新版人教新目标版八级英语上册知识点总结2.docx
精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -新版人教新目标版八年级英语上册学问点总结八年级上册英语语法、短语和学问点总结Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation.本单元的话题:谈论假期活动内容,复习一般过去时。本单元的语法:1. 复习一般过去时。2. 学习不定代词和不定副词的用法。2. 不定代词和不定副词的用法:(1)左边的 some、any 、every 、no 与右边的body 、one、thing构成 不定代词 ,some、any 、every 、no 与右边的疑问副词where 构成 不定副词 。(2)一般情形下以some 开头的不定代词和不定副词用于确定句,以any 开头的不定代词和不定副词用于否定句、疑问句。以no 开头的不定代词和不定副词表示否定含义(no one 为两个单词)。(3)不定代词或不定副词和形容词连用时,形容词放在后面。He has somethingimportanttodo. 他有重要的事情要做。 (确定句用something ,形容词 important放后)Did you buyanythingspecial.(一般疑问句用anything,形容词 special放后)Did you goanywhere interesting last month.上个月你去令人感爱好的的方了吗? 一般疑问句用不定副词anywhere ,形容词interesting放后 (4)不定代词和不定副词做主语 时,后面的动词用单数形式 。Everone ishere today.今日每个人都在这里。本单元的短语和学问点:1. go on vacation去度假go to the mountains上山 / 进山2. stay at home呆在家 go to the beach去海滩 visit museums参观博物馆go to summer camp去参观夏令营3. study for tests为考试而学习备考go out出去4. quite a few相当多 , 不少(跟可数名词复数)take photos照相 most of the time大部分时间5. buy sth for sb = buy sb sth为某人买某物6. taste good.尝起来很好taste (尝起来)、look (看起来)、sound (听起来)为感官动词,后跟形容词7. have a goodgreatfun time过得兴奋,玩得开心(=enjoy oneself) 8. go shopping去购物8. nothingbut+ 动词原形:除了之外什么都没有可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 13 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -新版人教新目标版八年级英语上册学问点总结He had nothing to do at home but read yesterday.昨天他在家除了读书无事可做。9. seem to do sth:似乎I seem to know him.我似乎熟悉他。seem+( to be ) +形容词:看起来The work seems ( to be )easy. 这工作看起来很简单。10. keep a diary记日记11. in+大的方:达到某的( get to +的方 :达到某的)arriveat+小的方:达到某的get的过去式为got如是 arrive和 get 后跟 home、there 、here 三个 的点副词 ,后面的介词inatto必需去掉。Tom got home yesterday evening=Tom arrivedhome yesterday evening.昨晚汤姆到家。12. decide to do sth:打算做某事13.try doing sth.尝试做某事try to do sth.尽力去做某事14. feel like给的感觉。感受到15. in the past在过去walk around四处走走16.enjoydoingsth: 宠爱做某事difference名词,差异,差别-different形容词,不同的 17.start doing sth:开头做某事( = start to do sth)18. over an hour一个多小时( over 超过,余外= more than)19. too many太多,后接可数名词复数。too much太多,后跟不行数名词,修饰动词作状语。 much too太,后跟形容词或副词。辨论三者的口诀:toomuch,much too, 用法区分看后头:much后接不行数 ,too后修饰形或副。too many要记住,后面名词必复数。20because of由于 , 后接名词、 代词或动名词 (动词 +ing ),不能接句子。 because 由于, 跟句子。He was late for schoolbecause ofget ting up late.他由于起晚而上学迟到。(get 为动词)= He was late for schoolbecause he got up late.21. enough 足够的 与名词连用,一般放在名词前He has enoughmoney.22. enough 足够的 与形容词或副词连用,enough 放在后面。 He isold enough to go to school.23. doing sth.遗忘已经做过某事(已经做完)Forgetto do sth.遗忘去做某事(仍未做)forget的过去式为forgot可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 13 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -新版人教新目标版八年级英语上册学问点总结Unit 2 How often do you exercise.本单元的话题:谈论生活习惯,复习一般现在时。本单元的语法:1. 复习一般现在时。2. 学习表示频率副词的用法。主要频率副词的等级排序:always 总是 > usually 通常 > often常常 > sometimes有时 > hardly ever很少 > never从不 这些副词在句子中的位置,一般放在助动词、be 动词或情态动词之后,行为动词之前。即:“行”前“助 系 ”后 。 Peter is always late for school. Peter上学总是迟到。提问 always, sometimes, twice a day等频率副词,用How oftenI watch TV every day.我每天都看电视How often do you watch TV.你多长时间看一次电视?本单元的短语和学问点:1. on weekends在周末go to the movies去看电影help with housework帮忙做家务how often多久一次hardly ever几乎从不2. once a week每周一次 twice a week每周两次every day每天use the Internet用互联网3. be free有空Are you free on weekends.你周末有空吗?4. stay up late熬夜 at least至少 go to bed early早点睡觉 play sports进行体育活动 5.after school放学后6.want sth:需要某物He wants a new pen.他想要一支新钢笔。 want to do sth: 想做某事He wants to watch TV after school.放学后他想去看电视。 want sb to do sth: 让某人做某事My mother wants me get up early.妈妈让我早起。7. be good for对有好处be bad for对有害处8. play computer games打电子嬉戏go camping去野营9.ask sb about sth:问某人某事My parents often ask me about my study.我的父母常常问我的学习情形。10.in one s spare time在某人业余时间He studies English in his spare time.11.P13 ,2b ” 数字 +percentof+ 名词 ”做主语时,后面的单词取决于名词的情形。如名词为复数,后面的动词用复数形式。如名词为单数或不行数名词,后面的动词用单数形式。In our class ,twenty ofstudentsare boys.Thirty ofwaterisdirty.12. notat all: 一点儿也不( not 构成否定句)Idont like the movie at all. 13.go online上网 =surf the Internet 14.the answer to+名词 :的答案15. the best way to do sth:做某事的 最好 方式可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 13 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -新版人教新目标版八年级英语上册学问点总结The best way to learn English is speaking English.学习英语的最好方法是说英语.16. such as比如(后跟名词或名词短语)for example例如(后跟句子)He likes fruits,such as apples,bananas and so on.他宠爱水果,例如苹果、香蕉等。He has some good ways to study English,for example ,he often listens to tapes.17. more than=over超过,余外go to the dentist去看牙医Unit 3 I'm more outgoing than my sister.本单元的话题:谈论事物对比,学习形容词比较级。本单元的语法:学习形容词比较级。(语法:见课本第113 页至 115 页)本单元的短语和学问点:1.play+the +乐器play the drums打鼓比较 play +球类play basketball打篮球2. bothand两者都 后面的动词用复数形式Both Tom and Jim are students.3. be good at+名词代词 V ing: 善于,在某方面做得好4. be like: 像The books are like friends.书像伴侣。5. make friends with sb:(和某人)交伴侣enjoy doing sth: 宠爱做某事6. be different from与不同My brother is different from me.我弟弟与我不一样。7. help sb to do sth: 帮忙某人做某事常与 help sb with sth在某方面帮忙某人 互换He often helps me(to ) learn English.他常常帮忙我学习英语。= He often helps me with my English.他常常在英语方面帮忙我。 help to do sth:帮忙做某事He often helps( to ) cook at home.他常常在家帮忙做饭。 8.be good with sb:与某人相处很好9.information( n. 消息,信息)不行数名词可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 13 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -新版人教新目标版八年级英语上册学问点总结Unit 4 What's the best movie theater.本单元的话题:谈论事物对比,学习形容词和副词的最高级。本单元的语法:学习形容词和副词的最高级。本单元的短语和学问点:1. we lcome to+的点:欢迎来到某的Welcome to our school.欢迎来我校。2. What do you think of sth.=How dou you like sth.你认为 .怎么样?3. watch sb do sth: 观察某人做了某事(= see sb do sth)4. 比较级别+and+ 比较级:越来越(如比较级为more+形容词原级,就为:more and more形容词原级) The buildings aretaller and taller. Our school is gettingmore and morebeautiful.5. around the world全世界 =all over the world,such as例如Unit 5 Do you want to watch a game show.本单元的话题:谈论自己对天使节目或电影的喜好,学会表达自己的感受。本单元的语法:复习一般现在时。本单元的短语和学问点:1. What do you think of sth.=How dou you like sth.你认为怎么样?What do you think of the movie.你认为这部电影怎么样?It is boring.很无聊。2. mind doing sth: 介意做某事3.learn sth from sb: 向某人学习(某物)4. news 不行数名词 ,消息,信息 a piece of good news一条好消息5. plan to do sth:方案做某事(plan 的过去式 pla nned, 现在分词 pla nning )6. hope to do sth: 期望做某事7.favorite 形容词,最宠爱的= likebestMy favorite shows are talk shows.我最宠爱的节目是谈话节目。=I like talk shows best. 8.expect to do sth: 期望做某事9.think of认为,想起He often thinks of his teachers.10. in the 1930s: 在二十世纪三十岁月(1930 年至 1939 年)11. one of +可数名词复数:之一(该短语放在句首做主语时,后面的动词用单数形式)One of the studentshas an English dictionary.这些同学中一个人有英语字典。可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 13 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -新版人教新目标版八年级英语上册学问点总结12. luck 名词,幸运 , 运气 lucky形容词 , 幸运的 -unlucky 形容词 , 不幸的 13. be ready to do sth愿意做某事14.try one s best( to do sth) : 尽力(做某事)Unit6Im going to study computer science.本单元的话题:谈论自己将来的方案或准备。本单元的语法:学习一般将来时be going to do sth。本单元的短语和学问点:1. 词性转换 :science 名词,科学 scientist(名词,科学家)violin(名词,小提琴)-violinst(名词,小提琴家)piano (名词,钢琴)- pianist(名词,钢琴家)2. grow up成长,长大3.be good at+名词代词动词 +ing : 善于He is good at math,but he isn t good atspeak ing English.他善于数学,但是不善于说英语。4. keep on doing sth:连续做某事5.be sure about: 确信,对有把握His mother isn t sure about his study.他的妈妈对他的学习没有把握。6.move to + 的点 :搬(家)到某的7. take singingacting lessons上唱歌课上表演课=have singingacting lessons8.send sb sth = send sth to sb寄 送给某人某物His grandfather often sends him money。= His grandfather often sends money to him.9. learn to do sth学会做某事10. play the piano弹钢琴 make the soccer team组建足球队get good grades取得好的成果 eat healthier food吃更健康的食品get lots of exercise进行大量锤炼11. foreign language外国语言12.study hard努力学习most of the time大多数时间13. get back from+的点 :从回来He will get back from Beijing in 3 days. 14.at the beginning of在开头的时候, write down写下 / 登记,15. different kinds of不同种类的have to do with关于,与有关系,take up开头从事16. too+ 形容词 +to do sth: 太以至于不能so+ 形容词 +that+ 句子 :如此以至于形容词 +enough to do sth: 足够能够做某事(留意三个句型有时可以相互转换)He is so young that he can t go to school.他如此年轻以至于不能去上学。可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 6 页,共 13 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -新版人教新目标版八年级英语上册学问点总结= He is too young to go to school.他太年轻了以至于不能去上学。= He isnt old enough to go to school.17. make sb+ 形容词: 让某人怎么样The good news made us happy.(留意: news 为不行数名词)18. how to do better at school为“疑问词 +不定式”即“疑问词+to do sth”He didn t know when to start.他不知道什么时候开头。19.go to university去上高校Unit 7 Will people have robots.本单元的话题:谈论对将来的语言,学习一般将来时will do sth。本单元的语法:学习一般将来时will do sth。一般将来时由“助动词 will / shall +动词原型 ”构成,表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态,常与表示将来的时间状语如tomorrow 、next week , in 2 days2天之后 等连用。(Shall用于第一人称,will可以用于各种人称。)will not= wont 一般疑问句 :把确定句中的will提到句首即可。以上两句的一般疑问句为:Will you visit the old man next week. Yes,we will.No, we won t .否定句 :把确定句中的will变为 won t 即可。以上两句的否定句为:We won t visit the old man next week. She won t finish the work in 2 weeks.本单元的短语和学问点:1. There be结构 : There beis/are/was/were+某物 / 某人 +某的 / 某时 “There be结构”的一般现在时: There is/are+某物 / 某人 +某的 / 某时 There are 600 students in our school.在我们学校有600 个同学。一般过去时 :There was/were+某物 / 某人 +某的 / 某时There was a school ten years ago.一般将来时 :There will be+某物 / 某人 +某的 / 某时 .= There is going to be+某物 / 某人 +某的 /某时 .There will be a sport meeting next week.=There is going to be a sport meeting next weeek.下周将有场运动会。2.on computers在电脑上 , on paper在纸上3. a few +可数名词复数:有一些、有几个a little +不行数名词:有一些few+可数名词复数: 几乎没有 (表示否定)little+不行数名词: 几乎没有 (表示否定)可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 7 页,共 13 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -新版人教新目标版八年级英语上册学问点总结many+ 可数名词复数:很多,很多few的比较级是fewer ,little的比较级是lessmuch+ 不行数名词:很多,很多manymuch的比较级都是moreTherewillbe lesspolutioninthefuture.在将来将会有更少的污染。(polution为不行数名词)We should plantmore trees . 我们应当种更多的树。(tree为可数名词)There will befewercarsin the future.在将来将会有更少的汽车。(car 为可数名词)4. in ( great ) danger 在(极度)危急中on the earth在的球上save the earth挽救的球5. in+ 一段时间:在之后(多用于一般将来时)He will come back in 2 days.两天之后他将回来。How soonwill he come back.多久他将回来?句型There isare sb doing sth.有某人正在做某事。There is a cat eating fish.6. hundreds of+名词 :成百上千的,很多(表示模糊数字)数字 + hundred +名词:几百(表示详细数字)He has hundreds of book.他有很多书。 He bought two hundred books.他买了二百本书。7. at some point:在某些方面free time闲暇时间in one s free time在某人闲暇时间Unit 8 How do you make a banana milk shake.本单元的话题:描述做事情的次序和过程。(First 第一 ,Next 下面 ,Then 然后 ,Finally 最终)本单元的语法:复习一般现在时。本单元的短语和学问点:1P57,1a turn on打开turn up调大turn off关上turn down调小2. How many+可数名词复数:多少How much+不行数名词:多少He has eight books.他有八本书。How many books does he have.他有多少本书?3. 量词的用法:不行数名词常用“数字+量词 +不行数名词”来表示。如:a piece of bread一片面包比较 : two piece s of bread两片面包( bread 为不行数名词)a glass of orange一玻璃杯橘子汁one spoon of butter一勺黄油可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 8 页,共 13 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -新版人教新目标版八年级英语上册学问点总结4. one more thing = another one thing基数词 + more +名词 = another +基数词 +名词:又多少某物He ate an apple,he wanted to eattwo more apples.5. It s timefor sb to do sth是某人该做某事的时间了。It s time for us to have lunch.It s timefor sth是该做某事的时间了。It s time for the class.是该上课的时候了。Unit 9 Can you come to my party.本单元的话题:学会发出、接受或拒绝邀请。本单元的语法:复习情态动词。本单元的短语和学问点:1. on Saturday afternoon在星期六下午,在详细哪一天的是上午、下午或晚上用on,2. have to必需(后跟动词原形)He has to get up early.他必需早起。(一般疑问句)Does he get up early. Yes,he does.No,he doesn t.(否定句) He doesn t have to get up early.他没有必要早起。3. sth=want sth想要某物Jim would like a new pen .Would liketo do sth=want to do sth想做某事He d like to watch TV. Would you like to do sth .你情愿做 .?(用来提出建议或征求对方看法)-would you like to go shopping with me .你想和我一起去买东西吗?-Yes,I d love to,butI m doing my homework.我想去 , 但是我现在正在做家庭作业。=Sorry,I m doing my homework.特别愧疚,我正在做家庭作业。4. prepare for sth为做预备go to the doctor去看病 have the flu患流感help my parents给父母帮忙have an exam考试5. until的用法 : <1>如动词为 连续性动词 就用确定句式He studied until 21:00pm.他始终学习到晚上九点。<2>如动词为 非连续性动词,就用 not.until. (直到 .才.)He didn t go to bed until his father came back.他始终到他爸爸回来才上床睡觉。6. study for a math test为数学考试做预备go to the party参与聚会th7. What s today.今日几号? Its Monday,the 14. 今日星期一,十四号。可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 9 页,共 13 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -新版人教新目标版八年级英语上册学问点总结补充: what day is it today.今日星期几?it s Monday 今日星期一。thWhat s the date today.今日几月几日?It s October 20. 今日 10 月 20 日。8. go to the doctor去看病 have a piano lesson上钢琴课9. look after照看,照管= take care ofShe is old to look after his brother她足够大了能够照看她的弟弟。take good care of =look afterwell好好照管,好好照管We should take good care of the children.= We should look after the children well.10. 感叹句的类型: What a an+adj+ 可数名词单数( +主语 +谓语)! What +adj+可数名词复数不行数名词( +主语 +谓语