新八级下册------知识点归纳与总结及练习 .docx

精品名师归纳总结Unit 7 W hat s the highest mountain in the world.重难点解析一、重点短语1. as big as与 一样大as .as与 .一样形容词 副词 同级比较 中间加形容词副词原型2. one of the oldest countries最古老的国家之一one of +the形容词最高级 +可数名词复数 最 之一3. feel free to do sth.随便的做某事4. as far as I know据我所知 （可用在作文当中发表自己的观点）In my opioion5. in the world 在世界上 同义短语有： all over the world around the world throughout the world6. any other mountain其他任何一座山7. of all the salt lakes在全部的咸水湖中8. run along 跨过 9. freezing weather冰冻的天气10. take in air 呼吸空气11. the first people to do sth.第一个做某事的人12. in the face of difficulties 面临危急13. give up doing sth.舍弃做某事14. achieve one s dre实a现m 某人的理想15. even though虽然;尽管= even ifas if= as though似乎16. be awake醒着 wake up 醒来, 叫醒17. run over with excitement 兴奋的跑过去18. walk into sb. 撞到某人19 fall over 摔倒20. take care of照管;照管=look after= care for take care当心,保重21. every two years每两年 表频率 相当于 once two years二、学问点详解1. Feel free to ask me anything on today s Great Wall tour.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结在今日的长城游中,大家尽管问我任何问题,不要拘谨。 feel free 是英语口语中一个常用表达。如有人让你 feel free to do something,就 是让你无需拘谨,只管根据自己的意愿去做某事。e.g. A: Can I use your bathroom.我可以用一下你的卫生间吗？ B: Yes, feel free. 可以,请随便。2. As far as I know, there are no man-made objects as big as thi据s. 我所知,再没有像它这样大的人造物体了。 as far as I know是一个固定的表达方式, 仍可以说 so far as I know,意思是据我所知。e.g. They re not coming today, so far as I know.3. achievement n.成就。成果e.g.We felt a great sense of achievement when we reached the top of the mountain. 当我们到达山顶的时候,我们有一种庞大的成就感。achieve v.达到。完成。胜利e.g. He will never achieve anything if he doesn t work harder.4. southwestern adj.西南的。西南方向的 、e.g. Is this Southwestern Airline.这是西南航空公司吗？5. include v. 包含。包括 e.g. Her hobbies include swimming and gardening.6. condition n. 条件。状况 e.g. The piano was in good condition.7. take in 吸入。容纳 e.g. Fish take in oxygen through their gills.Take 常见短语： take offtake outtake away take caretake uptake after take care of 8. succeed v.实现目标。胜利常用短语： succeed in doing sth.e.g. Police have finally succeeded in solving the mystery.Succeed词性转换successuccessfulsuccessfully 8. challenge v. & n. 挑战。考查e.g. The job doesn t really challenge h这im项. 工作不能真正的考查他。可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结9. in the face of 面对（困难、问题等）e.g. In the face of difficulties, he s comple。tely unafraid.10. force n. 力。力气e.g. The thief took the money from the old man by force.11. One of the world s most dangerous sports is mountain climbing,one of + the + 形容词的最高级 + 复数名词,意为 最之一eg: Miss Wang is one of the most popular teachers in our school.12. It is also very hard to take in air as you get near the top. It is + adj. + to do st,h. Eg: It s very difficult to climb Qomolangma.13. Even more serious difficulties include freezing weather conditions and heavy storms.difficulty 既可作可数名词也可作不行数名词。作可数名词时通常用复数, 表示详细概念,即：各式各样的 困难,难题,难事,如： He s having financial difficulties.作不行数名词时,译作 困难,艰巨,幸苦,如： She had great difficulty in understanding him.常见短语有： have difficulty in doing sth 在 方面有困难14. The spirit of these climbers shows us that we should never give up trying to achieve our dreams.give up 意为 舍弃,后面可以接名词、代词或v-ing 形式作宾语。【留意】 假如其宾语是名词,那么名词可以放在give 和 up 之间,也可以放在up 之后。假如其宾语是代词,那么代词只能放在give 和 up 之间。Eg. Although English isn t easy to learn, Igwivoenit up. t15. Why do so many people try to climb this mountain even though it is dangerous.even though用作从属连词,意为 即使。尽管,相当于 even if,引导让步状语 从句,一般不与并列连词 but 连用。Eg: Mr. Wang will come on time even though it rains.16. they run over with excitement and some of them even walk into their friends可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结and fall over. run over 跑上前去e.g. She ran over to say hello, but I didn t recognize her.17. walk into （走路时意外）撞上e.g. As he was thinking too deeply and not playing attention to where he was going, he walked straight into a tree.18. over 摔倒。倒下 e.g. Don t run too fast, or you might fall over. fall over something 被某物绊倒e.g. Tommy fell over the dog and broke his front teeth. Tommy19. China has the largest population in the world中. 国式世界上人口最多的国家。Population 人口 当前面有百分数,分数修饰的时候谓语动词用复数,没有就用单数Eg. The world psopulation is increasing faster and faster.About 80% of the population in china are farmers.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结问人口是多少切记： What is the population of population of或者How large is the可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结Eg. What is the population of China. = How large is the population of China.【留意】肯定不能用 How many 或 how much。修饰 population同样用的是large或small,不能用 much 或many三、重点句型1. It is +adj. + for sb. to do sth.Eg.It is also very hard to take in air as you get near the top.It is +adj+ of sb +to do sth 介词 for, of 的挑选取决于前面的形容词,前面的形容词可以用来形容一个人的性格,品质特点用of 常见有： kind, clever, smart, foolish, 对事而言的话,就用 for,常见有 hard, easy, difficult, important,necessary等2. Although.,“ 不行以与 but连用可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结Eg. Although Japan is older than Canad,a3. sb. spend tim e/money doing/on sth.it is much smaller.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结Eg. Adult pandas spend more than 12 hours a day eating about 10 kilos of bamboo.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结四、重点语法 形容词副词的原级、比较级和最高级（一）原级句型 ：1. A is as+原级+ as+ B 表示 A 与 B 一样 eg: He is as tall as me.2.A is not as/so +原级+ as B 表示 A 不如 B eg:He is not as tall as me. 3.只能修饰原级的词, very,quite,so,too,so, enough, pretty等例如, He is too tired to walk on.他太累了以至于不能再连续走了。（二）比较级句型可以修饰比较级的词, much,a lot ,far, 的多 a little ,a bit , 一点儿 even甚至, still 仍旧Eg. Lesson One is much easier than Lesson Tw第o.一课比其次课简单得多。可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结Tom looks even younger than before汤.1. 当句中有 than 时就用比较级。 eg: He is fatter than me.姆甚至比以前更年轻。可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结2. 当句子中的比较对象为两者时用比较级：“特别疑问词 +be+形容词比较级, A or B ？”eg: Which is bigger, the earth or the moon？哪一个大,的球仍是月球？3. 比“较级 +and+比较级 ”表示“越来越”。eg.The flowers are more and more beautifu花l. 儿越来越美丽。加 more 构成比较级的形容词就用 more and more +形容词表示越来越 eg: English is more and more important.4. “ th比e+较级, the+比较级 ”表示“越 ,越”。Eg. The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes youll make.5. “ A+be+the形+容词比较级 +of the two+表”示“A是两者中较 的”。Eg.Look at the two boys. My brother is the taller of the two.6. A+be+形容词比较级 +than+any other+单数名词 +介词短语 ”表示“A比同一范畴的任何一个人 /物都”,含义是 “A最”。Eg. The Yangtze River is longer than any other river in China.=The Yangtze River is the longest river in China.（三）最高级常用句型结构可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结1. “主语 +be+the+形容词最高级 +单数名词 +in/of 短语 ”表示 “是 中最的”。eg： Tom is the tallest in his class./of all the students.This apple is the biggest of the five.2. “主语 +be+one of the+形容词最高级+复数名词 +in/of 短语 ”表示 “ 是中最之一”。Eg： Beijing is one of the largest cities in China.3. “特别疑问词 +be+the+最高级 +A ,B, or C？”用于三者以上 eg Which is the biggest. The moon,the sun or ths earth.4. ” the序+数词 +最高级+单数名词 +范畴”。表示 是第几大（ ）eg: The Yellow River is the second longest river in China .【留意】 形容词最高级之前要加the,但当最高级之前有形容词性物主代词或名词全部格时就不用加 theeg: He is the best student in my class.He is my best friend.（四）形容词副词的规章与不规章变化规章变化1. 一般在词尾直接加 er 或 est,例如, tall-taller-tallest ,long-longer-longest2. 以不发音的字母 e 结尾的单词在词尾直接加r 或 st,例如, nice-nicer- nicest3.以辅音字母 +y 结尾的词,把y 变为 i ,再加 er 或 est,例如, heavy- heavier-heaviest4. 重读闭音节,末尾只有一个辅音字母,双写这个辅音字母,再加er 或est,eg. big-bigger-biggest5. 部分双音节词和多音节词分别在原级前加 more 构成比较级和 most 构成最高级, 例如, slowly-more slowly-most slowly 。 beautiful- more beautiful-most beautiful不规章变化原级比较级最高级good/wellbetterbestbad/badly/illworseworst可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结many/muchmoremostlittlelessleastfaroldfarther furtherolderfarthest furtherOldest 无血缘关系的 elderEldest（有血缘关系）可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结五、课堂练习I. 用所给词的适当形式填空。1. The white shirts are as cheap as the yellow ones.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结2. Which one ispopular, football or basketball.3. The fifth orange isbig of all. Give it to the young boy.4. Jason s hasgood quality than Trendy Teens.5. Which city isbeautiful, Beijing, Shanghai or Fuzhou.II. 单项挑选题1. Pop music ismusic in the world.A .best ofB .more betterC .good ofD. the best2. Of all the students, Angie is thebut studiesthan others.A .shorter, bestB .shortest, betterC .shortest, bestD .shorter, better3. As students, we must work hard to make our country.A .rich and stronger B .richer and strongerC .richer and strongerD .rich and strong4. John often talksbut does, so all of us think he is a good boy. A .little, manyB .few, fastC .less, moreD. more, less5. The boy didn t runto catch the bus.A .fast enoughB .enough fastC .quick enoughC .enough quick6. I m sure you can jump asas Jim if you wear your sports shoes. A .slowB .slowerC .higherD .high7. I donhintktthis question is than that one .It is of these questions.A. easier, more difficultB .easier, the most difficultC. easiest, more difficultD .easier, much more difficult8. Mr Zhang is one ofin our school.A .the more popular teachersB .most popular teachersC .the most popular teachersD .the most popular teacher可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结（一） 写出以下形容词与副词的比较级与最高级形式： long wide fat heavy slow few brightly-bably far quickly happy-unhappy 二用所给词的正确形式填空：1. Of the two girls, I find Lucy theclever.2. Gold 黄金 islittle useful than iron 铁.3. My sister is two yearsold than I.4. John s parents have four daughters, and she is theyoung child.5. Thecheap bags are the not usually the best ones.6. The short one is by farexpensive of the five.7. The boy is not sointeresting as his brother.8. Dick singswell, she singswell than John, but Mary singswell in her class.9. She will be muchhappy in her mew house.10. Thisdressis that.twice,as as ,expensive英语语法之形容词比较级和最高级练习题1. This box isthat one.A. heavy than B. so heavy thanC. heavier as D. as heavy as2 When we speak to people, we should be ' .A. as polite as possible B. as polite as possiblyC. as politely as possible D. as politely as possibly 3 This book isthat one, butthan that one.A. as difficult as; expensiveB. as more difficult as; more expensiveC. as difficult as; more expensiveD. more difficult as; as expensive4 I think the story is not soas that one.A. interesting B. interested C. more interesting D. most interesting 5 His father began to workhe was seven years old.A. as old as B. as early as C. since D. while 21. I think science is _ than Japanese.A. much important B. important C. much more important D. more much important 2 This pencil isthan that one. longest B. long C. longer D. as long 3 My mother is noyoung.A. shorter B. longer C. little D. few 4 These children arethis year than they were last year.A. more tall B. more taller C. very taller D. much taller 5 It was very hot yesterday, but it istoday.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结A. even hotter B. more hotterC. much more hot D. much hot6. Mrs Black has gotinstead of getting any better.A. more bad B. a little worse C. much badly D. a lot of worse 3 1 When we arrived, we found the meeting room crowded withstudents.A. quite a few B. only a few C. few D. a few quite 2 The house is small for a family of six.A. much too B. too much C. very much D.so3 Through the window we can see nothing butbuildings.A. tall very many B. very many tall C. very tall many D. many very tall 4 -What's your brother like.-He is.A. a driver B. very tall C. my friend D. at school5 The jacket was sothat he decided to buy it. ,A. much B. little C. expensive D. cheapl6 Our classroom islarger than theirs.A. more B. quite C. very D. much 4 1 The earth is aboutas the moon.A. as fifty time big B. fifty times as big C. as big fifty times D. fifty as times big 2 Your room is mine.A. twice as large than B. twice the size ofC. bigger twice than D. as twice large as 3 Your room isthan mine.A. three time big B. three times big C. three times bigger D. bigger three times 4 His father isthan his mother. ;A. older four years B. as four years older C. four years older D. bigger four years5 1 Maths is more popular than.A. any other subject B. all the subjects C. any subject D. other subject 2 China is larger thanin Africa W.A. any other country B. other countries C. the other country J 1%D. any country 3 Tom is stronger thanin his class.A. any other boy B. any boys C. any boy D. other boy6 1 When spring comes, it gets.A. warm and warm B. colder and colder C. warmer and warmer D. shorter and shorter 2 By and by,students in our class came to like English. A. more and moreB. much and much C. many and many D. less and least 3 At last he began to cry.A. hard and hard B. more hard and more hard C. harder and harder D. less hard and less harder可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结 4 When spring comes the days getand nights.A. short; long B. long; short C. longer; shorter D. shorter; longer 71 I look at the picture,I like it.A. The best; the more B. The more; the lessC. The more; less D. More; the more2 he read the book,he got in it. A. The more; the more interestingB. The less; the more interesting C. The more; the more interested D. More; more interested 3you come back,it will be.A, The quicker; the best B. The sooner; the better C. Faster; the better D. Thesooner; better81 I likeone of the two books.A. the older B. oldest C. the oldest D. older 2 Which iscountry, China or Japan.A. the large B. the larger C. larger D. largest 3 Of the two cups, he bought .A. the smaller B. the smallest C. small D: smaller9 1 Which do you like, tea or coffee.A. well B. better C. best D. most 2 This work isfor me than for you.A. difficult B. most difficultC. much difficult D. more difficult 3 Which do you think tastes, the chicken or the fish.A. good B. better C. best D. well 4 The Great Pyramid is about 137 metres high today, but it was onceA. higher B. highest C. high too D. more high 5 Don't you think itnot to write the letter. A A. well , B. better C. best D. good10 1 Who jumpedof all.A. far B. farther C. farthest D. the most far 2 Li Lei isstudent in our class.A. tall B. taller C. tallest D. the tallest 3 The fifth orange isof all. Give it to that small child.A. big B. bigger C. the bigger D. the biggest 4 Who is-of you three.A. the oldest B. much older C. oldest D. older 11 1 Tom is one ofboys in our class.A. tallest B. taller C. the tallest B. the tall 2 English is one