初中英语语法一般过去时现在完成时讲解与练习专题经典练习(共7页).doc

精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上7a U7一般过去时时间标志，翻译成英文：昨天- 前天- 上星期- 上个月- 刚刚- 三天前- 在三岁时-注：1. 由yesterday构成2. 由 last 构成3. 由 时间段+ago构成1.动词原形变动词过去式：is,am- stop- say- are- try- take- has/have- play- make-do/does- stay- listen-see- fix- watch-go- mend- open- 总结：一般情况下在动词原形后直接加_. 如: watch_. 以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，_.如hope_, live_. 重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母，即“辅元辅” （w和y除外），_. 如stop_, drag_, drop_, plan_chat_, kid_, beg_, control_, admit_, prefer_, refer_, permit_, equip_等. 以“辅音字母y”结尾的动词变y为i, 再加ed.如study_, worry_“直、去、双、改” 2.be(was were)动词的适当形式填空1. I _ an English teacher now.2. She _ happy yesterday.3. They _ glad to see each other last month.4. Helen and Nancy _ good friends.5. The little dog _ two years old this year.6. Look, there _ lots of grapes here.7. There _ a sign on the chair on Monday.8. Today _ the second of June. Yesterday _ the first of June. 3、用所给动词的适当形式填空1. I _ (watch) a cartoon on Saturday.2. Her father _ (read) a newspaper last night.3. We _ to zoo yesterday, we _ to the park. (go)4. _ you _ (visit) your relatives last Spring Festival?5. _ he _ (fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes, he _.6. Gao Shan _ (pull) up carrots last National Day holiday.7. I _ (sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother _.8. What _ she _ (find) in the garden last morning?She _ (find) a beautiful butterfly.9. It _ (be) Ben's birthday last Friday 10. 10. We all _ (have) a good time last night.4. 句型转换。 1.  John went into the classroom just now.(改为否定句)John _ _ into the classroom just now. 2.  Lucy washed her clothes yesterday.(改为一般疑问句) _ Lucy _her clothes yesterday? 3.  The children went back home after spending a few hours at camps.(就划线部分提问) _ _ the children go back? 4. He found some meat in the fridge（冰箱）.（变一般疑问句)   _ he _ _ meat in the fridge? 5. There was some orange in the cup.（变一般疑问句)_ there _ orange in the cup? 6. Frank read an interesting book about history. （一般疑问句）    _ Frank _ an interesting book about history?   7. My family went to the beach last week. （划线提问）    _ _ _ family _ last week?  8.  I think she is Lilys sister. （否定句。注意否定转移）_ 10. He is a tall, thin boy. （划线提问） _ _ he _ _?8a5 8a6现在完成时（have/has done ）1. 用法（1）现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果I have spent all of my money (so far).(含义是:现在我没有钱花了.) Guo zijun has (just/already) come. (含义：郭子君现在在这儿) My father has gone to work.(含义是:我爸爸现在不在这儿)（2） 现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的,持续到现在的动作（用行为动词表示）或状态（be动词表示）常与for（+时间段）,since（+时间点或过去时的句子）连用.Mary has been ill for three days.I have lived here since 1998.2. 标志词： * 以already, just和yet为标He hasn't come back yet.他还没有回来。* 以ever和never为标志He has never been to Beijing.他从没有到过北京。* 以动作发生的次数为标志He says he has been to the USA three times. 他说他已经去过美国三次了。* 以so far（到目前为止）为标+beforeShe has passed the exam so far.到目前为止她已经通过了考试* for+时段 since+过去一个时间点（过去 从句）为标志练习：for+时段since+过去一个时间点（译为：自从以来）since+时段+agosince+从句（过去时）1. 用since和for填空 1._two years 2._two years ago 3._last month 4._ 1999 5._yesterday 6._ 4 oclock 7 4 hours 8._an hour ago 9. _we were children 10._ lunch time 11._ she left here 12. He has lived in Nanjing _ the year before last. 13. Ive known him _ we were children. 14. Our teacher has studied Japanese _ three years. 15. She has been away from the city _ about ten years. 16. Its about ten years _ she left the city.写出下列单词的过去分词形式 work _ finish _ arrive_ change_ see_ have_ marry_ visit_ miss_ prefer_ do_ hear_ live_ clean_ study_ meet_ be _ climb_ plan_ take_ stop_ keep_ buy_ spend_ learn_ forget_ bring_ 2. 单项选择。( )1. We _ Xiao Li since she was a little girl . know . had known . have known . knew( )2. Harry Potter is a very nice film. I _ twice. will see . have seen . saw .see( )3. Zhou Lang _already _in this school for two years . was ; studying . will ; study . has ; studied . are; studying( )4. His father _ the Party since 1998 .joined . has joined . was in . has been in( )5. Do you know him well ? Sure .We _ friends since ten years ago . were . have been . have become . have made( )6. These farmers have been to the United States .Really? When _ there ?. will they go .did they go . do they go . have they gone ( )7. Hurry up! The play _ for ten minutes . has begun . had begun . has been on . began( )8. Miss Green isn't in the office. She_ to the library.has gone . went .will go . has been( )9. My parents _ Shandong for ten years. have been in . have been to. have gone to . have been( )10. _ you _ your homework yet ? Yes. I _ it a moment ago.Did; do; finished .Have; done; finished.Have; done; have finished . will; do; finish3. 用never, ever, already, yet, for, since填空1. I have _ seen him before, so I have no idea about him.2. Jack has _ finished his homework _ an hour ago.3. Mr. Wang has taught in this school _ ten years.4. “Have you _ seen the film?” “No, I have _ seen it.”5. “Has the bus left _?” “Yes, it has _ left.”5. have been to/ have gone to/ have been in 三种结构的区别 （1）have been to 去过某地(现已离开)，可以与ever, never, once, twice等连用。 （2）has gone to 去某地了，说话时某人已离开此地，在去某地的路上或已在某地，总之现在还未回来。此句型一般用于第三人称。 （3） have been in 表示已在某地呆了多久，若该地为小地方则用at。 翻译： 你以前去过北京吗？_ 吉姆已经去了伦敦。_ 格林一家在中国已经两年了。_ 单项选择 ( )1. I have _ Beijing three times. A. been to B. gone to C. been in D. been at ( )2.-Where is Mike? -He has _ London . A. been to B. gone to C. been in D. been at ( )3. Tony has never _ China. He looks forward to coming to China A. been to B. gone to C. been in D. been at ( )4.Lucy has _ China for 5 years. A. been to B. gone to C. been in D. been at ( )5.The teacher has _ the village to teach the poor students for 10 years. A. been to B. gone to C. been in D. been at 4、用have/has been to/in, have gone to及go的各种形式填空。1) Where is Jack? He _ his country. 2) David _ the park just now.3) John _ England since he came back. 4) How long _ have _ this village?5) The Smiths _ Beijing for years. 6) _ you ever _ America? - Yes, I _ there many times.7) I _ this school since three years ago. 8) Where is Jim? He _ the farm.9) When_ he _? He _ an hour ago.10) Would you like to _ the zoo with me? -Yes, but I _ there before.11) Where _ you _ now? - I _ the zoo. 12) He often _ swimming.13) _ you _ there last year? 14) _ they often _ skating in winter?5、用have/has been to/in, have gone to及go的各种形式填空。1) Where is Jack? He _ his country. 2) David _ the park just now.3) John _ England since he came back. 4) How long _ have _ this village?5) The Smiths _ Beijing for years. 6) _ you ever _ America? - Yes, I _ there many times.7) I _ this school since three years ago. 8) Where is Jim? He _ the farm.9) When_ he _? He _ an hour ago.10) Would you like to _ the zoo with me? -Yes, but I _ there before.11) Where _ you _ now? - I _ the zoo. 12) He often _ swimming.13) _ you _ there last year? 14) _ they often _ skating in winter?延续性动词与非延续性动词之间的转换 The old man died 4 years ago.- The old man has been dead for 4 years. He joined the Party 2 years ago.- He has been in the Party for 2 years. I bought the book 5 days ago.- I have had the book for 5 days. leave - be away borrow - keep buy - have die - be dead begin/start - be on finish - be over fall ill -be ill get up-be up catch a cold - have a cold put on wear come/become/go - be here fall asleep - be asleep get to/ arrive/reach - be (in) get to know - know join-be a member of . (成为的一员) open -be open close -be closed 6 延续性动词和瞬间性动词之间的转化 1. He died 10 years ago. He _ for 10 years / since 10 years ago. 2. He borrowed the book 2 weeks ago. He _the book for 2 weeks. 3.  He bought the motorbike a month ago. He _the motorbike for a month. 4.  He arrived here three days ago.He _here since three days ago. 5.  They turned off the light 2 hours ago.  The light _for 2 hours. 6. He left here 2 years ago. He _from here for 2 years. 7.  The film began 30 minutes ago. The film _ for 30 minutes. 8. They opened the door an hour ago.  The door _ for an hour. 9. They closed the door an hour ago. The door _for an hour. 10.  He joined the army last year. He _ a _ for a  year.   He _ the army for a year.  It _ a year _ he joined the army.5 现在完成时和一般过去时的区别 现在完成时和一般过去时都表示在过去完成的动作。但现在完成时强调的是这一动作与现在的关系。如对现在产生的结果或影响等，而一般过去时只表示动作在过去某一时刻发生，不表示和现在的关系。试比较： I have lost my new book. 我把新书丢了。（现在还未找到） I lost my new book yesterday. 我昨天把新书丢了。（现在找到与否没说明）7.用过去时或现在完成时填空：1. -“_ you _ (have) lunch ?” -“Yes.”-“When _ you _ (have) it?” -“I _ (have) it at 12:00.”2. -“_ you _ (write) a letter to your aunt yet?”-“Yes, I _. I _ (write) one last week.”3. - “_ he _ (finish) his homework?”-“Not yet.”4. “_ they ever _ (be) abroad?” -“Yes, just once.”5. Your father _ just _ (finish) his work.6. Your father _ (finish) his work just now.7. Last term I _ (learn) many English words.8. They _ (not read) the interesting books yet.9. He _ never _ (go) to the science museum.10. _ you ever _ (drink) coke?11.-Have you _ (buy) a dictionary? “- “Yes, I _ .”-“Where_ you _(buy) it?” -“ I _(buy) it in a bookstore.”-“When _ you _ (buy) it?” “ Yesterday.”专心-专注-专业