英语语法练习重点及答案(共6页).doc

精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上Ex061. As a _ actor, he can perform, sing, dance and play several kinds of musical instruments.A) flexible B) versatile C) sophisticated D) productive 1 B）versatile意为“多才多艺的”，例如：He is a versatile athlete. 他是一位多才多艺的运动员。flexible意为“灵活的，可变通的”，例如：My holiday plans are very flexible我的假期计划很灵活sophisticated 常意为“复杂的，尖端的”，例如：Our country has the most sophisticated weapons我们国家有尖端的武器。productive意为“富饶的，多产的”，例如：The republicans sought by productive legislation to consolidate the Republic共和党人试图通过有建设性的法规来巩固共和国。2. As a defense against air-pollution damage, many plants and animals _ a substance to absorb harmful chemicals.A) relieve B) dismiss C) release D) discard 2 C）release意为“释放，排出”，相当于 set free，如：They didn't agree to release the accused他们不同意释放被告。 relieve意为“减轻，减缓”，常用于 relieve sbof sth结构中，如：Let me relieve you of your suitcase我来替你拿提箱。dismiss作“解雇，开除”讲，如：The servant was dismissed for being lazy and dishonest. 这仆人因懒惰和不诚实被解雇了。discard作“放弃，丢弃”讲，如：He is unwilling to discard his beliefs他不保意放弃自己的信仰。通过对四个词的比较，我们可以看出A），B）和D）均不合适，只有C）为正确答案。3. As a salesman, he works on a (an) _ basis, taking 10% of everything he sells. A) income B) commission C) salary D) pension 3 B）commission意为“佣金，回扣”，符合本题题意，如：He receives a commission of 10% on sales, as well as salary. 除了薪水外，他还按销售数量收取10的佣金。income意为“收入，所得”，如：My income for that year amounted to $1,000. 那年我的收入总共有1000美元。salary则作“（通常按月领取的）薪水，俸给”讲，如：I draw my salary the first day of each month. 我每月第一天领薪水。pension意为“养老金，抚恤金，退休金”，如： In these days of inflation people on pension find it difficult to live. 通货膨胀的时候，依靠养老金生活的人们生活得很艰难。4. As all of us know, color-blind people often find it difficult to _ between blue and green.A) separate B) distinguish C) compare D) contrast 4B）distinguish 意为“辨别，区别”，既可用于 distinguish one thing from another结构，也可以用于distinguish between two things结构，如：People who cannot distinguish between colors are said to be color-blind. 不能辨别颜色的人叫色盲。又如： The twins are so much alike that it is difficult to distinguish one from the other这对双胞胎长得很像，使人难以区别开。separate意为“使分离，分开，隔开”，通常与from连用，如：England is separated from France by the English Channel英吉利海峡将英国和法国分开了。compare意为“比较”，可用于“compare with”结构中，如：Nobody can compare with Shakespeare as a playwright of tragedies没有一个悲剧作家可以和莎士比亚相提并论。contrast意为“对比，对照”，如：His actions contrast sharply with his promises他的言行相去甚远。因此只有B）正确。5. As an excellent shooter, Peter practiced aiming at both _ targets and moving targets.A) stationary B) standing C) stable D) still 5A）尽管stationary与still都有“静止的”意思，但still在表示这个意义时常作表语，如： Keep still while I fasten your shoes. 我替你系鞋带的时候不要动。stationary则可以作定语，意思与下文moving相对，正符合题意，如：A stationary object is easiest to aim at. 静止的目标最容易瞄准。standing意为“立定的，站立的”，如：100-meter race is a race from a standing start. 百米赛跑是由站立位置起跑的竞赛。stable作“稳定的，可靠的”讲，如：Commodity prices are stable in our country我国物价稳定。6. As far as the rank of position is concerned, an associate professor is _ to a professor, though they are almost equally knowledgeable. A) attached B) subsidiary C) previous D) inferior 6 D）inferior意为“地位较低的；较差的”，该词有比较意义，后跟介词to引导出比较对象，例如： Your knowledge is inferior to his你的知识不如他。attach意为“连接；系；贴”，例如：She attached a chain to the dog's collar她把链条拴在狗的脖子上。be attached to作“贴到上，附属于”讲，例如：Was the label attached to your luggage？标验贴到你的行李上了吗？subsidiary意为“辅助的；附属的”，例如：The local government took further measures to speed up subsidiary production当地政府采取了一些进一步的措施来加速副业生产。Previous意为“先的；前的”，例如：Did you test it previous to buying it？你在买这个东西以前试过吗？7. As I was just getting familiar with this job, I had _ to ask my boss.A) many B) most C) much D) more 7C）have much to意为“有许多事情要”，如：I'm afraid I can't go to the cinema with you for I have much to do tonight. 我不能和你一块去看电影，因为今晚我有许多事要做。He always has much to say at the meeting. 在会上他总有许多话要说。many作名词时常表示“许多个，许多人”之意，如：He ate 5 oranges and said he could eat as many again他吃了五个橘子，并说还可以再吃那么多。Many were absent from the meeting yesterday昨天有许多人没开会。most是最高级，more是比效级，由于本句既没给出也未暗示出比较范围或比较对象，所以用在本句中皆不合适，因此A），B）和D）错误，而C）正确。8. As teachers we should concern ourselves with what is said, not what we think _.A) ought to be said B) must say C) have to be said D) need to say 8A）从句于结构我们可以看出，介词With后面接两个what引导的名词性从句。在前一个从句中，what作主语，is said作谓语；在后一个从句中，what也是主语，谓语也同样应用被动语态，其中的 we think 是插入语，对句子成分不造成影响，如：What interests us, we think, is what is done, not what is said. 我们认为使我们感兴趣的是做了什么，而不是说了什么。所以 A）是正确答案。C）虽也用了被动语态，但what作主语时，后面的谓语动词一般应用单数，B）和D）不是被动语态，故B），C）和D）不正确。9. As the _ of working too hard, the man became ill.A) end B) reason C) cause D) result 9 D）as a (the) result of是一个固定的介词短语，作“由于”解，如：As a result of this research work，a considerable number of data were collected. 通过这项研究工作，大量数据被搜集来了。其他选择项均不能与 as the of构成搭配。 10. As the plane was getting ready to take off, we all _ our seat belt. A) tied B) locked C) fastened D) closed 10. C）fasten意为“扎牢，系住”，表示使某物结合在一起，如：Have you fastened all the doors and windows？你把门窗都关好了吗？tie意为“绑”，是比较普通的用词，如：A robber tied his victim to the bed强盗把受害者绑在床上。lock意为“锁上”，如：Don't forget to lock the door when you leave. 你走时别忘了锁门。close意为“关闭，合上”，如：He closed the windows before leaving the room他关好窗子才离开房间。11. As your instructor advised, you ought to spend your time on something _ researching into.A) precious B) worth C) worthy D) valuable 11 B）worth意为“值得”，后面一般用动名词表示的主动形式表达被动含义，意为“值得做”，如：The book is worth reading这本书值得一读。worthy在表示“值得做某事”时，一般使用worthy of doing sth.或 worthy to be done，如：It is a thing worthy of seeing这件东西值得看一看。而precious（宝贵的）和valuable（有价值的）在词义和用法上均不符合题意。12. At a press conference after the award ceremony, the 18-year-old girl spoke in a barely _ voice.A) audible B) optional C) legible D) identical 12 A）audible意为“可听得见的”，如：The speaker was scarcely audible讲话人的声音小得几乎听不见。optional作“可选择的，随意的”讲，如； It's optional with you. 这事随你的便。legible为“字迹清楚的，易读的”，如：His handwriting is legible because of careful work. 由于书写认真，他的字迹清楚易读。identical意为“相同的，完全一样的”，如： Your coat is identical with mine. 你的大衣和我的一样。13. At first, the speaker was referring to the problem of pollution in the country, but halfway in her speech, she suddenly _ to another subject. A) committed B) switched C) favored D) transmitted 13 B）switch作不及物动词时，后面接介词to，表示“转到，转向”之意，如：He switched to a different topic他改变了谈话的话题。commit是及物动词，意为“犯，做”，如：Whoever commits a crime will be punished according to law不管是谁犯了罪，都要依法惩处favor用作及物动词，意为“赞成”，如：Modern practice in dentistry favors less use of anesthetics. 现代牙科学主张少用麻醉刑。transmit意为“传送，传递”，如：Parents transmit some of their characteristics to their children父母把一些特征遗传给子女。由此可见，B）是正确答案。14. At no time _ other countries.A) China will invade B) will invade China C) will China invade D) invade will China 14. C）表示否定意义的状语（包括短语和从句）位于句首时，主谓倒装，如：Under no circumstances can customers' money be refunded在任何情况下也不能向顾客退钱。又如：On no account are visitors allowed to feed the animals. 参观者一律不得给动物喂食。B）虽是倒装，但是全部谓语都提到了主语之前，违背规则。由此可见C）为正确答案。15. At the moment there are a lot more _ to be filled in the company. A) variations B) vacuums C) vacations D) vacancies 15 D）vacancy此处意为“空缺，空额”，如：We have only got vacancies for metal workers; all the other positions are filled. 本公司只缺金属工，其他工作都有人了。variation则是“变化”的意思，如：If you go to a number of different shops, you will often find great variations of price for the same article. 如果到不同的商店看看，你就会发现同种商品价格却大不一样。vacuum意为“真空，空白”，如：Her death left a vacuum in his life. 她的死给他的生命留下一片空白。vacation作“休假，假期”讲，如： He is on vacation now他正在度假。16. At the party we found that shy girl _ her mother all the time.A) depending on B) coinciding withC) adhering to D) clinging to 16. D）cling to意为“紧紧握着，坚持”，例如：The buy clung to his mother's skirt. 那个小男孩紧紧抓住妈妈的裙子。depend on意为“依靠，取决于”，例如：Victory depends on strength and courage. 胜利取决于力量和勇气。coincide with意为“一致，协调”，例如：These two lines coincide with each other. 这两条线彼此重合。adhere to意为“忠于，坚持”，例如: We adhere to the principle that everyone should be treated fairly我们坚持对大家一视同仁的原则。17. Be here on Friday _ the latest.A) at B) by C) for D) in 17 A）at the latest是固定搭配，意为“最晚，最迟”，如：You must be here by 8 o'clock at the latest. 最晚你必须在八点以前到达这里。其他各词均无此用法。18. Because Edgar was convinced of the accuracy of this fact, he _ his opinion.A) struck at B) strove for C) stuck to D) stood for 18 C）stick to意为“坚持，不放弃”，如: Tom stuck to his decision and quit his job. 汤姆坚持自己的决定，辞去了工作。strike at意为“攻击，企图伤害”，如：Each of the two theories seems to strike at the foundation of the other这两个理论似乎相互排斥。strive for意为“争取，力求”，如：We must strive for accuracy in everything. 我们事事都要力求精确。stand for意为“是的缩写；主张，支持”，如：China will always stand for what is right. 中国将永远维护正义。由此可见，C）最符合题意。19. Because he was _ of the new limit, he. was stopped and warned for speeding. A) ignorant B) accustomed C) reluctant D) pathetic 19A）ignorant意为“不知道的，无知的，愚昧的”，表示不知道时后面一般跟介词 of，如：He is ignorant of German他不懂德语。accustomed意为“习惯的，惯常的”，常跟介词to搭配，如；The boy was soon accustomed to hard work. 那男孩很快适应了艰苦的工作。reluctant作“不情愿的，勉强的”讲。如：I am reluctant to help him我不愿意帮助他。pathetic则意为“引起怜悯的，令人难过的”，如：He was stopped by the little dog's pathetic cries小狗令人怜悯的叫声让他止住了脚步。20. Because of bad weather the plane was _ for halt an hour.A) delayed B) postponed C) drawn out D) put off 20 A）postpone和 put off均有“推迟，延期”之意，两词可以换用，如： We had better put off (postpone) the discussion for a day or two我们最好把讨论推迟一两天。而delay意思是“耽搁，延误”，常指车、船、飞机等因某种客观原因而被耽搁，如： The ship was delayed for 3 hours. 轮船耽搁了三个小时。draw out意思是“火车驶离车站，（汽车等）开出”，如：The black sedan suddenly drew out into the traffic黑色轿车突然开动，驶进了车流。由此可见正确答案应为A）。21. Because of the great speed of light, we see a lamp light up almost at the exact moment _.A) we turn it on B) when we turn on it C) that we turn on it D) which we turn it on 21. A）turn on意为“开，旋开（电灯、自来水、无线电等）”，其中on是副词。“动词十副词”构成的动词短语后跟人称代词时，该人称代词必须放在动词和副词之间，如：He suffers a great deal from smoking, so he has made up his mind to give it up. 他深受吸烟之苦，因此决心戒烟。which作连接代词时，在其引导的名词性从句中充当某种成分。这样B），C）和D）均可排除。只有A）为正确答案。22. Because of the unexpected changes, they postponed _ us an answer.A) giving B) have givenC) to give D) to have given 22 A）postpone意为“延缓，耽搁”，后接动名词作宾语，如：The company postponed sending an answer to the request. 该公司没有及时答复这一请求。由此可见A）是正确答案。23. Because the whole country is in a financial dilemma, the government calls on us to _ economy.A) make B) practice C) carry D) develop 23B）“厉行节约”的固定表达方法为exercise (practice) economy。24. Before he started the work, I asked the builder to give me an _ of the cost of repairing the roof.A) assessment B) estimate C) announcementD) evaluation 24 B）estimate此处意为“出价，估价”，如：We got 2 or 3 estimates before having our room painted, and accepted the lowest. 我们粉刷房屋前，先找了两三家估价，最后雇了出价最低的。而assessment意为“估计，估价，评定”，如： What's your assessment of the work done? 你对已完成的工作怎样评价？announcement作“宣布，宣告”讲，如：An announcement has been made by the Government that our country has pulled through the most difficult period. 政府已宣布我们国家已度过最困难的时期。evaluation则意为“估价，评价”，如： The teacher gave me a negative evaluation老师给我以否定的评价。25. Before the students set off> they spent much time setting a limit _ the expenses of the trip.A) to B) about C) in D) for 25A）set a limit to是固定搭配，还为“对规定限度”，如：The organization committee set a limit to the number of each delegation. 组委会给每个代表团限定了人数。26. Being somewhat short-sighted, she had the habit of _ at people. A) glancing B) peering C) gazing D) scanning 26C）gaze意为“凝视，注视”，指由于感叹、好奇、感兴趣而长时间目不转睛地看，例如：Stand high, and you will gaze far. 站得高看得远。glance意为“看一眼，扫视”，指由于专心于某事而在匆忙中迅速地看一眼，例如：The headmaster glanced at the newspaper headlines校长浏览一下报纸的大标题。peer意为“仔细看，凝视”，强调透过某物或从某物后面看，暗含好奇和看不清楚的意味，例如：She peered through the mist, trying to find the right path home她透过薄雾，想找到回家的那条路。scan意为“浏览，审视”，例如：I scanned the computer screen and wrote down the figures我浏览了计算机屏幕，并记下了数据。27. Beryl hardly ever goes to _the cinema.A) neither the theatre or B) either the theatre nor C) neither the theatre nor D) the theatre or 27 D）hardly接近almost not, or常用于否定句中，表示“也不”，替代肯定句中的and, 如：He never smokes or drinks. 又如：His chief trouble was that he did not know any editors or writers.“neithernor”是固定搭配，连接两个结构相同的成分，意为“既不，也不”，但句中一般不再有其它否定词，如：He can speak neither French nor Japanese. 他既不会说法语，也不会说日语。所以 D）为正确答案。28. Besides being expensive, the food tastes _.A) badly B) too much bad C) too badly D) bad 28D）英语中某些动词，如seem，look，sound，taste，feel，smell等，是半系动词，一般要和形容词连用，用来描述句子主语的情况，而不是描述动词表现的动作。如：The problem appears impossible这个问题似乎无法解决。所以 A）和C）错误。 too much可以用来修饰不可数名词，意为 more than enough of，但不修饰形容词，如： I drank too much beer last nisht. 昨天晚上我啤酒喝得太多了。因此B）错误而D）正确。29. Bill always does _ he pleases, without regard to the feelings of others. A) however B) that C) whatever D) which 29C）根据句子结构，此处应选用一个关系代词来引导宾语从句，而且该关系代词还可在从句中作谓语动词pleases的宾语，在这里只有whatever能起到这种语法功能。30. Black hair is a sharp _ to white skin.A) contrast B) color C) comparison D) opposite 30. A）contrast to (with)是固定搭配，意为“（不同事物放在一起所出现的）明显的差别”，如：The white walls make a contrast to (with) the black carpet. 白墙和黑地毯对比鲜明。color作“颜色，色彩”讲，如：There isn't enough color in the picture. 这幅画中的色彩不够。comparison意为“比较”，如：It is often useful to make a comparison between two things. 经常比较两件事物是有用的。opposite作名词时，意为“相对的事物”，如：Black and white are opposites. 黑白相反。专心-专注-专业