2012新目标七年级上册语法总复习(共11页).doc

精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上语法复习专题一：名词一可数名词的复数变化规则及举例、读音1、一般在词尾加s.一般来说，s在元音或浊辅音后读z，在清辅音后面读成s，在t后与t在一起读成ts，在d后与d一起读成dz。cups   杯子                 days   日子 hands  手                      hats    帽子2、以s, sh, ch, x结尾的词在词尾加es，读izclasses 班级              buses  公共汽车 boxes   盒子                 watches  手表3、以“元音字母y”结尾的词，加s，读作z；以辅音字母y结尾的词，变y为i，再加es，读iz。boy-boys  男孩                  army-armies   军队 story-stories  故事              factory-factories  工厂         baby-babies   宝贝4、以o结尾的词，多数加s，读z。kilo-kilos  公里           photo-photos  照片tobacco-tobaccos  烟草     piano-pianos   钢琴以元音字母o结尾的词一律加s，读z。zoo-zoos  动物园             radio-radios  收音机少数以o结尾的词，在词尾加-es，读z。Negro- Negroes黑人 hero-heroes  英雄 potato-potatoes  土豆 tomato-tomatoes  西红柿5、以f或fe结尾的词，多数把f,fe变为v，再加es，读vz。leaf-leaves  树叶              thief-thieves  小偷        wife-wives  妻子              knife-knives  小刀          shelf-shelves  架子6、不规则名词的复数形式。(1)通过变化单词内部元音字母，构成复杂形式。man-men  男子      woman-women  女人   foot-feet  脚 goose-geese  鹅               tooth-teeth   牙齿    mouse-mice  老鼠 child-children  小孩    (2)单数形式与复数形式相同  sheep-sheep  绵羊            deer-deer  鹿Chinese-Chinese  中国人       Japanese-Japanese  日本人Means方式, works著作, yuan元, jin斤, 7、只有复数形式ashes, trousers, clothes, thanks, goods, glasses, compasses, contents8、一些集体名词总是用作复数people, police, cattle, staff9、部分集体名词既可以作单数（整体）也可以作复数（成员）audience, class, family, crowd, couple, group, committee, government, population, crew, team, public, enemy, party10、 复数形式表示特别含义customs(海关), forces(军队), times(时代), spirits(情绪), drinks(饮料), sands(沙滩), papers(文件报纸), manners(礼貌), looks(外表), brains(头脑智力), greens(青菜), ruins(废墟)11、表示“某国人”加-sAmericans, Australians, Germans, Greeks, Swedes, Europeans单复数同形Swiss, Portuguese, Chinese, Japanese以-man或-woman结尾的改为-men,-women Englishmen, Frenchwomen12、合成名词将主体名词变为复数sons-in-law, lookers-on, passers-by, story-tellers, boy friends无主体名词时将最后一部分变为复数grown-ups, housewives, stopwatches将两部分变为复数women singers, men servants二、列出本学期常见的不可数名词：语法复习专题二：名词所有格英语名词所有格用法口诀英语名词所有格，表示物品所有权。名词后加 s，这种情况最常见。两者共有添最后，各有各添记心间。复数名词有s, 后面只把 来添。名词若为无生命，我们常把of用。A of B是B的A，体现英汉序不同。常见的名词所有格的构成有哪些呢？请看： 分类规 则例 词s所有格单数名词在末尾加'sthe girl's mother 那个女孩的妈妈Want Mei's ruler王梅的尺子以s结尾的可数名词复数，在末尾加'sTeachers' Day 教师节the students'books学生们的书以s结尾的人名，在末尾加's或是Dickens's / Dickens' novels狄更斯的小说表示各自的所有关系，各名词末尾均须加'sLucy's and Lily's bikes露西和莉莉的自行车表示共同所有关系时，最后一词末尾加'sLucy and Lily's bedroom露西和莉莉的卧室表示“某人家”、“某店铺”，所有格后的名词省略my uncle's我叔叔家the butcher's 肉店of所有格“名词+of+名词”构成of所有格the window of the room这个房间的窗户the life of the rich 有钱人的生活双重所有格在同一名词词组中同时具备's以及of两种所有格a friend of my father's我爸爸的一个朋友 附加几点：1. 在复合名词或短语中，s 加在最后一个词的词尾。例 a month or twos absence2 作为一个整体的词组，一般在最后一个词的词尾加s。例 an hour and a halfs walk （步行一个半小时的路程）Carol and Charles boat （卡咯和查尔斯两人共有的船）3. 不定代词后接 else , 所有格放在 else 上。例 somebody elses bag（ ）1. Can you imagine what life will be like in _ time?（2008 河北省） A. 20 years B. 20 years C. 20-years D. 20-years（ ）2. This is a _ bike. _ is over there.（2008 青海省） A. visitors; My B. visitors; Mine C. visitor; My（ ）3. Wang Tao is ill, so he has to go to the _ . A. doctor B. doctors C. doctors D. doctor（ ）4. This is _ , and I borrowed it two days ago. A. a picture of Mr. Cox B. a picture of Mr. Coxs C. a Mr. Cox picture D. Mr. Coxs pictures（ ）5. These are _ books. Li Ming bought some at this bookstore and Brain bought some at that bookstore. A. Li Mings and Brain B. Li Ming and Brains C. Li Mings and Brain D. Li Mings and Brains（ ）6. He is _ . A. one student of my mother B. one of my mothers student C. my mothers students D. one student of my mothers（ ）7. Its about _ from my home to our school. A. thirty minutes walk B. walk of thirty minutes C. walk of thirty minutes D. thirty minutes walk（ ）8. This year, the most popular _ hat is that kind. A. womans B. womens C. womens D. womans语法复习专题三：人称代词一、人称代词的主格和宾格人称单数复数主格宾格主格宾格第一人称Imeweus第二人称youyouyouyou第三人称hehimtheythemsheheritit人称代词主格：作主语，表示谁怎么样了、干什么了。I am a teacher. You are student.He is a student, too. We/You/They are students.人称代词宾格作宾语，表示动作行为的对象。Give it to me. Lets go (lets =let us)人称代词主格：作主语，表示谁怎么样了、干什么了。I am a teacher. You are student.He is a student, too. We/You/They are students.人称代词宾格作宾语，表示动作行为的对象。Give it to me. Lets go (lets =let us)主人邀请宾客，主格就像主人，宾格就像宾客。主格在动词前面，宾格在动词或介词后面。1 (他) often help (我们) with our study2 What kind person is (她)？3 Shall (我们)go and join (她们)？4 What makes (他)think so？5 When and where will (他们) meet tomorrow？ 6. (我) want to go with (他们)7 Let (我) help (你们)8 Does (他) like playing football？9 Nothing is difficult for (我) because (我) put my heart into it10 Is (她)older than (你)？11 It's time for (她) to go home12 It's very nice of (你)13 Could (你) tell (我) how to get to school？语法复习专题四：物主代词表示所有关系的代词叫做物主代词，也可叫做代词。物主代词分和二种，其人称和数的变化见下表。数人称类别单数复数第一人称第二人称第三人称第一人称第二人称第三人称形容词性物主代词myyourhisheritsouryourtheir名词性物主代词mineyourshishersitsoursyourstheirs汉语我的你的他的她的它的我们的你们的他（她、它）们的形容词性物主代词(my/your/his/her/its/our/their)+名词而名词性物主代词则相单于形容词性物主代词+名词,故其后不必加名词。形容词性物主代词变名词性物主代词口诀：一变、二同、四加S:一变  my-mine;二同  his-his  its-its四加S  your-yours  her-hers  our-ours  their-theirs 用法口诀: 物主代词表所属、分类一共有两种。形物代和名物代、形物代后加名词。避免重复名物代。（ ）1. She is a student, _ name is Julia.A. its B. her C. hers D. his（ ）2. Could you help _ with _ English, please.A. I, my B. me, me C. me, my D. my, I（ ）3. A friend of _ came here yesterday.A. my B. his C. him D. himself（ ）4. _ pencil-box is beautiful. But _ is more beautiful than _.A. Toms, my, he B. Tom's, mine, his C. Tom's, mine, him D. Tom's, my, his（ ）5. Most of _like Chinese food.A. they B. Their C. Them D. theirs（ ）6. Don't you let _ help you ?A. I and my friend B. my friend and IC. my friend and me D. my friend and I to（ ）7. How hard_ works!A. we B. him C. he D. his（ ）8. _ have been chosen.A. I, you and he B. He, you and I C. You, he and I D. You, and me（ ）9. She gave the erasers to Lucy and _ .A. I B. me C. my D. mine（ ）10. That's not _, it is_. I made it _ .A. ours, mine, myself B. your, mine, myself C. yours, her, myself D. yours, my, myself（ ）11. We bought _ English-Chinese dictionaries.A. us B. ours C. ourselves D. to us1. This is not _ desk. My desk is over there.2. Can you spell _ name, Harry? Sorry.3. Tom and Jack are brothers. The room is _.4. We are in the same class. _ classroom is very nice.5. Mrs Green is my teacher. Im a student of _.6. Thats a cat. _ name is Mimi.7. Tom is in the room. This pencil-box is _.8. Sam and Peter, look at _ hands. They are so dirty.9. Mike, is this picture _? Yes, it is.10. Can we put _ coats here? Yes, you can.11. Mum, they are _ classmates Rose and _brotherDavid.语法复习专题五：一般现在时态1.   用法 表示现在的特征或状态 例：He is 12 years old. 他现在12岁。 经常或习惯性的动作 例：He sweeps the floor every day. 他每天打扫地板。 描述自然现象或客观真理例：The earth goes round the sun. 地球绕太阳转。2.       与一般现在时连用的时间状语常见的有：usually /often /always /every day /now /sometimes /on Sundays /once a week /3.       一般现在时的四个基本句型 谓语动词是be谓语动词是do  主语是：第三人称单数主语是：非第三人称单数特别词am/ is/ aredoesdo肯定句He is a teacher.He goes to school every day.They go to school every day.否定句He is not a teacher.He doesnt go to school every day.They dont go to school every day.一般疑问句Is he a teacher?Does he go to school every day?Do they go to school every day? Yes, he is.No, he isnt.Yes, he does.No, he doesnt.Yes, they do.No, they dont.特殊疑问句What is he?What does he do every day?What do they do every day?4.       动词第三人称单数构成规则 一般在动词尾加s 例： play plays 以s. x. ch. sh结尾的动词在词尾加es 例： watch watches 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，先改y为i, 再加es 例 study studies 特殊的有 be is have has go goes巩固练习：用所给动词的适当形式填空1.  - _(be) Tom and I in the same class? -Yes , you _.(be)2. Three years_(be)a long time.3. Your new book_(be)over there.4. Here_(be)a flower for you.5. There is a book on it, but there_(be)a ball and two cats under it.6. This pair of trousers_(be)short.7. There_(be)much milk in this glass.8. The woman_(look)like our teacher.9.  Jims sister_(do)her homework every day.10.   _he_(go)to bed at 7 every night?11.   I_(not know)his name.12.   Jim, why_(be)you late for school?13.  _your mother always_ (do) her housework?14.   She usually_(have)breakfast at 7 in the morning.15.   _she_(has)any color pencils?16.   _ Lucy and Lily _ (like) China?17.   Li Lei _ (not like) to drink orange.18.   The girl _ (go) home at 4:30 in the afternoon.19.   _ Kate _ (speak) French? -Yes, she does.20.   Jim _ (not ride) his bike often.21.   _ Li Mings father _ (have) his lunch at home?22.   Tom _ (not do) the morning exercises often.按要求句型转换1.Kate is at school today. 2.Kates sister watches TV every day.否定句：一般疑问句：两回答：特殊疑问句：3.The boys play games every day.否定句：_一般疑问句：_两回答：_特殊疑问句：_ 用do. does填空。1. _ you ride a bike after school? Yes, I _. 2. _ your sister like PE? No, she _ not. 3. What_ the students have? They have some pens. 4. How_ Linda go to school? She goes to school on foot. 5. He _ not speak English. He speaks Chinese. 6. _ they watch TV on Sundays? Yes, they _.7. My father and mother _ not read newspapers on Saturday.8. _ you know that girl? Yes, she is my sister.9. _ your father have CDs? No, he _.10. Why _ you _ your homework? We don't like it.用一般现在时填空。（5分）1. My mother_ not_(like) English. She_(like) Chinese.2. _you_(go) to school by bus? No, I_(go) to school by car.3. Miss Wang _ (swim) every day.4. I _(like) English. Tom _ _ _(not like) English.5. When_ you _ (go) to school? I _ (go) to school at five every day.    专心-专注-专业