高中英语主语从句专题复习(共6页).doc

精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上高中英语语法专题复习主 语 从 句【练习感知】根据句子的意思，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选择最佳答案。1. Everyone in the village is very friendly. It doesnt matter _you have lived there for a short or a long time. (2012湖南卷)A. why B. howC. whether D. when2. It is by no means clear the president can do to end the strike. （2012全国新课标卷）A. how B. which C that D. what3.It suddenly occurred to him_ he had left his keys in the office. (2012江西卷)A. whether B. whereC. which D. that4. The limits of a persons intelligence, generally speaking, are fixed at birth, but he reaches these limits will depend on his environment. (2012安徽卷)A. where B. whether C. that D. why5. _ Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness. （2011北京卷）A. Which B. What C. ThatD. Whom6. It was never clear _ the man hadnt reported the accident sooner. （2011江苏卷）A. that B. how C. when D. why7. It is still under discussion _the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not.（2011重庆卷）A. whether B. when C. which D. where8. It is uncertain_ side effect the medicine will bring about, although about two thousand patients have taken it. （2010浙江卷）A. that B. what C. how D. whether9._some people regard as a drawback is seen as a plus by many others. （2010北京卷）A. Whether B. What C. That D. How【疑难讨论】-【要点归纳】一、主语从句的概念作句子主语的从句叫主语从句。主语从句通常由从属连词that, whether和连接代词what, who, which, whose, whichever, whatever, whomever, whoever以及连接副词how, when, where, why等词引导。that在句中无词义，只起连接作用；连接代词和连接副词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义、又起连接作用，在从句中充当从句的成分。例如：1. That light travels in straight lines is known to us all.2. Whether we will go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.3. Whoever doesnt reach the Great Wall is not a true man.4. Who will give us a lecture on how to learn makes no difference.5. What is known to us all is that the 2008 Olympic Games took place in Beijing. 6. Where the celebration will be held has not been announced.7. Why he was late for school this morning is not clear.8. Whichever of the customers comes in the shop everyday will receive a prize.二、主语从句的分类（一）由连接词（that, whether）引导的主语从句。1. That he finished writing the composition in such a short time surprised us all. 2. Whether we will go for an outing tomorrow remains unknown. （二）由连接代词（what, who, which, whose, whichever, whatever, whoever）引导的主语从句。1. Who will be our monitor hasn't been decided yet. 2. Whom we must study for is a question of great importance. 3. What caused the accident remained unknown. 4. Whatever you did is right. 5. Who the watch belongs to was lost is unknown. （三）由连接副词（how, when, where, why, wherever, whenever, however）引导的主语从句。1. When they will start is not known yet.2. How this happened is not clear to anyone. 3. Wherever you are is my home. 4. However good you are is nonsense. 5. Wherever he once lived is well preserved. 三、主语从句的注意事项（一）形式主语的句型为了使句子保持前后平衡，常把主语从句移至句子后部，而用it 作形式主语，但what，whatever， whoever引导的主语从句除外。常见的使用it作形式主语的句型有：1. It + be + 形容词+ 从句能用于这种句型中的常见形容词有：strange, natural, obvious, true, possible, clear, likely, impossible, surprising，amazing, uncertain, necessary等。(1) It is not clear if the people will risk being attacked by sharks.(2) It is necessary that each of us should do our best to protect the environment.(3) It is strange that the man should have stuck to his silly ideas.2. It + be +名词词组+从句常用于这种句型的名词词组有：a pity, a shame, a fact, an honor, good news等。(1) It is a pity that you cant stay here longer.(2) It is a great honor that I have been invited here today.(3) It is really good news that you have achieved the full scholarship of your school.(4) It is a law in science that energy cannot be created or destroyed.3. It + be + 过去分词+从句常用于这种句型的过去分词有：said, reported, hoped, believed, expected, decided, thought, known, well-known, announced等。(1) It isnt decided whether we will go shopping next Sunday.(2) It is required in the regulations that you should not tell other people the password of your email account.(3) It is known to all that the gun powder was first invented by the Chinese. 4. It+ +不及物动词+从句常用于这种句型的过去分词有：seems, happens, turns out, occurs, remains to be seen, doesnt matter(1) It seems that they know what they are doing.(2) It remains to be seen whether they can make great progress in this project.(3) It happened that she was out when we called.(4) It didnt occur to him that he could get the first prize in the English speech contest.(5) It makes no difference where we shall have the meeting.(6) It doesnt matter whether she will come or not. 5. It+ +及物动词+宾语+从句 (1) It deeply shocked me what he said is not the way he did it. (2) It doesnt interest me whether you succeed or not.(二) 主语从句中中的虚拟语气1. 在“It is important (essential, strange, natural, necessary, appropriate, surprising, unfortunate, regrettable, shocking等 ) that”这类句型中，that所引导的主语从句中的谓语动词常用 (should)+动词原形结构， 表示某事“重要”，“奇怪”，“喜悦”，“必要”“遗憾”等意义。例如： (1) It is important that we all should attend the meeting. (2) It is necessary that he (should) be sent to hospital at once. (3) It is necessary that we should clean the room every day.2. It was a pity ( a shame，no wonder) 表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应，竟然如此等,例如：(1) It was a pity (a shame, no wonder, etc.) that you should be so careless. (2) It was a pity that you should be so careless注意：这种从句表示的是事实如果说话人对这种事实表现出惊奇的情感，就可用虚拟语气。反之，如果不表示惊奇等情感that从句也可用陈述语气，例如： (1) It is true that he has made a very important discovery in chemistry.(2) It is a pity that we won't be able to go to the south to spend our summer vacation. (3) It is strange that he did not come yesterday. (4) It is a pity that you cant swim3. 在It + be+ suggested /advised/ordered/requested/ insisted/required 中, that从句的谓语也应该用“should + 动词原形”的形式, should有时可以省略。例如：(1) It was suggested that we (should) take some effective measures to promote the sales.(2) It will be desired (suggested, decided, ordered, requested, proposed) that she should finish her homework this afternoon.(3) It is suggested that the work should be done with great care.(四) 主语从句作主语的单复数问题1. 主语从句一般看作第三人称单数。例如：(1) That he finished writing the composition in such a short time is a big surprise to us all. (2) Whether we will go for an outing tomorrow remains unknown. (3) Who will be our monitor hasnt been decided yet. (4) When and where we will hold the meeting has not been decided yet. 2. what引导的主语从句做主语(1) 通常情况下，由what引导的主语从句放在句首时，其后的谓语动词一般用单数。例如：What caused the accident is not clear. What was once regarded as impossible has now become a reality.(2) 当主句中的表语是复数形式，或what从句的谓语动词及其补足语均为复数形式时，主句的谓语动词应用复数。例如：What he gave me are five English books. What are used as chief building materials today are steels and concrete. (3) 当what引导的主语从句是一个由and连接的并列结构时，应根据句意确定其表达的单复数意义，然后决定主句谓语动词的单复数形式。What he says and acts does not concern me. What he says and acts do not agree.What I say and what I think is no business of yours.What you eat and how much you exercise are important factors in a weight loss program.What caused the accident and who was responsible for it remain unknown to us. (五) what与that 在引导主语从句时的区别what 引导主语从句时在句时在从句中充当句子成分，如主语宾语表语，而that 则不然，that 只起连接作用,不做成分。例如：(1) What (The words that) he said at the meeting excited everybody present. (2) That she is still alive is a consolation. 【基础训练】根据句子的意思，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选择最佳答案。1. _ makes this shop different is that it offers more personal services. A. What B. Who C. Whatever D. Whoever2. _fashion differs from country to country may reflect the cultural differences from one aspect. A.What B. That C. This D. Which 3. It is none of year business _ other people think about you. Believe yourself. A. how B. what C. which D. when4. It worried her a bit _her hair was turning grey. A. while B. that C. if D. for5. It is pretty well understood _ controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out the atmosphere today. A. that B. when C. what D. how6. _ made the school proud was_ more than 90 of the students had been admitted to key universities. A. What; because B. What; that C. That; what D. That; because7. It is necessary that a college student _ at least a foreign language. A. masters B. should master C. mastered D. will master8. I have always been honest and straightforward, and it doesnt matter _that Im talking to.A. who is it B. who it is C. it is who D. it is whom9. _ in the newspaper that the price of food will go up. A. It says B. It is said C. It has said D. He is said 10. _ leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights. A. Anyone B. The person C. Whoever D. Who 11. _ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language. A. There B. This C. That D. It12. I read about it in some book or other, does it matter _ it was? A. where B. what C. how D. which13. After Yang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth, _our astronauts desire to do is walk in space. A. where B. what C. that D. how 【能力提升】一、模仿造句。1. What impressed me most is that he showed great courage in the face of danger.2. It makes no difference where we shall have the meeting.3. What I want to point out is that every coin has two sides.4. What I want to emphasize is that our teachers are very good.5. What impressed me most is that he is always wearing a brilliant smile whenever we ask him for help.二、英语作文最近，你看到某英文报纸正在征集主题为“如何才能受人欢迎”的短文，对此你很兴趣。请你谈谈自己的想法，给该报社投稿。（要求用至少三个不同形式的主语从句）专心-专注-专业