2022年一般现在时,一般过去式及现在进行时知识点及练习题.pdf

一般现在时用法及练习题一、用法：1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。3.表示客观现实。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。二、构成：1. be 动词：主语 +be(am ,is ,are)+其它。如： I am a boy.我是一个男孩。2.行为动词：主语 +行为动词 (+其它 )。如： We study English.我们学习英语。当主语为第三人称单数(he, she ,it)时，三单变化：多数在动词后加s，playplays likelikes 以 s，x，sh，ch，o 结尾的动词加es gogoes washwashes，以辅音字母加y 结尾，把 y 改 i 再加 es ，flyflies。第三，我的变化 -否定句、一般疑问句、特殊疑问句：1. be 动词的变化。否定句：主语 + be + not +其它。如： He is not a worker.他不是工人。一般疑问句： Be +主语 +其它。如： -Are you a student -Yes. I am. / No, Im not.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Where is my bike2.行为动词的变化。否定句：主语 + dont( doesnt ) + 动词原形 (+其它 )。如： I dont like bread.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesnt 构成否定句。如：He doesnt often play.一般疑问句： Do( Does ) + 主语 +动词原形 +其它。如： - Do you often play football- Yes, I do. / No, I dont.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does 构成一般疑问句。如： - Does she go to work by bike- Yes, she does. / No, she doesnt.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：How does your father go to work同学们需要掌握的一般现在时第三人称单数形式：Lives, teaches, goes, watches, reads, does, works, does, doesnt。一般过去式及练习一、基本概念一般过去时 (simple past tense)表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为；过去主语所具备的能力和性格。二、基本结构主语 +动词过去式 +其他否定形式was/were+not; 在行为动词前加didnt ，同时还原行为动词一般疑问句Did+主语 +do+其他例句 She often came to help us in those days. I didnt know you were so busy. 一般过去式的构成形式肯定式疑问式否定式疑问否定式I workedDid I workI did not workDid I not workHe(she,it) workedDid he(she,it) workHe (she,it)did not workDid he(she,it)not workWe workedDid we workWe did not workDid we not workYou workedDid you workYou did not workDid you not workThey workedDid they workThey did not workDid they not work三、一般过去时的用法(1)一般过去时表示在过去某个特定时间发生，也可以表示过去习惯性、经常性的动作。一般过去时不精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 9 页 - - - - - - - - - - 强调动作对现在的影响，只说明过去的事情。句式：主语 +过去动词 +宾语 +其他 如： I had a word with Julia this morning.今天早晨，我跟朱丽亚说了几句话。 He smoked many cigarettes a day until he gave up. 他没有戒烟的那阵子，抽烟抽得可凶了。(2) 一般过去时常与表示过去的时间状语或从句连用，如： yesterday, last week, in 1993, at that time, once, during the war, before, a few days ago, when 等等。补充内容： （句子中谓语动词是用一般过去时还是用现在完成时，取决于动作是否对现在有影响。Have you had your lunch 你吃过午饭了吗（你现在不饿吗）Yes, I have. 是的，我已经吃过了。 （已经吃饱了，不想再吃了。）When did you have it 你是什么时候吃的 （关心的是吃的动作发生在何时。）I had it about ten minutes ago. 我大约是十分钟以前吃的。）Used to do something 表示过去常做而现在已经停止了的习惯动作。I used to work fourteen hours a day. 我过去常常一天干十四个小时。I ate it at 6：45。我在六点四十五分吃了。注意：1、 带有确定的过去时间状语时，要用过去时如： yesterday （昨天） 、 two days ago （两天前） 、last year（去年）、the other day（前几天）、once upon a time（很久以前）、 just now（刚才）、in the old days（过去的日子里） 、before liberation （解放前）、 When I was 8 years old（当我八岁时） 、at+一个时间点Did you have a party the other day 前几天，你们开了晚会了吗Lei Feng was a good soldier. 雷锋是个好战士。另外，在谈到已死去的人的情况时，多用过去时。2、表示过去连续发生的动作时，要用过去时这种情况下，往往没有表示过去的时间状语，而通过上下文来表示。The boy opened his eyes for a moment ， looked at the captain ， and then died. 那男孩把眼睛张开了一会儿，看看船长，然后就去世了。3、 表示过去一段时间内经常或反复的动作，常与 always， never 等连用。Mrs. Peter always carried an umbrella. 彼得太太过去老是带着一把伞。（只是说明她过去的动作，不表明她现在是否常带着伞。 ）比较Mrs. Peter always carries an umbrella. 彼得太太老是带着伞。（说明这是她的习惯，表明她现在仍然还习惯总带着一把伞）Mrs. Peter is always carrying an umbrella. 彼得太太总是带着一把伞。 （表示说话者对这一动作或行为厌烦）I never drank wine.我以前从不喝酒。（不涉及到现在，不说明现在是否喝酒）4、如果强调已经终止的习惯时要用used to do(过去常常做， 而现在不那样做了) He used to drink. 他过去喝酒。（意味着他现在不喝酒了。喝酒这个动作终止了）I used to take a walk in the morning. 我过去是在早晨散步。（意味着现在不在早晨散步了）比较：I took a walk in the morning. 我曾经在早晨散过步。（只是说明过去这一动作）5、有些句子，虽然没有表示过去确定时间的状语，但实际上是指过去发生的动作或存在的状态的话，也要用过去时，这一点，我们中国学生往往出错，要特别注意！I dont know you were in Paris. 我不知道你在巴黎。（因为在说话时，我已经知道你在巴黎了。这句话指的是说话之前，所以只能用过去时表示。实际上，这句话暗指：But now I know you are here. ）I think you were ill. 我以为你病了呢。（这句话应是在说话之前，我以为你病了。但是现在我知道你没病）四、一般过去时谓语部分的构成1 Be 动词的一般过去时态. 在没有实义动词的句子中使用be 动词， am is 的过去式为 was; are 的过去式为were. 构成：肯定句：主语 +was (were) +表语如：I was late yesterday. （昨天我迟到了。 ）否定句： 主语 +was (were) +not+表语如： We werent late yesterday. (我们昨天没迟到) 疑问句： Was (Were) +主语 +表语如：Were you ill yesterday （你昨天病了吗）肯定回答：Yes, I was. ( 是的，我病了。) 否定句：No, I wasnt. (不，我没病。) 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 +was (were) +主语 +表语如：When were you born 你是什么时候出生的2 实义动词的一般过去时态肯定句要使用动词的过去式，否定句和疑问句要使用助动词do 和 does 的过去式did. 肯定句为：精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 9 页 - - - - - - - - - - 主语 +动词过去式 +宾语如： I went home at nine oclock yesterday.（我昨天九点钟回的家。 ）否定句：主语 +didnt +动词原形 +宾语如： I didnt go home yesterday. ( 我昨天没回家。) 疑问句： Did +主语 +动词原形 +宾语如： Did you go home yesterday (你昨天回家了吗) 肯定回答：Yes, I did. ( 是的，我回了。 ) 否定回答： No, I didnt. ( 不，我没回家。) 3 助动词和情态动词过去式如下：shallshould（将要）用于第一人称单数willwould（将要）用于所有人称cancould（能，会） maymight（可以）mustmust （必须）have tohad to（不得不）助动词和情态动词的过去时态要使用他们的过去式，后面的动词还使用原形。如： I had to do my homework yesterday. ( 昨天我不得不做作业。) 一般过去时讲解一般过去时也叫单纯过去时。例 A：He worked very hard last year. （去年他很用功。 ）例 B：Mr. Smith bought a new car yesterday. （史密斯先生昨天买了一辆新车。 ）例 C：They were here only a few minutes ago. （几分钟前他们还在这里。）一般过去时的用法如下：一般过去时最明显的现象就是常由表达过去之时间的副词或副词短语来修饰它 （如各例句的斜体字部分） 。 这些常用于修饰一般过去时的副词有：yesterday, yesterday morning （afternoon, evening ）, just now （刚才） , before （以前） , then （at that time ） （当时） , last +时间 （如last week, month, year, Monday, January, spring, , etc. ）, that + 时间（如 that day, afternoon, summer, , etc. ）, 时间 + ago （如a few minutes ago, two weeks ago , years ago, etc.）“过去”的概念并不是只指如“yesterday, last week, ” 等，实际上“与现在对立的过去”，亦即“非现在的以前” ，哪怕是“过了说话时间的几分钟之前”，只要所要表达的时间与说话时的“现在”形成对立，就必须使用一般过去时来表达。例如：He was here only a few minutes ago. （仅仅几分钟前他还在这里。）I came home just now. （我刚回到家。）五、特殊疑问句：疑问词 +did+主语 +动词原形如：What did Jim do yesterday疑问词当主语时：疑问词+动词过去式如： Who went to home yesterday六、动词过去式变化规则：1一般在动词末尾加-ed，如： pull-pulled, cook-cooked2结尾是 e 加 d，如： taste-tasted3 末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母， 再加 -ed， 如： stop-stopped4以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y 为 i，再加 -ed，如： study-studied5不规则动词过去式（详见书本）三、现在进行时1、现在进行时：现在进行时表示正在发生或进行的动作。常与now，at the moment 等时间状语连用。其基本结构： be (is/am/are) + v-ing 。例： He is sleeping at the moment.2、表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。例： I am studying in Datun High School.They are working in a factory these days.3、某些动词的现在进行时可表将来。例： We are going to Beijing this afternoon.The bus is coming.4、表示经常、反复发生的动作，常与always，continually ，constantly，forever 等连用，常表示厌烦、不满和赞扬等情感。例： He is always working until midnight. （赞扬）They are forever quarrelling about something. （不满）精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 9 页 - - - - - - - - - - 动词 v-ing 的构成形式：规则原形-ing 形式一般在动词原形末尾加-ingwashcatchstaywashingcatchingstaying以不发音的字母e 结尾的动词。先去掉e，再加 -ingmaketakegivemakingtakinggiving以重读闭音节结尾的动词，如果末尾只有一个辅音字母，应双写这个字母，再加 -ingsitgetbeginsittinggettingbeginning以 ie 结尾的单词，改ie 为 y，再加 -ingliedietielyingdyingtying练习一般现在时练习I. Choose the right answers to cloze. 用括号内适当的形式填空。often (play) in the playground.2.He (get) up at six oclock.3. you (brush) your teeth every morning.4. What (do) he usually (do) after school5. _ they _(like) the World Cup6. Mike sometimes _(go) to the park with his sister.7.At eight at night, she (watch) TV with his parents.8. Mike (read) English every day9.How many lessons your classmate_(have) on Monday 10.What time his mother (do) the houseworkusually _ (get)up at six in the morning.(have) blues eyes._(go ) to school every dayboy _(like) playing football.(have)no classes on Sundays.(write) to her mother once a week._(rain)quite often during the month of July every year.often_(watch)TV on Saturdays.usually_(ride) a bike with his friends in the park.20 Peter and Mary often_(play) badminton together.mother_(have) a lot of cousins.people often _ (listen) to the radio in the moring.精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 9 页 - - - - - - - - - - (do)she _(like) playing the violinYes,she_(do).(have)four brothers. She_(like) them very much.24. He often _(have) dinner at home. 25. We _(not watch) TV on Monday. usually _(play) the piano on Sundays.cat_(like) eating fish every much.28. Su Hai and Su Yang _(have) eight lessons this term.29. She and I _(take) a walk together every evening.II. Read and fill in the blanks.( 选词填空 )Watches read goes gets eats lives worksMy aunt is a nurse. She likes music very much. She _ in a big hospital. Every day she _ up at 6:30. She _ breakfast at 7:00. After breakfast she _ to work by bus. She usually goes home at 5:30. After dinner, she often _ TV and _ books. At 10:30, she goes to bed.III. Read the questions and circle the right answers.( 读问题，圈出正确的答案)does your pen pal live A. No, she live in the country. B. She live in the city. C. She lives in the city.does she go to workA. She go to work at 7. B. She goes to work at 7. C. Yes, she does.3. Does Peter go to school by subwayA. No, he does. B. No, he doesn t. C. Yes, on foot.4. What does Miss Green doA. She teaches English. B. Yes, she s a teacher. C. At school.she read newspapers at nightA. Yes, she do. B. Yes, she does. C. No, she does. s your pen pal s hobbyA. She like reading. B. She like read. C. She likes reading.练习：1. - What about the pen you bought yesterday - It _ well. I like it very much.A. was written B. is written C. wrote D. writes2. There is going to _ a sports meeting next week. If it _, well have to cancel it.A. be; will rain B. have; will rain C. be; rains3. Tom is strong and he _ to school every day.A. walked B. walks C. will walk D. has walked4. - What will you do if it _ tomorrow - Ill stay at home and watch the match on TV.A. rain B. rains C. will rain D. is raining5. Every year many foreigners _ to China to learn Chinese.A. have come B. comes C. came D. come6. - I wont go to bed until the TV play _ over. - Youd better not do that.A. is B. was C. will D. will be7. A large number of students in this school _ from the country. They work very hard.A. come B. comes C. came D. coming8. - I wonder if I _ tomorrow. - Dont worry. If it_, well stay at home.A. rains, rains B. will rain, rains C. rains, will rain9. - When will you come to see me, Dad -I will go to see you when you _ then 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 9 页 - - - - - - - - - - training course.A. finished B. finish C. are finishing D. will finish10. - What do you do- Im an engineer. I _ in a company in Wuhan. I like my job very much.A. work B. had worked C. will work D. worked11. - How much _ the shoes - Five dollars _ enough.A. is; is B. are; is C. are; are D. is; are12. Ill do it better if the teacher _ me another chance.A. give B. gives C. gave D. will give13. In the coming summer holidays, my family _ going to take a one-week trip to Qingdao.A. is B. are C. was D. were14. The children will climb the hill if it _ tomorrow.A. wont rain B. didnt rain C. doesnt rain D. isnt raining15. - When to the hospital - When he _ there. Ill call you.A. he goes; goes B. will he go; will go C. he go; will he go D. will he go; goes16. The teacher told us that light _ much faster than sound.A. traveled B. will travel C. travels D. is travelingl7. It_ twelve hours to go to Guangzhou by train.A. is taking B. are going to take C. takes D. has taken18. Ill come to see you as soon as I _ back.A. will be B. am being C. was D. am19. Jean wants to go to China but she _ money.A. didnt have B. doesnt have no C. had no D. has no一般过去时练习一、写出下列动词（常考单词）的过去式isam_ fly_ plant_ are _ drink_play_ go_ make _ does_ dance_worry_ ask _ taste_ eat_ draw_put _ throw_ kick_ pass_ do _二、用 be 动词的适当形式填空。1. I _ an English teacher now.2. She _ happy yesterday.3. They _ glad to see each other last month.4. Helen and Nancy _ good friends.5. The little dog _ two years old this year.6. Look, there _ lots of grapes here.7. There _ a sign on the chair on Monday.8. Today _ the second of June. Yesterday _ the first of June. It _ Children s Day. All the students _ very excited.二、句型转换。There was a car in front of the house just now.否定句： _精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 9 页 - - - - - - - - - - 一般疑问句： _ 肯定回答： _否定回答： _2 They played football in the playground.否定句： _一般疑问句： _ 肯定回答： _否定回答： _三、用所给动词的适当形式填空。1. I _ (watch) a cartoon on Saturday.2. Her father _ (read) a newspaper last night.3. We _ to zoo yesterday, we _ (go) to the park. 4. _ you _ (visit) your relatives last Spring Festival5. _ he _ (fly) a kite on Sunday Yes, he _.6. Gao Shan _ (pull) up carrots last National Day holiday.7. I _ (sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother _.8. “What _ she _ (find) in the garden last morning ”“She _ (find) a beautiful butterfly. ”9. It _ (be) Bens birthday last Friday 10. 10. We all _ (have) a good time last night.11. He _ (jump) high on last Sports Day. 12. She likes _ newspapers, but she _ a book yesterday. (read)13. He _ football now, but they _ basketball just now. (play)14. Jims mother _ (plant) trees just now.15. “_ they _ (sweep) the floor on Sunday ”“No, they _. ”16. I _ (watch) a cartoon on Monday. 17. We _ (go) to school on Sunday.18. It _ (be) the 2nd of November yesterday. Mr White _ (go) to his office by car.20. Gao Shan _ (put) the book on his head a moment ago.21. Dont _ the house. Mum _ it yesterday. (clean)22. What _ you _ just now I _ some housework. (do)23. They _ (make) a kite a week ago.24. I want to _ apples. But my dad _ all of them last month. (pick)25. “_ he _ the flowers this morning ”“Yes, he _. (water)”26. She _ (be) a pretty girl. Look, she _ (do) Chinese dances.27. The students often _ (draw) some pictures in the art room.四、句型转换1. It was exciting.否定句：一般疑问句：肯、否定回答：2. All the students were very excited.精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 9 页 - - - - - - - - - - 否定句：一般疑问句：肯、否定回答：3. They were in his pocket.否定句：一般疑问句：肯、否定回答：五、对划线部分进行提问1. Su Hai took some photos at the Sports day.2. They sang some English songs yesterday afternoon.played football in the playground.练习：1. Never trouble me while I _ in my room.sleep sleeping 2. Hurry up! We are all waiting for you.I _ for an important phone call. Go without me.waiting waiting 3. Our country _ very fast.Yes, I hope she will be _.一、 has changed; better and better changed; better and betterchanging; stronger and stronger changed; more and more strong4. Its reported that there _ a new railway station in Taizhou this year.have going to have going to be5. Listen! Some of the girls _ about Harry Potter. Lets join them!talking talk 6. I am busy _ my homework.do 7. Its too hot. Would you mind my _ the window_. Do it as you like, please.A.to open; OK ; Certainly not; Of course ; Good idea8. We couldnt help _ after we heard the funny story.laugh laughed9. How about _A.to go out for a walk swimming in the riverthe sick children in the hospital having lunch in the reataurant10. Jenny is interested in _ in her free time.精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 8 页，共 9 页 - - - - - - - - - - A.listened to the radio magazinesTV tennis11. My mother is good at _ cakes.make 12. If you practice _ English whenever you can, you will soon speak well.speak speak13. I often spent much money _ books.buy buying buying14. Knives are used for _ things.cut cut 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 9 页，共 9 页 - - - - - - - - - -