新沪教版初中英语七级上册知识点归纳及单元语法,单元测试题2.docx

精品名师归纳总结可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结一必背单词Unit 5 Visiting the Moon可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结1.diary日记，日记簿 2. space太空3. spaceship宇宙飞船4.spacesuit宇航服， 航天服5. nervous紧急的6. leave 离开 7.able 能够 8. tie 糸，捆，绑9.ourselves 我们自己10. without 没有11. weak虚弱的，无力的12. breathe 呼吸13. if 假如14. camera照相机15. work 运转。运行16. garden花园17.rock 岩石 18.postcard明信片19.machine机器20. return 返回21. gravity 重力，的球引力22. float 漂浮。浮动二必背短语1.more than 多于 2. be able to能够3.have to 不得不，必需4.so that 以便5. take photos 拍照 6. asas像。一样。犹如 7. that is 也就是说8. get weak 变虚弱9. tieto把。糸在。上 10. be excited about对。感到兴奋11. bring back 带回 12. such as例如 13. taketo带。去。 14.one of the first students第一批同学之一15. on the Moon 在月球上16. in the future 将来 17. get excited 变得兴奋，兴奋18. come back 回来19.a large amount of 大量 20. be interested in 对。感爱好 21. do exercises 做运动 22. visit the Space Museum 参观太空博物馆 23. at the moment目前 24. at the school gate在学校门口 25. in the swimming pool 在游泳池里三同义词1. leave= go away from 离开 2. return=come back/go back 返回 3. have to =must必需 4. be able to=can 能够 5. tie=hold two or more things together with a rope糸， 捆，绑 6. breathe=take air into and send it out of your body 呼吸 7. at the moment=now 目前8. more than =over超过9. so that=in order that 以便 10.worry about可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结sb.=be worried about sb担.心某人可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结四重点句型1.。so that以便。为了（引导目的状语从句）(1) We will have to tie ourselves to our beds so that we wont float away in our sleep.我们将不得不把自己绑在床上，以便我们睡觉时不会飘走。(2) He always gets up very early so that he can catch the first bus.为了能赶上第一班车，他总是很早起床。2. asas sb. can 尽可能。(1) Im going to take many photos as I can, that is, if my camera still works up there.也就是说， 假如我的照相机在太空中仍能用的话。 。 我将尽可能多拍些照片。(2) We should do as many things as we to protect the Earth.我们应当尽量多做一些事情来爱护的球。3. be able to do sth. 能够做某事(1) There is no gravity in space, so well all be able to float around in the spaceship.太空里没有的球引力，所以我们都将能够漂浮在宇宙飞船里。(2) Im able to carry the box by myself.我能够自己搬这个箱子。1可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 25 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结4. It takes/took/will take sb. +some time +to do sth.(1) The Moon is around 380,000 kilometres from the Earth, so itll take us about four days to get there.月球距离的球 380,000 公里，所以我们将花四天的时间才能到那里。(2) It usually takes me two hours to do my homework every day.我通常每天花 2 个小时做作业。(3) It took Tom one hours to clean his room yesterday.汤姆昨天花了 1 个小时清洁他的房间。五语法：一般将来时的用法一般将来时表示将来某个时间将要发生的动作或存在的状态，或表示将来常常或 反复发生的动作。常与tomorrow，next year，this Saturday, soon, in the future, in a moment 等表示将来的时间状语连用。（一）、含助动词 will的一般将来时例如：1. He will have an important meeting tomorrow morning.2. I won't go swimming with you this afternoon.3. - Will Lucy come to the party tomorrow.- Yes, she will.No, she wont总结: 通过以上例句我们可以看出，含助动词will的一般将来时的结构如下：确定句 :主语+ will + do+ 其他否定句 : 主语+ will + not + do+ 其他will not 可缩写为 won't一般疑问句 : Will+ 主语+do+其他确定回答 : Yes，主语 +will 。否定回答： No，主语 + won't（二）、be going to 表示一般将来时例如：1. He is going to visit his grandfather next weekend.2. We aren t going to fly to Beijing tomorrow because of the bad weather.3. - Are you going to have a picnic this Sunday.- Yes, we are.No, we aren't.总结：通过以上例句我们可以看出，be going to 表示一般将来时的结构如下：确定句：主语 +amisare + going to+ do+其他否定句：主语 +amisare not + going to +do+其他一般疑问句： Am Is Are+主语 +going to+ do+其他确定回答： Yes，主语 +amis are。否定回答：No，主语 +amisare + not（三）留意when 引导的时间状语从句或if 引导的条件状语从句中用一般现在时代替将来时，简称“主将从现”四 there be句型的将来时形式There will beThere is gong to be2可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 25 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结【写作目标】Unit 5Writing可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结假设你是班长， 预备组织班上同学这个周六到动物园玩。请你依据下表的提示，向同学们说明这次活动的支配，80 词左右。开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。8:00校门口集合8:009:00坐车9:0011:30在动物园（游玩、看动物、表演）11:3012:30吃自己带去的食物14:00动物园门口集合15:00学校门口解散回家【写作步骤】审题：（一）本文是要求写一篇外出活动支配，所以要留意讲清晰时间、 的点以及支配。（二）时态：以一般将来时为主。（三）书写正文。把表格中所给的内容提示组句成文，切不行遗漏要点，可适当 发挥。虽然是介绍一天的支配， 但也要防止写成流水账， 令读者读起来枯燥乏味。这样，就需要我们运用一些句式和留意句与句的连接。（四）检查校对全文。特殊留意提示中的要点是否齐全。联想：写作本篇作文可能需要的短语和句型短语: meet at the school gate; arrive at; look at; watch; play games; go home句式：，because.After we do，we do Before we do，we do组句成文ThisSaturday,wearegoingtovisitthezoo.Hope we will have a good time.参考范文 :This Saturday, we are going to visit the zoo. We are going to meet at the school gate at 8:00, and take a bus together. After an hour's journey, we will arrive at the zoo. Then, we will have two and a half hours to visit the zoo. We can look at the animals, watch the shows and play games. At 11:30, we will get together again to eat the food we bring. We will meet at the gate of the zoo at 14:00 and take a bus again to go back to school. Then we'll go home.Hope we will have a good time.3可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 25 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -【一展身手】假如你叫王清，你的英国笔友Jack 来广州玩，你将带他参观广州塔，请你按以下要点给他写封回信，告知他你的支配。支配： 1傍晚 5 点动身，大约 6:00 上塔。2在塔上游玩、拍照。3. 7:30 下来，在塔下连续拍照留念。4. 大约 9:00 回到宾馆。留意： 1词数： 80 词左右。2信的开头和结尾已写好，不计入总词数。3书写干净规范。Dear Jack，I am very glad to receive your letter. You ask me about my plan to visitthe Guangzhou Tower. Now I can tell you something about it.I'm looking forward to your visit. Best wishes.Yours, Wang Qing4可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 25 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -Unit5Visiting the Moon重点单词 : diary, space, spaceship, spacesuit, nervous, leave, gravity, able, float, tie, ourselves, without, weak, breathe, if, camera, work, garden, rock, postcard, machine, return.重点短语more than, be able to, have to, so that, take photos, asas, that is, such as.课文重点句子解析Reading1. How will Jerry travel.How may Jerry feel about the trip.travel, trip, journey的用法辨析 :三者区分如下1). travel泛指一般意义的旅行如He is fond of travel = travelling.他喜爱旅行。Travel is much cheaper than it used to be.现在旅行比过去廉价多了。注many 或数词连用。如He s gone off on his travels again.他又外出旅行了。另外travel通常只是泛指旅行How was your travel.2). journey通常指远距离的陆的旅行到动身的 即通常指单程。如 I wish you a pleasant journey.祝你一路顺风。He made a journey to Beijing.他去北京旅行了。注journey有时并不指真正意义的“旅行”如How long is your journey to work.你上班要走多远.3). trip通常指近距离的为了办事或消遣而进行旅行即指双程 不过有时trip也可指远距离的长途旅行journey换用journey更通俗。 如A Where is John. 约翰在哪里 .BHe s on a tripto Shanghai. 他去上海旅行了。He ll make a round-the-world trip.他将周游世界。2. There can be more than one answer.more than= over超过3. Tomorrow I'll be one of the first students to travel into the space.one of the first students .的其中之一, 此机构中的中心名词要用可数名词的复数。如He is one of the top students. 他是尖子生之一。space, place, room 的用法区分三者均可表示“空的” 、“空间”区分如下：1). 泛指一般意义的“空的”或“空间”space 和 room 均可以用如 The large table takes up too much space room. 这张大桌子太占的方了。 There isn t enough space room for all our luggage. 没有足够的的方可以放我们的行李。 Here is an empty place, put the box here. 这里有个空的方注 place 表示“太空” 、“宇宙”room 表示“房间”He was staring into space.他极目眺望。This is one of the largest rooms here. 这是这里最大的房间之一。2). place 表示“空的”seat 同义。如Well try to get places =seats at the front of the hall.我们要设法弄到大厅前面的座位。There are only two places =seats left for tonight.今晚只剩两个座位。AIs there any room space in the boat. 船上有空处吗 . BYes, that place in the corner is empty. 在那边角落里仍有个空 位。4. The spaceship will leave the Earth at 9 a.m.“ leave+的点”表示“离开某的”。例如When did you leave Shanghai.-你什么时候离开上海的5可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 25 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -“ leave for+ 的点”表示“动身去某的”。例如Next Friday, Alice is leaving for London.下周五“ leave+的点 +for+ 的点”表示“离开某的去某的”。例如Why are you leaving Shanghai for Beijing.你为什么要离开上海去北京5. It will take us to the Moon. take. to.带.去.6. The Moon is around 380,000 kilometers from the Earth ,so it'll take us aboutfour days to get there. around = about大约 it take sb. some time to do sth. =sb spend some time doing sth. / on sth.某人花了多长时间做某事it 在此句型中作形式主语It will take him an hour to finish all his homework.= He will spend an hour finishing/on all his homework.完成全部的家庭作业将花费他一个小时。get to , arrive , reach的用法三者均可表示“到达” arrive 和 get 都是不及物动词here, there, home之类的表的点的副词作状语。如What time does the trainarrive. 火车什么时候到. We got arrived here last night.我们昨晚到这儿。要表示“到达某的”1. arrive之后通常接介词at 一般用于较小的的方或 in 一般用于较大的的方 。如We arrived at the station five minutes late.我们到车站晚了5 分钟。They will arrive in Paris next Monday.他们将于下周星期一到达巴黎。1.get 之后通常接介词to。如 When we got to the park, it began to rain. 我们到达公园时在谈到火车、汽车等或乘客等到站时get in 。如 The bus gets in at five thirty. 汽车五点半到站。 reach 通常是及物动词较 get 更正式 接跟的点名词作宾语不能用介词 。如 He reached Beijing yesterday.他昨天到达北京。注reach 之后也可接here, there,home 等词。如 When did he reach home yesterday. 昨天他什么时候到家 . 顺便说一句 reach 除可表示到达某的外Your letter reached me last week. 我 是上周收到你的信的。 He has reached school age. 他已达到上学年龄。 You can guess it when you reach the end of the chapter. 当你读到这末尾时7. There is no gravity in space. There be 句型be 动词的形式依据其后所跟名词的单复数遵循主谓一样的原就There is 可 数 名 词 单 数 或 不 可 数 名 词 There is an apple on the table. There is some water in the bottle. There are 可 数 名 词 的 复 数 There are two apples on the chair.8. So we will all be able to float around in the spaceship. 比较 : be able to 与 can1 can 表示才能过去时用could,只用于现在式和过去式could 。be ableto 可以用于各种时态。They will be able to tell you the news soon.他很快就能告知你消息了。2 be able toa. 位于助动词后,b. 情态动词后 , c. 表示过去某时刻动作时, d.用于句首表示条件,e. 表示胜利的做了某事时was/were able to不能用 could。He was able to flee Europe before the war broke out.= He managed to flee Europe before the war broke out.6可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 25 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -9.-We'll have to tie ourselves to our beds so that we won't float away in our sleep.must 和 have to 用法比较讲解 :1 must 表示“必需”must notmustn't 表示“不应当”等。在回答带有must 的问句时need notneedn't或 don't have to表示“不必”must not mustn't 。 The work must be finished as soon as possible. 这件工作必需尽快完成。You mustn't speak like that. 你不能那样说话。 Must I be home before eight o'clock. 8点之前我必需回家吗 Yes, you must./No, you needn't./No, you don't have to.是的回家。 /不2 must 表估计一般只用于确定句中There must be some mistakes.确定有一些错误。You must be very tired. 你肯定很累了。假如表示对过去事情的估计"must+ 完成时 " 。Youmust have leftyour umbrella in the theatre. 你肯定把雨伞丢在剧院里了。His car is still here. He must have gone by bus.他的车仍在这里当 must 表估计之意时定形式常用can not 而 不 用 must not 。 He can't havebeen to your home. He doesn't know your address.他不行能到过你家道你的住址。What can he be doing at this time of night.夜晚都到这个时候了到底在干什么了.3 must 表必定性You must catch cold if you don't put on more clothes.假如你不多穿些衣服All men must die. 人固有一死。Truth must be out. 真相总会大白。4 have to 表示“必需”must 很 接 近 must 表 示的是说话人的主观看法 have to 表示的却是客观需要。 I have to go now. 我得走了。I must go now. 我必需走。You have to work hard to make a living. 为了谋生你就得努力工作。You must do what I tellyou.你必需依据我告知你的去 做。5 have to 有更多的时态形式must 只有现在时形式。 We had to be there at 8. 我们得 8 点到那里。 I shall have to go to school tomorrow. 明天我得去上学了。so that 以便I get up early today so that I can catch the firstbus towork.我今日早起以便能赶上去上班的头班车。10. Without gravity, our bodies may get weak,so we'll have to do exercises every day.Without gravity=If there is no gravity, our bodies may get weak.假如没有万有引力体将变得很虚弱。11. I'll have to wear a spacesuit to help me breathe because there's no air on the Moon. wear, dress, dress up,in, put on 的用法小结 :都含有“穿、戴”之意同。wear “穿着例如： You d better wear blue or black pants with blown shoes.穿棕色鞋子的时候, 最好要穿蓝色或黑色裤子。Why does he often wear dark sunglasses. 他为什么常常戴着深色的太阳镜dress 的宾语通常是人dress oneself 或 get dressed 表示给自己穿衣服。例如：My son is now able to dress himself.我儿子现在自己会穿衣服了。It s time to wake up and get dressed. 该起床穿衣服了。dress up 的意思是“盛装装扮、乔装装扮”。7可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 25 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -例如： Id like you to dress up for my birthday party tonight.今晚我期望你为我的生日派对装扮装扮。Young kids often dress up and have fun at Halloween.万圣节前夜，小孩子通常都乔装in是介词作表语或定语。例如： This is a picture of a young man in a black coat.这是一张穿着黑色外套的年轻人的照片。这里in a black coat 是 young man 的定语。He is in a black nylon jacket today.今日他穿着黑色尼龙夹克。In a black nylon jacket 在这个句子里作表语。put on“穿上、戴上”例如： Iwantyou toput on thiscoat and this hat.我要你穿这件外套Put on your heavy winter coat if you are going out.假如你要出去 help sb. to do =help sb. with sth.帮忙某人做某事 breath n. 呼吸 相关短语 deep breath 深呼吸 take a deep breath 深呼吸out of breath 喘不过气来。 用 法 His breath was steadied in his sleep. 睡着之后breathe v. 相 关 短 语 breathe in 吸 入 breathe out 呼出 breathe freely 透 气 breathe deeply 深 呼 吸12. I'm going to take as many photos as I can, that is , if my camera still works up there.as many photos as I can = as many photos as possible 尽可能多的照片that is= that's to say=It means. 也就是说 .一般将来时1用 be doing 表示将来：主要意义是表示按方案、支配即将发生的动作，常用于位置转移的动词。如： go， come， leave，arrive 等，也可用于其他动作动词。We are having fish for dinner.We are moving to a different hotel the day after tomorrow.这种用法通常带有表示将来的时间状语，假如不带时间状语，就依据上下文可表示最近即将发生的动作。A: Where are you going.B: I am going for a walk. Are you coming with me. A: Yes ， I am just coming. Wait for me.2用 be going to do 表示将来：主要意义，一是表示“意图 ”，即准备在最近的将来或将来进行某事。Are you going to post that letter. How long is he going to stay here. I am going to book a ticket.另一意义是表示“预见 ”，即现在已有迹象说明将要发生或即将发生某种情形。It s going to rain.George is putting on weight; he is going to be quite fat.3. 用 will/ shall do 表示将来： 一是表示 预见You will feel better after taking this medicine. Do you think it will rain.二是表示 意图 .I will not lend the boo