2022年届中考英语句型转换专题复习.docx
精品学习资源句型转换每年的中考试卷中,“句型转换”题所占分值较大,是为了全面考查同学在中学阶段所学的词汇(同义或反义)、短语、句型和语法等方面的学问及其它的之间的敏捷运用才能;. 题型介绍所谓“句型转换”就是先给一个完整的句子A,再依据括号内的要求(有时没有明确,须自己观看),在其次个句子B 的空白处填上适当的词来完成的句型转换;. 题型分类从形式上看,有如下几种形式:某一词或词组的转换;词组与句子的转换;同义句型的转换;为订正常犯语言错误而设计的题目;从内容上看,此题型涉及的面较广,主要有:句子功能方面的转换;包括陈述句(确定与否定)、四种题疑问句、祈使句、感叹句的转换;句子结构方面的转换;即简洁句、复合句、并列句之间的转换;语态的转换;即主动语态与被动语态之间的转换;常用句型与词汇手段的转换;欢迎下载精品学习资源. 详细分类如下一、陈述句与疑问句、祈使句、感叹句间的转换1、陈述句中确定句变为否定句,大部分是用 not 来转变谓语 结 构 , 但 也 有 借 用 否 定 意 义 的 词 , 如nothing, nobody, none, neither, little, few, never,hardly 等,例如:A: Tomdoeswellinmaths. B: Tomdoesnt doinmaths.A: Hehasmuchtodo. B: Hehasnothingtodo.A: Allofmyclassmateslikeart. B: Noneofmyclassmateslikesart.2、改为疑问句;依据上下句的结构和词的削减,来判 断变为哪一种形式的疑问句;例如:A: Mybrotheroftenhasbreakfastatschool.欢迎下载精品学习资源B:Doesyourbrotheroftenhavebreakf astatschool.A:Toms alreadyweakinEnglish.B:Toms alreadyweakinEnglish,isn t he.A: Theredlightchangeseverytwominutes. B: Howoftendoestheredlightchange.3、改为感叹句;依据所给的句子结构和单词的词性,来确定使用哪一种感叹句的形式,例如:A: Thisisaninterestingbook. B: Whataninterestingbookthisis. 或 How interestingthisbookis.二、同义句转换;依据上句,写出一个意思相同(或相近)的下句,此类形式繁多,内容复杂,涉及面广,归类如下:欢迎下载精品学习资源1、同义词或词组之间的转换;(通常上下句时态保持一致);常见的同义词或词组有: 1 四个“ 花费” ( spend take cost take ) ; 2 三 个 “ 到 达 ” ( get to reach arrive in/at ) ; 3 四 个 “ 收 到 来 信 ” ( hear from get a letter from receive a letter from have a letter from ) ; 4 两 个 “ 擅 长 于 ”( be good at do well in ) ; 5 两 个 “ 有 空 ”( be free have time ); 6 三个“入睡”( go to sleep get to sleep fall as leep ) ; 7 两 个 “ 玩 得 开 心 ”( enjoy oneself have a good time ); 8 “给打电话”(call sb telephone sbring sb. a call make a telephone to sb. ) 9 “ 飞 往 ” ( fly to go to by air/plane ) 10 “ 自 学 ” ( teach oneself learn by oneself ) 11 在 方 面 帮 助 help with help todo 12 在 差 be weak in do badly in 13 能 / 会 can be able to14 更 喜爱 like better than prefer to 15 充 满了 be full of be filled with 16 放 弃干 give up doing stop doing 17不再 no longer not any longer18 照 顾 / 保欢迎下载精品学习资源管 take care of look after19 展 览 on show on display20 阻 止 干 stop from doing keep/prevent from doing 21 由 于 thanks to because of 22 举手 hands up put up ones hands23 最 后 , 终 于 at last in the end24 与 不同 be different from be not the same as25 从 借 入 borrow from lend to 26 乘 公 汽 / 火 车 / 的士go to by bus/train/taxi take a bus /train/taxi to 27 乘 自 行 车去 go to by bike ride a bike to 28 为 感到 骄傲 be proud of be the pride of 29步 行去 walk to go to on foot 30 独 自 地by oneself alone 等;例如:A: Thechildrenhadagoodtimeinthepark.B:Thechildrenenjoyedthemselvesinthepark.2 、 同 义 句 型 之 间 的 转 化 ; 常 见 的 同 义 句 型 有Itseemsthat从 句 Somebody seems ( tobe)+adj/nIt s kindofsb.todo Somebody isk indtodo Whatdoesmean.Whatdoyoumeanby欢迎下载精品学习资源.或Whats themeaningof .Thereissomethingwrong with Somethingiswrongwith not until与when/after/before引 导的时 间状 语 从句 的转换Whats wrongwith .Whats thematterwith .Howis .Whatslike .Howdoyoulike .Whatdoyouthinkof. It s timethat It s ti meforsb.todo It s saidthat Peoplesayt hat CanIhelpyou.WhatcanIdoforyou.例如:A: IwenttobedafterIfinishedmyhomework. B:Ididn t gotobeduntilIfinishedmyhomework.3、if引导的条件状语从句的转化;例如:A :Ifitdoesnt raintomorrow,they llgotothep ark.B :Unlessitrainstomorrow,they llgotothepark.欢迎下载精品学习资源A: Ifyoudont hurry,youllbelate. B: Hurryup,oryoullbelate.A: Fishcant liveifthereisnowater. B: Fishcant livewithoutwater.4、现在完成时态中的一句多译;在现在完成时态中,终止性动词不能与时间段连用,必需改成相应的连续性动词;常见的动词转换有: buyhave,borrow keep,die bedead,openbeopen,join bein+组 织 /bea+成 员 ,begin beon,leave beawayfrom,close beclosed,arrivein/getto/come/goto bein/at,finish beover,gotosleep beas leep ,getupbeup.例如: Theoldman diedfivemonthsago.Theoldmanhasbeendeadsincefivemonthsago. Theoldmanhasbeendeadforfivemonths.It s fivemonthssincetheoldmandied.Fivemonthshaspassedsincetheoldmandied.5、简洁句与复合句之间的转换;欢迎下载精品学习资源含宾语从句的复合句与简洁句的转换;例如:A :Isawtheywereplayingfootballontheplayground.B :Isawthemplayingfootballontheplayground.A:Theteacherfoundthatshewasveryclever. B: Theteacherfoundherveryclever.A:HefoundthatitwashardtolearnEnglishwell. B: HefoundithardtolearnEnglishwell.A:We aresurethatwewillwintofirstmatch.B: We aresuretowintofirstmatch.欢迎下载精品学习资源由疑问代词 / 副词引导的宾语从句可转化为“疑问句+不定式”结构;例如:A :CouldyoutellmehowIcangettotherailways tation.B :Couldyoutellmehowtogettotherailwaystati on.A: We dont knowwhatweshoulddonext. B: We dont knowwhattodonext.由 when/after/before/while/since/until引导的时间 状语从句可转化为when/after/before/while/sine/until+doing 例如:A:Theywenthome aftertheyfinishedtheirwork.B: Thewenthomeafterfinishingtheirwork.欢迎下载精品学习资源A:MrSmithhastaughtEnglishsincehecametoChina. B:MrSmithhastaughtEnglishsincecomingtoChina.When sb.+be+数词 +yearsold attheageof+ 岁数A:When heghiswastwelveownnewspaper.yearsold,EdisonstartedwritinB:Attheageoftwelve,Edisonstartedwritinghiso wnnewspaper. 由sothat 引 导 的 结 果 状 语 从 句 可 转 化 为too todo 或 enoughtodo例如:A:TheboxissoheavythatIcant carryit.B: Theboxistooheavyformetocarry.欢迎下载精品学习资源或:Theboxisn t lightenoughformetocarry.A:Thechildissooldthathecangotoschool.B: Thechildisoldenoughtogotoschool. 由sothat引 导 的 目 的 状 语 从 句 可 转 化 为inordertodo 例如:A :Myfathergotupearlythismorningsothatheco uldcatchtheearlybus.B :Myfathergotupearlythismorninginordertoc atchtheearlybus. 由 because引 导 的 原 因 状 语 从 句 可 转 化 为becauseof 例如:A :We didn t gototheparkbecauseitrained.欢迎下载精品学习资源B :We didn t gototheparkbecauseoftherain.定语从句可以转化为介词短语或分词短语;例如:A: Theman whoisonthebikeisJim. B: Theman onthebikeisJim.A:Themanwhoisdrivingtheredcarismyboss.B: Theman drivingtheredcarismyboss.A: ThegirlwhoiscalledMaryismysister. B: ThegirlcalledMaryismysister.6 、 用 并 列 连 词 neither nor; either or ;both and; notonly butalso 连句;例如:A :Ihavent seenaTVplayforlong,andLilyhasnt either.欢迎下载精品学习资源B :NeitherInorLilyhasseenaTVplayforlong.A :Tom isgoodatmaths,andheisgoodatFrench, too.B: TomisgoodatbothmathsandFrench.neither nor , either or 和notonly butalso 连接两个主语时,谓语动词依靠近它的主语而定,即“就近原就”,但是both and 用来连接两个主语时, 谓语复数;7、主动语与被动语态的互变;“主动”变“被动”实行“三变二不变”原就;“三变” 即是主语,谓语和宾语的变化,“二不变”即时态不变,句式不 变;例如:A: Theymakewatchesinthetow n. B: Watchesaremadebytheminthetown.欢迎下载精品学习资源A: Icanfinishtheworkbeforeeight.B : Theworkcanbefinished( byme)beforeeight.A: DotheygrowriceinSouthChina.B: IsricegrowninSouthChina.注 : 使 役 性 动 词make或 感 观 性 动 词see/watch/lookat/hear/listento/feel在主动语态中所带省 to 的不定式宾补变为被动语态时,必需加上to.A: Isawhimtakeyourumbrella.B: Hewasseentotakeyourumbrella.8、形容词、副词二级之间的转化,例如A :Chineseisthemostimportantsubjectofall.B :Chineseismoreimportantthananyothersubject.欢迎下载精品学习资源A:Thisexerciseiseasierthantheothertwo.B: Thisexerciseistheeasiestofthethree. 解题指导要做好句型转换题,必需留意如下几点:1、留意把握教材中的基本句和同一句子英语的不同结构表达技巧;2、弄清题意,明确题目考查点,明白题目所给句子与答句之间的关系;3、留意从多角度,全方位考虑问题,突破难点,留意复查,看是否按要求完成了转换;通过上述的归纳和指导,可以理清同学的“依章办事”的解题思路,养成“有条不紊”的解题习惯,培育多角度思维解题的才能,从而达到提高学习效率的目的;欢迎下载精品学习资源欢迎下载