新人教版八级英语上册各单元知识总结归纳.docx

精品名师归纳总结新版八年级上册 1-10 分单元学问点归类总结Unit 1Where did you go on vacation.（谈论假期生活,一般过去时）Unit 2How often do you exercise.（谈论生活习惯,一般现在时）Unit 3I'm more outgoing than my sister（谈论事物对比, 形容词比较级） Unit 4What's the best movie theater.（谈论事物比较,形容词最高级） Unit5Do you want to watch a game show.（谈论内心想法,一般现在时） Unit6Im going to study computer science.谈谈生活的目标,一般将来时 Unit7Will people have robots.对将来生活的预言,一般将来时 Unit8 How do you make a banana milk shake. 描述进程,祈使句 Unit9 Can you come to my party. 学习邀请,作出、接受和拒绝邀请,学习表恳求的句子 Unit10 If you go to the party, youll have a great time. 作出打算,学习 if 的条件状语从句 Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation.第一单元主要点：复习一般过去时复合不定代词的用法反身代词的用法系动词的用法动词后的 to do 和 doing的区分ed 形容词和 ing 形容词的区分“近义词”的区分本单元中的主谓一样现象动词过去式的构成及不规章动词表用同义短语转换同义句时谓语动词形式一样性的培育。感叹句的结构和连词的挑选。一、词组、短语：1、go on vacation去度假,2、 stay at home呆在家,3、go to the mountains上山/ 进山 ,4、 go to the beach到海边去,5、visit museums参观博物馆,可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结6、go to summer camp 去夏令营,7、 quite a few 相当多, 8、study for 为学习, 9、go out 出去,10、most of the time大部分时间 / 绝大多数时间,11、taste good尝起来味道好, 12、have a good time玩的高兴, 13、of course当然可以,14、feel like感觉像 / 想要, 15、 go shopping购物,16、in the past在过去,17、walk around 绕走,18、too many太多（可数名词前面） ,19、because of由于,20、one bowl of一碗 , 21、find out查出来/ 发觉 , 22、go on 连续,23、take photos照相,24、something important重要的事情,25、up and down 上上下下,26、come up 出来二、重要句子（语法） ：Where did you go on vacation.你到哪里去度假了？ I went to New York City.我去了纽约城Did you go out with anyone.你出去带人吗？No, No one was here. Everyone was on vacation.不,没有人在这儿。大家度去度假了。Did you buy anything special.你买了什么特殊的东西吗？Yes, I bought something for my father.对,我给父亲买了一些东西。How was the food.食物怎么样？Everything tasted really good.每一样东西真的都好吃。Did everyone have a good time.大家玩的高兴吗？ Oh, yes. Everything was excellent.对,一切都很出色。三、习惯用法、搭配1. buy sth. for ab./ buy sb. sth.为某人买某物2. taste + adj.尝起来可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结3. nothing.but +n.除了之外什么都没有4. seem + to be + adj看起来5. arrive in +大的方 / arrive at +小的方到达某的6. decide to do sth.尽力做某事8. enjoy doing sth.打算做某事宠爱做某事7.try9. want to dodoingsth.sth.尝试做某事 /try想去做某事to do sth.10. start doing sth.开头做某事11. stop doing sth.停止做某事12. look + adj看起来13. dislike doing sth.不宠爱做某事14. Why not do sth.为什么不做 . 了？ 15. so + adj + that +从句如此以至于16. tell sb. not to do sth.告知某人（不要） 做某事17. keep doing sth.继续做某事18. forget to do sth.遗忘去做某事 / forget doing sth遗忘做过某事四、词语辨析：1. Where did you go on vacation.你去哪里度假了？（ P1）1）这是有疑问副词 where 引导的特殊疑问句, where 用来询问的点和场所,放在句首。a.do you .你从哪里来？b.does he.他住在哪里？ 2） go on vacation意为“去度假”。I want in Hainan this winter.今年冬天我想去海南度假。2. isited my uncle探望了我的叔叔（ P1）visit是及物动词,意为“拜望。探望” , 后接表示人的名词或代词。visit仍可以意为“参观。游玩” ,后接表示的点的名词。a.I visited my grandmother last week.上周我去了我的外婆。b.Do you want to visit Shanghai.你想上海吗？ 拓展： visitor意为“参观者。游客” 。eg: These visitors come from America. 3.buy anything special买特殊的东西。（P2）1） buy 及物动词,意为“买。购买” 。其过去式为。拓展： buy sth. for sb.=buy sb. sth.意为“给某人买某物” 。My uncle a bike.= My uncle for me.2) anything不定代词,意为“某事。某件东西” ,主要用于疑问句或否定句中。a.Do you want anything from me.b.I cant say anything about it.3) anthing special表示“特殊的东西”,形容词修饰不定代词时后置。可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结Is there in this book.这本书里有新的内容吗？4. Oh, did you go anywhere interesting.哦,你去好玩的的方了吗？（ P2）1）本句是 did 开头的一般疑问句2） anywhere 用作副词,意为“在任何的方” 。eg：Did you go anywhere during the summer vacation？ 辨析： anywhere 与 somewhereanywhere意为“在任何的方”,常用于否定句和疑问句中。 eg:Icant finditanywhere. somewhere意为“在某处。到某处” ,常用于确定句中。 eg:Ilostmykey somewherenearhere.5. We took quite a few photos there.我们在那里拍了不少照片。 （P2）take photos意为“照相。拍照”。 eg:We on the Great Wall.我们在长城上照了相。辨析： quite a few与 quite a littlequite a few意为“很多 ; 不少”,修饰可数名词复数。quite a little意为“很多 ; 不少”,修饰不行数名词。a. He stays here for days.b.There is water in the bottle瓶子.6. I just stayed at home most of the time to read and relax.我大部分时间只是待在家里读书休息。 （P2）most of the time意为“大部分时间”,其中 most 为代词,意为“大部分。大多数” 。拓展 most of 意为“中的大多数” ,它作主语时,谓语动词取决于most of后所修饰的名词。a. Most of usbegoing to the park.我们大多数人要去公园。b. Most of the foodgobad.大部分的食物都变质了。7. Everything tasted really good.全部的东西尝起来真的很好吃！ （ P3） taste在此为系动词,意为“尝起来” ,其后接形容词构成系表结构。a.The food tastes really great.食物尝起来棒极了。8. Did everyone have a good time.大家都玩得很高兴吗？（ P3）have a good time = enjoy oneself = have fun玩得高兴 （+ doing ）eg: We had a good time visiting the the Great Wall.= We enjoyed ourselves visiting the the Great Wall.= We had fun visiting the the Great Wall.9. How did you like it.你觉得它怎么样？（ P3）How do/did you like . 意为“你觉得怎么样？” ,用来询问对方的观点或看法,相当可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结于What do you think of .eg: How do you like your new job. = your new job. 10.Did you go shopping.你们去购物了吗？（ P3）go shopping意为“去购物。去买东西” ,同义短语为 do some shopping.eg: I usually go shopping on Sundays.我通常星期天去购物。拓展：“go+doing ”形式表示“去做某事” ,常用于表达从事某一体育活动或休闲活动。go skating去滑冰go hiking去go sightseeing去观光 go fishing去钓鱼go swimming去游泳go boating去划船11.I went to a friends farm in the countryside with my family.我和家人一起去了乡下一个伴侣的农场。（P3）a friends farm是名词全部格形式。一般情形下,表示“有生命的人或物”的名词后面加s,表示所属关系。eg:The red bike is Alice s.那辆红色的自行车是爱丽斯的。拓展：名词全部格的构成：1） 单数名词词尾加 s ,复数名词词尾没有s, 也要加 sthe girls pen 女孩的钢笔womens shoes 女鞋on Childrens Day 2）复数名词以 s 结尾的只加the students reading room同学阅览室Teachers Day 老师节3）假如两个名词并列,并且分别有s,就表示“分别有” 。只后一个名词有一个 s,就表示“共有”：John s and Kate s rooms.约翰和凯特（各自）的房间。 Lily and Lucys father.莉莉和露西的爸爸（同一个爸爸） 。4）表示无生命的名词一般以 .of.构成短语,表示全部关系。a map of China一幅中国的图the name of the story那个故事的名字12. Still no one seemed to be bored. 即使这样 仍旧没有人看起来无聊。 （ P3） 1） seem意为“似乎。似乎。看来” 。eg：Everything seems easy.一切似乎很简洁。拓展 a. seem+adj.“看起来”。You seem happy today.你今日看起来很兴奋。b. seem+to do sth.“似乎,似乎做某事” 。I seem to have a cold.我似乎感冒了。c. It seems/seemed+从句 “看起来似乎。似乎” 。It seems that no one believes you.看起来似乎没有人信任你。2） 辨析： bored 与 boring可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结a. bored意为“厌烦的。感到无聊的” ,一般在句中修饰人。b. boring意为“无聊的。令人厌烦的” ,一般在句中修饰事或物。eg：a. Imwith what he said.我对他说的话厌烦极了。b. I find the story very.我发觉这个故事太无聊了。（二） Section B1. What activities do you find enjoyable.你发觉什么活动让人欢乐？（ P5） 1） activities是 activity的复数形式,意为“活动” 。Students like outdoor activities. 2） enjoyable形容词,意为“开心的。欢乐的” 。Im sure we will have an enjoyable vacation.我确信我们将会有一个开心的假期。2. I arrived in Penang in Malaysia this morning with my family.今日早上我和家人到达了马来西亚的槟城。（P5arrive不及物动词, 意为“到达”。arrivein 表示到达较大的的方, 如国家、省、市等。 arrive at 表示到达较小的的方,如机场、商店、广场、村庄等。 （注：的点副词 home, here , there 前介词省略） 辨析： arrive in+大的点 / arrive at+小的点 get to +的点reach+ 的点eg：I到达 school at 8：00 o clock yesterday.3. so we decided to go to the beach near our hotel 因此我们打算到旅社邻近的海滩上去。（P5）decide to do sth.意为“打算做某事” 。 eg: They the museum.他们决定去参观博物馆。拓展：decide 后常跟“疑问词 +动词不定式”做宾语。He cant decide whenleave他不能打算何时动身。4. My sister and I tried paragliding.姐姐和我尝试了滑翔伞运动。 （ P5）try此处用作及物动词,其后常接名词、动名词或不定式,意为“尝试。试图,设法。努力”She is trying my bicycle.她正在试骑我的自行车。拓展： try也可用作名词,意为“尝试” ,常用短语“ have a try”,意为“试一试”。I want to have a try.我想试一试。辨析： try doing sth. / try to do sth.1） try doing sth.尝试做某事,表示一种尝试、做做看的想法,不肯定付出很多努力。2） try to do sth.尽力、设法去做某事,表示想尽一切方法要把事情办成,强调付出努力设法去完成。a. I him, but no one answered.我试着给他打电话了,但没有人接听。可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结b. Im English well.我正尽力把英语学好。5. I felt like I was a bird. It was so exciting.我感觉自己就像一只小鸟。太刺激了！（P5）1） feel like意为“给的感觉。感受到” 。其后常接从句。eg: He feels like he is swimming.他感觉像在游泳一样。拓展： feel like仍可意为“想要” ,其后可接名词、代词或动名词。即： feel like sth.想要某物feel like doing sth.想要做某事eg：Do you feel like a cup of tea now.你现在想要一杯茶吗？Do you feel liketake a walk in the park with me.你想跟我在公园漫步吗？2） 辨析： exciting与 excitedexciting意为“令人兴奋的,使人兴奋的” , 一般修饰某物。excited意为“感到兴奋的,兴奋的” , 一般修饰某人。Eg：a.The story isexciting, excited .b.He told me theexciting, excitednews. c.Sarah wasexciting, excitedto see the singer.6. There are a lot of new buildings now现在有很多新的建筑物（ P5） building可数名词 , 意为“建筑物。楼房” 。build动词,“建造,建筑” （built, built）,The workers built many tall buildings in our school last year.7. I wonder what life was like here in the past.我想知道在这儿过去的生活是什么样的。（P5）wonder 此处是及物动词,意为“想知道。琢磨” 。其后常接 who, what, why等疑问词引导的宾语从句。Eg：1.Iwonder. 我想知道那个男孩是谁。 A. the boy iswhoB.who the boy is2. I wonder what they were doing here.我想知道他去哪里了。8.I really enjoyed walking around the town.我真的很宠爱在镇上处处走走。（P5）1） enjoy 及物动词, 意为“宠爱。 观赏。享受的乐趣”,其后接名词, 代词或动名词作宾语。a. Do you enjoy your job.你宠爱你的工作吗？b. I enjoy reading books.我宠爱读书。 enjoy doing sth.宠爱做某事 拓展： enjoy oneself =have a good time = have fun玩得高兴 （ + doing sth.） 2） walk around意为“四处走走”。Hes just walking around the village.他只是在村庄里任凭走走。可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结9. What a difference a day makes.一天的变化有多大吖！（P5）difference可数名词,意为“差别,差异”。其形容词形式为 different,意为“不同的。有差异的”。Eg: a. What is the difference between this book and that book.b. My schoolbag is different from yours. be different from意为“与不同” 10. Wewanted to walk up to the top , but then itstartedraininga littleso we decided to take the train.（ P5）1） want to do sth.意为“想要做某事”。2） start doing sth.意为“开头做某事”,同义短语： start to do sth. Eg: Tom started learning English last year.3） a little意为“一点儿”,在句中修饰动词、形容词或副词。也可以修饰不行数名词。Eg: a. I can draw a little, but only as a hobby. b. Its a little cold outside. c. He can speak a little English. 4) take the train意为“乘火车”, take 在此意为“乘坐”。11. We waited over an hour for the train because there were too many people.由于人太多,所以我们等了一个多小时的火车。（P5）1） wait for意为“等候”,其后可接人或物。Tom was waiting for a bus over there.2） over 介词,意为“多于。超过”,相当于 more than 。Eg : My father is over 40 years old.There are over eight hundred students in our school.3 toomany意为“太多”,其后接可数名词复数。 He always has too manyquestionsto ask me.辨析： too many +可数名词复数意为“太多 .” too much +不行数名词意为“太多 .” much too +形容词意为“太 .” eg：I havehomework to do today.12. And because of the bad weather, we couldnt see anything below.而且由于坏天气,我们也没能看到下面的任何景色（ P5）辨析： because of与 because可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结a. because of意为“由于,由于” ,后可接名词、代词或动名词,不能接句子。He lost his job because of his age.b. because意为“由于”,引导状语从句,即接句子。I didnt buy the shirt because it was too expensive.13. My father didn t bring enough money 我爸爸没带足够的钱（ P5） 1）辨析： bring与 takebring意为“带来。拿来”, 指从别处带到说话者所在的。take 意为“拿走。带走”, 指从说话者所在的带到别处去。2） enough 意为“足够的,充分的”1. 用来修饰形容词或副词,一般置于被修饰词之后。2. 用来修饰名词时可放在形容词前面或后面。Eg：a. We have enough time to do our homework.b. The box is big enough.14. because we forgot to bring an umbrella 由于我们忘了带雨伞。（P6） 辨析： forget to do sth.与 forget doing sth.forgetto do sth.意为“遗忘要做某事（事情仍没做） ”eg:Dont forgetto close the window.forget doing sth.意为“遗忘做过某事（事情已经做过了）” eg: I forget closing the window.15. About one hour later, we stopped and drank some tea.大约一小时后,我们停下来喝了些茶。（ P6）1） one hour later一小时后 。 一小时前 2） stop 动词,意为“停止。中断” ,过去式,现在分词。3） drink及物动词,意为“喝。饮” 。 仍可以作名词,意为“饮料” 。16. Did you dislike anything.你不宠爱什么东西吗？（ P7）dislike意为“不宠爱。厌恶” ,其后可接名词、代词或动名词形式作宾语。Eg：a. Marythe hamburgers.玛丽不宠爱汉堡包。b. I computer我不宠爱玩电脑嬉戏。17. Why not.为什么不带吖？（ P8）whynot 意为“为什么不了”,一般用在疑问句中,表示提建议。 whynot 后面需跟动词原形。注“ Why not +动词原形 .” 相当于“ Why dont you+动词原形 .”a. Why not go to the party with me. =Why dont you go to the party with me.为什么不和我一起去参与聚会了？可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结b. take a walk. = take a walk.为什么不去漫步了？18. Everyone in our class took a bag with some food and water.我们班上的每一个人都随身带了装有食物和水的提袋。 （ P8）with介词,意为“具有。带有” 。 此处介词短语 with some food and water作 bag 的后置定语。拓展： with 作介词时的其他用法：a. “和一起I often go to schoolmy friend.我常常和伴侣们一起去上学。b. 以（手段、材料）,用（工具）, Cut the apple with a knife.用刀切苹果。19. My legs were so tired that I wanted to stop.我的双腿太累了以至于我都想停下来。（P8）sothat / suchthat （如此以致）引导的结果状语从句so+adj./adv.+thatEg：1. He islovely a boywe love him very much.2.Thelittleboyissoyoungthathecan tgotoschool.20. 常用的感叹句的结构：1） What +adj.+复数名词 /不行数名词 +主语+谓语！ 2） What +a/an+adj.+ 可数名词单数 +主语+谓语！ 3） How +adj. +a/an+ 可数名词单数 +主语+谓语！ 4） How+adj./adv. +主语+谓语！eg: 1.What an interesting book it is. = How interesting a book is.那本书多么好玩啊！2. a clever girl she is.A.WhoB.What C.HowD.Where3. clever a girl she is.A.WhoB.WhatC.How D.Where4. important jobs they have done.A.WhatB.Who C.How D.Where 5.sweet water it is.A.WhoB.What C.Where D. How6.interesting the dog is.A.WhoB.What C. Where D. How21. My classmates told me to keep going, so I went on.我的同学告知我坚持往前走,因此我便连续前进了（ P8）1） tell sb. notto do sth.意为“告知某人（不要）做某事。可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结The teacher the window just now.老师刚才告知我们擦窗户。2） keep doing sth.意为“连续做某事,始终做某事” 。She TV for two hours last night.昨晚她连续看了两个小时的电视。23. Everyone jumped up and down in excitement.大家都兴奋的跳起来。（P8）up and down 意为“上上下下。来来回回” ,在句中作状语。Eg：They looked me .他们上上下下端详我。He walks in the room.他在房间里来回走动。22. 反身代词： myself , ourselves, yourself , yourselves, himself, herself, itself, themselves.作动词或介词的宾语：常常在 enjoy, teach, hurt, buy, introduce, dress, kill等动词和 by, for, to, of等介词后作宾语。一年主考宾语回自身He is teaching himself English.她在自学英语。She was talking to herself.她自言自语。He lives by himself in the country.他独自住在乡下。1Help yourself.请任凭吃吧！ / 请自己去取吧 . 2Make yourself at home.别客气！3) make yourself heard /understood.使你的话被人听得见 / 懂得4) teach oneself自学=learn by oneself 5by oneself独自6) for oneself为自己。替自己7) enjoy oneself玩的开心8) dress oneself给自己穿衣23. few, little, a few, a little：的用法 few, a few修饰可数名词, little, a little修饰不行数名词。 few, little具有否定意义,表示“几乎没有” ,a few, a little具有确定意义,表示“一些”。He has little money, but few students want to lend money to him.他几乎没有钱,但是几乎没有同学想借钱给他。There is a little milk and a few apples left in the fridge.冰箱里仍有一些牛奶和一些苹果。Unit 2 How often do you exercise.一、词组、短语：1、help with housework帮忙做家务活,可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结2、go shopping购物, 3、on weekends 在周末, 4、how often多久一次, 5、hardly ever几乎不,6、once a week每周一次,7、twice a month每月二次,8、go to the movies去看电影,9、every day每天,10、use the Internet上网/ 用网, 11、be free有空,12、have dance and piano lessons上舞蹈钢琴课,13、swing dance 摇摆舞14、play tennis打网球, 15、stay up late熬夜, 16、at least至少,17、go to bed early早睡, 18、 play sports锤炼身体, 19、be good for对有好处, 20、go camping 去野营,21、in one s free time在某人的闲暇时间,