新概念第二册.docx

精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上Lesson 40 Food and talk【New words and expressions】(6) hostess n. 女主人host n. 男主人；v. 作为主人, 主办actor n. 男演员； actress n. 女演员unsmiling adj. 不笑的(un+smiling, 但并不一定表示“严肃”)serious adj.严肃的, 认真的, 严重的 tight adj. 紧身的tight jeans 紧身牛仔裤The shoes are small/tight. (夹脚, 很紧)tights n. 贴身衬衣, 紧身衣, 女用连裤袜fix v. 使固定、安装She fixed a handle on the door.fix on 使(目光、注意力等)集中于，盯着fix one's eyes on sth./one's eyes be fixed on sth. 盯着目不转睛(习惯用被动) v. 修理 globe n. 地球，球状物, 如地球仪；adj. 全球的global problem 全球性的问题 earth n. 地球global “阁楼宝”，一种灭蟑螂的药名despair n. 绝望, 失望, 令人失望的人(事物)；vi.绝望 in despair 绝望的sb./sth. is the despair of 让感到绝望The boy is the despair of his parents. 那男孩的父母对他感到绝望了。This boy is his mother's despair. 这个男孩使他妈绝望了。The examination was the despair of me. = The examination was my despair.我对考试已经绝望了。disappoint vt. 使失望【课文讲解】1、Last week at a dinner party, the hostess asked me to sit next to Mrs. Rumbold.dinner为不可数名词，“at a dinner party”中的“a”并不修饰“dinner”而是 “party”,have dinner不加“a”ask sb. to do sth. 叫某人做某事next to 与相邻，挨着(既可表示座位挨着也可以表示地理位置上挨着) 2、Mrs. Rumbold was a large, unsmiling lady in a tight black dress.unsmiling表示bad mix，很难与人融合。unsmiling的反义词为smiling(微笑的，喜气洋洋的)。有些形容词前面可以加上前缀un-来表示相反的意义：comfortable(舒服的)/ uncomfortable(不舒服的)，true(真实的)/untrue(不真实的)，interesting(有趣的)/ uninteresting(无趣味的，乏味的)。in在这里表示“穿着、戴着”： A young man in a blue dress is inquiring for you.(inquiring for sb. 要找(某人)，求见某人)3、She did not even look up when I took my seat beside her. take a seat 坐下，比sit要正式 take ones seat 表示位置事先已安排好 4、'if you ate more and talked less, we would both enjoy our dinner!在并列句中，相同的句子成分(如主语、谓语、状语等)通常由同一词性的单词/词组表示，并且它们的长度也差不多，以保持句子的平衡性。 You can either go out or stay here.【Composition】1  She refused to answer any questions. She did not ask any questions. (not onlybuteither)2  She was not interested in the theatre. She was not interested in travel. (neithernor) 1 She not only refused to answer question but she did not ask any question either. =She not only refused to answer question but ask no question either.butas well 可以加肯定也可以加否定 ； buteither只能加否定as well, either 在此句中可省略2 She was interested in neither the theatre nor travel.=She was interested neither in the theatre nor in travel.(更好, 介词短语的并列)【Key structures】第2类条件句(虚拟条件句)第1类条件句，谈论将有可能发生的事情，并且考虑其将来的真实结果。主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时或其他形式的现在时。If you help me,I will be gratefull. 如果你帮我, 我会感激你 (正常语气)If it rains, I will not go. 正常语气(不一定会去)第2类条件句，if从句谈论想象的情况(假设与现在事实相反)，主句则推测想象的结果。 从句使用一般过去时, 主句使用would+动词原形。尽管第2类条件句使用过去时，却并非指过去的时间，所以，if之后的过去时用法常被称为“非真实的过去”，整个条件句也被称作非真实条件句。If you helped me,I would be grateful.假如你能使他改变主意, 你会使他免了许多麻烦. 如果if从句中的动词是be, 那么应该在第一和第三人称单数名词之后用were。If I were you这种说法常用于提出建议。If I were you, Id accept their offer.第2类条件句有时也可代替第1类条件句来描述颇有可能发生的事情，但比第1类条件句较为“无把握”。第2类条件句经常用来描写完全不可能的事情。 If I had longer legs, Id be able to run faster.【Special Difficulties】 Make的用法及物动词make的原义为“制造”，但它经常用于一些固定的结构，最常见的为make+(冠词)+名词形式：make progress(取得进步)；make the bed(铺床)；make conversation(找话题)；make a noise(吵闹)；make a promise(保证)；make trouble(捣蛋，制造麻烦)； make money(挣钱)； make a speech(演讲)；make a mistake(犯错误)；make up one's mind(下定决心，拿定主意)Do的用法完全动词do也有一些固定短语：do one's best(尽最大努力)；do one's homework(做作业)；do sb. a favour(帮忙)；do a job(干家务)；do work(做家务)；do exercise(做练习)；do business(做生意) do还可以与动名词连用：do some shopping(买东西，购物)；do swimming(游泳)；do some reading (读书)【Multiple choice questions】5  I took my seat beside her. I_a_ beside her.a. sat b. seated c. was sitted d. was seatingseat一定要加宾语, 如果后面没宾语, 就用seat的被动语态(及物动词) : seat yourself / be seated是及物动词，sit是不及物动词, 没有被动语态, 后面不能加宾语，坐下：sit down9  Her eyes were fixed on the plate. She _b_it.a. was glancing at b. was staring at c. was thinking about d. was stuck tostuck to 粘在上面glance at 扫了一眼stare at = fix one's eyes on 盯着看look at 从头来看see 看见watch vt. 观看(看活动的) watch TV / watch sb. Doing notice 强调的是眼睛的注意, 看一些别人不太注意的事情glimpse of / have a glimpse of 瞥了一眼catch sight of= see 看见 be in sight 看见read v. 阅读(看与文字有关的东西)read loudly, read aloud 大声朗读, 汉语中的读go through 浏览12  Are you enjoying your dinner? Is it _d_?a. enjoying you b. amusing you c. entertaining you d. giving you pleasureenjoy sth. 表示在后者当中得到了一种享受enjoy 主语是人 enjoy oneself sth. amuse 好笑 entertain sb. 娱乐 amuse,entertain后面会加人entertainment n. 款待, 娱乐, 娱乐表演专心-专注-专业