching TV.Yes, I am. / No, I am not.特殊疑问句:疑问词 + 一般疑问句What are you doing?动词的 -ing形式的 变化规律 :1. 直接加 -ingwatch watchingclean cleaning2. 以-y结尾的动词,直接加 -ingstudy studyingplay playing3. 以不发音的 -e结尾的动词,先去 -e再加 -ingmake makingcome coming4. 末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节动词, 双写末尾字母,再加 -ingcut cutting三、一般将来时的用法:表示将来某一时刻的动作或状态,或将来某一段时间内常常的动作或状态;标志词: tomorrow(明天), the day after tomorrow(后天), next(下一个),from now on(从现在开头), in the future(将来), soon (不久)等结构: 1 be( am,is ,are) +going to+动词原形 2 will+动词原形“be goi ng to+ 动词原形(准备 ) ”= ”will+ 动词原形(将,会 ) ”I m going to study tomorrow.I will study tomorrow.精选资料欢迎下载( be going to着重于事先考虑好will未事先考虑好) -一般不用考虑确定句:主语+ be am, are, is going to+动词原形 .主语 + will+ 动词原形否定句:主语+ be am, are, is not going to主语 + wont+动词原形 .+ 动词原形 .一般疑问句: Be Am, Are, Is+主语 + going to +动词原形 .Will +主语 + 动词原形 .特殊疑问句:疑问词 + 一般疑问句?留意: will常简略为 'll ,并与主语连写在一起,如:I'll , he'll , it'll ,we'll ,you'll , they'll ;四、一般过去时标志词: yesterday昨天 , last 上一个 , this morning(今日早上), ago 以前 , before 在之前 , in 2002在 20XX 年 等用法:表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,常和表示过去的时间状语连用;也表示过去常常或反复发生的动作动词过去式 变化规章 :1 一般在动词末尾加 -ed如: watch-watched, cook-cooked 2 结尾是 e 加 d如: taste-tasted3 末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-ed ,如:stop-stopped4 以“辅音字母 +y ”结尾的,变 y 为 i, 再加 -ed ,如: study-studied5. 不规章动词过去式:am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave句型:1 、Be 动词 在一般过去时中的变化: am和 is变为 was ;否定( was not=wasn t) are变为 were ;否定( were not=werent) 否定句:在was 或 were 后加 not一般疑问句:把 was 或 were 调到句首;2 、行为动词 在一般过去时中的变化否定句: didn t +动词原形如: Jim didn t go home yesterday.一般疑问句:在句首加Did ,句子中的动词过去式变回原形如: Did Jim go home yesterday.特殊疑问句:( 1 )疑问词 +did+ 主语 +动词原形?如: What did Jim do yesterday.(2 )疑问词当主语时:疑问词+动词过去式?如: Who went to home yesterday.- - - - - - - - - - - - -第 6 页,共 14 页精品pdf资料可编辑资料- - - - - - - - - - - - - -附录:学校常用不规章动词过去式一、不规章动词的过去式的构成1. 把动词原形中的 i 改为 a,变成过去式;如:begin began,drink drank ,give gave,ring rang ,sing sang,sit sat ,swimswam2. 把重读开音节中的 i 改为 o,变成过去式;如: drive drove , ride rode ,write wrote 3改动词原形中的 aw ow 为 ew,变成过去式;如:drawdrew , growgrew , know knew, throw threw (动 词 show 除外,showshowed)4. 动词原形中的 e 改为 o,变成过去式;如: get got ,forget forgot5. 动词原形中的 ee 改为 e,变成过去式;如: feed fed , meetmet6. 动词原形中的 eep 改为 ept ,变成过去式;如: keepkept ,sleep slept ,sweepswept 7动词原形中的 eak 改为 oke,变成过去式;如: break broke , speakspoke8. 动词原形中的 ell改为 old ,变成过去式;如:sell sold ,telltold9. 动词原形中的 an 改为 oo,变成过去式;如: stand stood , understand understood10. 以 ought 和 aught 结尾,且读音是 :t的过去式;如:bring brought, buy bought , think thought, catch caught,teach taught11. 以 ould 结尾且读音为 ud的情态动词过去式;如: can could ,shall should ,willwould 12把动词原形中的 o 改为 a,变成过去式;如: comecame,becomebecame13在动词原形后加 d 或 t 变成过去式,并且发生音变;如:hearhiheardh :d , say sei saidsed,meanmi:n meantment 14动词的过去式与动词原形一样;如:let let ,mustmust, put put ,read read red 二不规章动词表原形过去式中文释义amarewaswere是(表示存在、状态等)是(表示存在、状态等)becomebecame成为;变成beginbegan开头breakbroke打破bringbrought拿来;取来;带来buildbuilt构筑;建造;建筑buybought购买;买cancould可以;能;可能;会catchcaught赶上(车船等);捕捉comecame来;来到cutcut切;割;削;剪do/doesdid做;干;行动drawdrew画drinkdrank喝;饮drivedrove开车;驾驶eatate吃feelfelt感到;觉得findfound查找;查找flyflew飞行forgetforgot遗忘;忘却getgot变得givegave给;授予gowent去have/hashad得(病);患(病);有;吃;饮hearheard听见;听说hidehid隐匿iswas是(表示存在、状态等)keepkept保持;使保持某种状态knowknew知道;明白leaveleft离去;动身letlet答应;让loselost失去;丢失makemade使;促使;迫使;做;制作maymight可能;可以meanmeant表示的意思;作的说明meetmet遇见;相逢putput放;摆;装readread /e/读;阅读riderode骑ringrang(铃)响riserose上升runran跑;奔跑saysaid说;讲seesaw观察sendsent发送;寄;派;遣setset放,置showshowed出示;给看shutshut关上(门、盖、窗户等)singsang唱;唱歌sitsat坐sleepslept睡;睡觉speakspoke说;说话swimswam游泳taketook搭乘;花费(时间);拿走;带到teachtaught教;讲授telltold告知;叙述thinkthought想;摸索willwould将要winwon赢;获胜writewrote书写学校英语语法(词性)总结一、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的用法:当两种物体之间相互比较时, 我们要用形容词或副词的比较级;当相互比较的物体是三个或三个以上时, 用形容词或副词的最高级;比较级二者比较,标志词: than最高级三者以上比较,标志词:the形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的变化规律 :1. 单音节形容词或副词后面直接加-er或-esttall taller tallestfast faster fastest精选资料欢迎下载2. 以-e结尾的单音节形容词或副词直接加-r 或 -stlarge larger largestnice nicer nicest3. 以-y结尾的形容词或副词,改-y为-i 再加 -er或-est busy busier busiestearly earlier earliest4. 形容词或副词是重读闭音节时,双写最终的辅音字母,再加-er或-esthot hotter hottest5. 多音节形容词或副词前面直接加more 或 mostbeautiful more beautiful most beautiful6. 以 ly 结尾的副词一般加more或 mostslowly more slowly most slowly7. 不规章变化good well- better-bestbad badly-worse-worstlittle-less-least far-farther-furthermany (much ) - moremost形容词、副词的比较级和最高级用法:比较级:1 、形容词: 物体 A + am / are / is +形容词比较级+ than +物体 BI am taller than you.This picture is more beautiful than that one.2 、副词: 物体 A +行为动词 + 副词比较级 + than +物体 B. He studies better than me.最高级:1 、形容词:物体 A + am / are / is + the +形容词最高级+比较范畴( of +人/ 物, in +地方) . I am the tallest in the class.Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in China.2 、副词:物体 A +行为动词 + 副词最高级 +比较范畴( of +人/ 物, in +地方) . Cheetahs run fastest in the world.He studies best of us.表示两者对比相同: 主语+ 谓语 +as+ 形容词 / 副词原形 +as +从句This box is as big as mine.This coat is not so/as cheap as that one. I study English as hard as my brother.英语比较级和最高级练习(一) 1.A pig isthan a dog.A. much heavyB. more heavier C much heavierD. more heavy 2. Which isseason in Beijing. I think it sspring.A. goodB. wellC. best D. the best3. The city is becoming.A. more beautiful and moreB. more beautiful and beautifulC. more and more beautifulD. more beautiful and beautifuler4. Which does Alicelike, Chinese or Art.A. well B. best C. better D. much- - - - - - - - - - - - -第 12 页,共 14 页精品pdf资料可编辑资料- - - - - - - - - - - - - -5. The Changjiang River is one ofin the world.A. the longest riverB. longest riversC. the longest riversD. longer rivers6. LiMingspeaks Chinesebetter than me.A. veryB. moreC. a lot of D. much7. There are boys in ClassTwothan in Class Four.A. more B. many C. most D. best8. Who hasoranges now, Jim, Lilyor Lucy.A. much B. biggest C. better D. the most 9.Mother isin my family.A. busy B. busier C. the busiest D. more10.No one isLucy in the class.A. so tallest asB. as taller asC. so high asD. as tall as(二) 写出以下形容词与副词的比较级与最高级形式: long wide fat heavy slow few brightly-bably far quickly happy-unhappy 三用所给词的正确形式填空:1. Of the two girls, I find Lucy theclever.2. Gold黄金 islittle useful than iron 铁.3. My sister is two yearsold than I.4. John s parents have four daughters, and she is theyoung child.5. Thecheap bags are the not usually the best ones.6. The short one is by farexpensive of the five.7. The boy is not sointeresting as his brother.8. Dick singswell, she singswell than John, but Mary singswell in her class.9. She will be muchhappy in her mew house.10. This dress isthat.twice, as as , expensive参考答案:(一) C D C C C D A D C D(二) longer longestwider widestfatter fattestheavier heaviestslower slowestfewer fewestmore brightly, most brightlyworse, worstfurther,furthestmore quickly, most quicklyhappier happiest(三) cleverunhappier unhappiestlessOlderyoungestCheapestInteresting Happierthe mostwell, better, the best twice as expensive as二、情态动词情态动词的定义:情态动词有词义,但它不能单独作谓语,它必需和其他动词一起构成谓语;情态动词没有人称和数的变化,后加动词原形;can能够,会may可以shall将,要should应当must必需have ( has )to不得不had better最好情态动词的用法:情态动词确定句否定句canmay主语 + can +主语 + may +动词原形动词原形主语 + can + not +主语 + may + not +动词原形动词原形shall主语 + shall +动词原形主语 + shall + not +动词原形should主语 + should +动词原形主语 + should + not +动词原形must主语 + must +动词原形主语 + must + not +动词原形have ( has ) to主语 + have (has ) to +动词原形主语 + dont( doesnt)+had better主语 + had better +动词原形have (has ) to +动词原形主语 + had better + not +动词原形情态动词疑问句确定回答否定回答 canCan +主语+ 动词原形 .Yes, can.No, cant. mayMay +主语+ 动词原形 .Yes, may. / Sure.No, may not. shallShall +主语+ 动词原形 .Yes, please. / All right.No, lets not.shouldShould +主语 +动词原形 .Yes, should.No, shouldn t. mustMust +主语+ 动词原形 .Yes, must.No, neednt.have ( has ) toDo does+主语 +have to +动词原形 .Yes, do does.No, dont doesn t.had better三、名词复数规章1. 一般情形下,直接加-s ,如: book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds2. 以 s. x. sh. ch结尾,加 -es ,如: bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches3 以“辅音字母 +y ”结尾,变 y 为 i,再加 -es ,如: family-families, strawberry-strawberries 4 以“ f 或 fe ”结尾,变 f 或 fe 为 v, 再加 -es ,如: knife-knives5 不规章名词复数: man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice, child-children,foot-feet,tooth-teeth,fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese可数名词变为复数形式有如下变化,如下表:情形构成方法例词一般情形在词尾 +sdesk-desks, apple-apples以-s.x.ch.sh结尾的词在词尾 +esclass-classes, box-boxespeach-peaches, dish-dishes以辅音字母加 y 结尾的词变 y 为 i 再+esfactory-factories, family-families以元音字母加 y 结尾的词在词尾 +sday-days, boy-boys, key-key以 f 或 fe 结尾的词变 f 或 fe 为 v 再+esknife-knives, wife-wivesleaf-leaves, life-lives以辅音字母 o 结尾的词有生命的 +es无生命的 +s以 oo 结尾的 +spotato-potatoes, hero-heroesphoto-photos技巧归纳改 fe 为 ve 加 s 口诀( 1)树叶半数自己黄妻子拿刀去割粮架后窜出一只狼就像小偷逃命忙( 2)常用不规章名词复数形式foot-feet脚man-men男人woman-women女人tooth-teeth牙小孩mouse-mice老鼠goose-geese鹅child-children(3) 单复数同形fish鱼li 里jin斤yuan元mu亩sheep羊deer小鹿Chinese中国人Japanese日本人means手段单复名词同形:中国人日本人都爱绵羊鹿和鱼 .高频考点man woman作定词修饰复数时需变为复数形式two men doctors两位男医生many women leaders许多女领导(4) 只有复数形式,没有单数形式trousers裤子clothes衣服shorts短裤goods商品glasses眼镜shoes鞋( 5)常用不行数名词advice建议baggage行李bread面包rain雨steel钢gold金 sand沙grass草glass玻璃oil油paper纸butter黄油salt盐beauty美丽change零钱information信息smokewater水homework 作业 cloth 布 food 食品 money 钱 tea 茶 snow 雪wealth 财宝 furniture 家具 cotton 棉花 rice 大米 fruit 水果 milk 牛奶四、介词口诀:介词的用法早、午、晚要用 in , at 清晨、午夜、点与分;年、月、年月、季节、周,阳光、灯、影、衣、冒in ;将来时态 in . 以后,小处 at 大处 in ;有形 with 无形 by ,语言、单位、材料in ;特点、方面与方式,心情成语惯用in;介词 at 和 to 表方向,攻击、位置、恶、善分;日子、日期、年月日,星期加上早、午、晚,收音、农场、值日on ,关于、基础、靠、著论;着、罢、出售、偷、公、假,有意、支付、相反,准;特定时日和 “一 就”, on 后常接动名词;年、月、日加早、午、晚,of 之前 on 代 in ;步行、驴、马、玩笑on ,cab , carriage就用 in ;at 山脚、门口、在当前,速、温、日落、价、核心;工具、和、同随 with ,具有、独立、就、缘由;就 来说宾译主,对、有、方状、表细分;海、陆、空、车、偶、被by ,单数、人类know to man;this 、that 、tomorrow, yesterday , next 、last 、one ;接年、月、季、星期、周,介词省略已习惯;over 、under 正上下, above 、below就不然, 如与数量词连用,混合使用亦无关;beyond超出、无、不能,against靠着,对与反;besides , except分内外, among之内 along沿;同类比较 except ,加 for 异类记心间;原状 because of,、 owing to、 due to表语形容词under后接修、建中, of 、from物、化分;before 、after表一点 , ago 、later 表一段;before能接完成时, ago 过去极有限;since以来 during间, since时态多变换;与之相比 beside ,除了 last but one;复不定 for 、找、价、原,对、给、段、去、为、作、赞;快到、对、向 t owards ,工、学、军、城、北、上、南;but for 否定用虚拟,复合介词待后言;ing 型由于鉴,除了除外与包合;之后、关于、在方面,有关介词须记全;in 内 to 外表位置,山、水、国界to 在前;五、代词的用法 .主格Iyouhesheitwethey宾格meyouhimheritusthem形容词性物主代词myyourhisheritsourtheir名词性物主代词mineyourshishersitsourstheirs反身代词myself主格:一般放在句子前,做主语 .yourself/yourselveshimselfherselfitselfourselvesthemselves宾格:一般放在动词 ,介词( for 、to 、of )后 .形容词性物主代词:修饰名词, 放在名词前 .名词性物主代词:代表名词,后不跟名词 .反身代词及其一般用法反身代词表示动作回到其执行者本身用以加强语气;反身代词的分类1 第一人称单数: myself我自己复数: ourselves我们自己 2 其次人称单数: yourself你自己复数: yourselves你们自己3 第三人称单数: himself他自己herself她自己itself它自己复数: themselves他们自己、她们自己、它们自己反身代词在句子中的用法精选资料欢迎下载1 作表语She's not herself today. 她今日跟平常真是判如两人;2 作宾语Please help yourself to some fish.请任