高中状语从句精讲(共12页).doc

精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上状语从句1状语从句在句中起状语作用，修饰主句的谓语动词，形容词，副词或整个句子。2 状语从句通常由从属连词引导，与主句相连。3 状状语从句放在句首时，常在其后加上逗号；放放在句末时，其前一般不用逗号。分类在数量上牢记共有九个状语从句。时间状语从句；地点状语从句；原因状语从句；比较状语从句；目的状语从句；结果状语从句；条件状语从句；方式状语从句；让步状语从句。一 时间状语从句1 when while as 当的时候l When从句可用延续性动词，也可用瞬间动词。He went out to play when he had finished延续性 his homework.When John went back结束性 home, the tickets were still there.l While从句需用延续性动词，侧重主句动作与从句动作相对比。Strike while the iron is延续性 hot .l As与when 相似，侧重强调主从句动作在点或段时间内进行。The students took notes as they listened.点拨-延续性动词与结束性动词延续性动词表示能够延续的动作be learn, work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, live, stay延续性动词可以与表示时间段的状语连用，for+一段时间,for 2 years; since从句, since he came here; since+时间点名词,since last year, since 5 days ago; how long; for a long time等。 例:He has lived here for 6 years. You can keep the book for 5 days. Istayed there for 2 weeks last year. How long did you stay there last year?非延续性动词也称终止性动词、瞬间动词 表示不能延续的动作,这种动作发生后立即结束。open, die, close, begin, finish, come, go, move, borrow, lend, buy。 非延续性动词在肯定句中与表示时间点的状语连用，two years ago; at 5 o'clock; He died 5 years ago. 否定的终止性动词可以与表示时间段的时间状语连用。I haven't left here for 3 years. I haven't heard from him for 3 weeks.2 before 在之前；after 在之后；since 自从l It will be +段时间+before sb. 表示多久之后才。It wont be long before the term comes to an end l It is/was +一段时间+since 表示自从有多久了。It was five years since he came to china l It is/was+时间点+when 表示自从有多久了。It was five years ago, when he came to china3 until till 直到才l 主语+谓语（延续性）+until/till+其它 表示一直到为止。He remained there until she arrivedl 主语+谓语（延续性和结束性的否定）+until/till+其它 表示直到才。He wont go to bed till/until she returnsl 强调句，it is not untilthat。It was not untiltill不可以放在强调句型中。 the boss came in that they began to work l Not untiltill不可以放在该句型中。 放在句首时，主语谓语要部分倒装。Not until midnight did he go back home4 as soon as , immediately ,directly, instantly, no sooner than,hardly/barely/scarcelywhen.表示 一就l 从句用一般现在时代替将来时。I m going to talk with you as soon as I finish my homeworkl no sooner than,hardly/barely/scarcelywhen.引导的主句谓语动词用完成时,从句用一般时态。No sooner had we set 过去完成时+过去时；现在完成时+现在时。out than it began to rain l no sooner, hardly/barely/scarcely提到句首时应该用部分倒装语序。Hardly had I seen him when I asked him about the matter5 表示时间名词短语可以引导状语从句。the time ,the moment , the minute , the day, the year, the first time , the second time ,by the time ,each time, every time, next time The moment he came out of the car , I recognized at once who he was.专项练习1_he heard this, he got very angry.I met Lucy _I was walking along the river._a child , he lived in the countryside.A when B while C as D when/while/as2 When were about to leave _it began to rainShe thought I was talking about her son, _,in fact, I was talking about my son.Hardly had I finished my composition _the bell rang. A when B while C as D during3 It will be years _we meet again.Its ten years _I came to this town.Its ten years ago _I came to this town.A when B that C before D since4 _you talk to someone or write a message , you show your skills to others.A At times B Every time C By the time D Some time5 The field research will take John and Paul about five months; it will be a long time _we meet them again.A after B before C since D when6 I felt like a fish out of water _I arrived in the USA.A first time B for the first time C the first time D by the first time7 That was really a splendid evening .Its years _I enjoyed myself so muchA when B that C since D once8 He made a mistake ,but then he corrected the situation _it got worse.A until B when C before D as9 _time went on ,the whole forest was almost destroyed. The green hills have gradually changed into wasteland.A with B since C while D as10 its a long time _I last saw you. -Yes, and it will be another month _we can meet again.A before; since B when; before C since; when D since; before11 The driver got out of the car _it caught fire.A immediately B that C unless D until12_I saw the computer ,I showed great interest in it.A At first B For the first time C Until D The first time13 I knew M r Green _I knew Mrs. Green.A long before B before long C long ago D after long14 I usually watch TV in the evening _I have to study for an examination.A before B since C after D when15 Im sorry youve been waiting so long ,but itll still be some time _Brian gets back.A before B since C till D after16 There were some chairs left over _everyone had sat down.A when B until C that D where17 We often wonder why Mr. Smith walks to his office _ he has a car.A when B unless C while D if18 He was told that it would be at least three more months _ he could recover and return to work.A when B before C since D that19 It is difficult for us to learn a lesson in life _weve actually had that lessonA until B after C since D when20 How long do you suppose it will be _he arrives at the small village?A when B before C since D after原因状语从句1 because ， as ，since，for.表示的原因。l because 强调主要原因且不被人知的原因，语气最强；位置，可位于句首，也可位于主句之后；可放在强调结构中 It is because thatShe has to stay at home because she was ill.l As 强调较为明显的原因，语气较because弱；位置，常位于句首。As you object, Ill change the playl Since 强调明显事实；位置，常位于主句之后。Ill do for you since you are busy.l For 强调推测，语气较弱；位置，总是位于主句之后，且常用逗号与主句隔开。It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet. 2 now that ,seeing as, seeing that, consider that语气较弱，常位于句首。 表示 既然 考虑到Seeing as were going the same way, Ill give you a gift.专项练习1 It was _it rained heavily that they didnt comeA as B because C for D since2 Why not buy a cheaper one, _you dont have enough money?A since B because C for D though3 _the rain has stopped， lets continue to work.A For B Now that C That D Because4 Did you return Freds call?I didnt need to _Ill see him tomorrowA though B unless C when D because5 Tom was very sad over the loss of the photos she had shot at Canada, _this was a memory she is especially treasured.A as B if C when D where6 May I go and play with Tom this afternoon, Mum ？ -No，you cant go out _your homework is being done.A until B since C before D if地点状语从句Where 在的地方；wherever 无论何地Where具体某个地方；wherever没有固定范围。Please stay where you are.Wherever I go, I will never forget the promise I made to you.专项练习1 This photo of mine was taken _stood the famous Eastern Bright Pearl in Shanghai.A in which B which C there D where2 In peace, too, the Red Cross is excepted to send help _there is human suffering.A whoever B however C whatever D wherever3 If you want to do the experiment again, youd better be more carful _ you made a mistake.A when B why C where D in case4 -The thread of my kite broke and it flew away. -I told you it would easily break _ it was the weakest.A when B there C that D where5 Youd better not leave the medicine _kids can get at it.A even if B which C where D so that6 Although he know little about the large amount of work done in the field , he succeeded _other more well-information experimenters failed.A which B where C what D that7 _you decide to spend your holidays, one thing is certain, you will get to your destination , fresh and safe.A Whatever B Whoever C Wherever D whichever比较状语从句1 同级比较：asas 中间必须接adj&adv原形。与一样He is as tall as you are.2 不同级比较not as/soas;thanMusic is not so difficult as EnglishI can run faster than you can .3 递进比较 the +比较级the+比较级 结构中第一个是从句，第二个是主句。在主句中可用陈述性语序也可用倒装语序.The harder youll practice , the greater progress you will makeWill you make.4 倍数比较 l A is times 两次onceas +adj + as Bl A is times +比较级+than Bl A is times the size/length/width/heigh/depth+of B Tom is three times as tall as Lucy.专项练习1 I paid only 3 pounds for the book,_ I excepted it would cost.A not as many as B not so much as C not cheaper than D not so expensive2 Ten years ago the population of our village was _that of their.A as twice large as B twice as large as C twice as much as D as twice much as3 Have you got any idea for the summer vacation? -I dont mind where we got _theres sun ,sea and beach.A as if B as long as C now that D in order that4Do you have a minutes? Ive got something to tell you. -Ok, _ you make it short.A now that B if only C as long as D every time5 Beijing is changing to rapidly that maps of the city go out of date almost _they are published.A after B once C as soon as D since6 It is hard to avoid mistakes. _you correct them conscientiously, it will be all right.A In the case B As long as C Although D Despite目的状语从句 so that=in order that 以便, for fear that=lest 如果以防.，that 以便， in case 以免。1so that=in order that 以便 He got up early in order thatSo that he could get there in time.l 在状语从句中常会有助动词 may/might/will/would/shall/can/could Lets take the front seats so that we may区分目的与结果状语从句。 see clearly.l 当主句贺从句主语一致时，目的状语可以与表示目的的的不定式或介词短语转换。 Well sit in the front of the hall so that we can hearIn order to hear better .2 for fear that=lest 以免Be careful for fear (that) you should be misunderstood.3 in case 以防In case the policeman can notice more, they didnt suspect us.专项练习1 youd better take something to read when you go to see the doctor _you have to wait.A even if B as if C in case D in order that2 Please remind me of the meeting again tomorrow _I forget.A though B so that C in case D until3 My parents live in a small village. They always keep candles in the house _there is a power out.A if B so that C in case D so that4 I dont think Maria will be disappointed at the news, but I will see her _she is. A as if B so that C in case D even though5 The weather in London is so changeable that people always take their umbrellas with them _ rain.A for fear that B in case of C in spite of D because of结果状语从句That, so, so that, such that, sothat, 如此以至于suchthat如此以至于。1 sothat如此以至于l so+adj+a/an+可数名词单数+thatMike is so honest a worker that we all believe him.l so+adj+thatThe girl is so lovely that everyone likes her.l So many/few/much/little+相应形式的名词+that.He earned so little money that he couldnt support his family.2 suchthat如此以至于l Such+a/an+adj+可数名词单数+thatMike is such an honest worker that we all believe him.l Such+adj+不可数名词+thatl Such+adj+可数名词复数+thatIt is such fine weather that we all want to go to the park.点拨It is not surprising that such little 当little翻译成大小时可用such，当译成多少时用so。worms eat so little grain.专项练习1 It gave him such a shock _his face turned white.A that B as though C although D while2 The weather was _cold that I didnt like to leave my room.A really B such C too D so 3 The Internet has become such an important part of society _ it needs to be given more attention.A as B that C which D where4 I havent seen Ann for _long that Ive forgotten what she looks like.A such B very C so D too5 Pop music is such an important part of society _it has even influenced our language.A as B that C which D where条件状语从句If 如果， unless 除非，as/so long as 只要就， on condition that 在条件下，suppose that 假如，in case 万一。l 位置，条件句可置于句首，也可以位于主句之后。Take an umbrella with you in case it rains.l 主将从现 Youll fall behind the others unless you study hard.I usually watch TV in the evening _I have to study for an examination.A because B unless C while D the moment2 A small car is big enough for a family of three _you need more space for baggageA once B because C if D unless3 Well have a picnic in the park this Sunday _ it rains or its very old.A since B if C unless D until4 Dont promise anything _you are one hundred percent sure.A whether B after C how D unless5 Most birds find it safe to sleep in the trees, but _they have eggs or young chicks, they dont use a nest.A when B unless C while D if6 _he had not hurt his leg, there is a power out.A if B unless C in case D so that7 Small sailboats can easily turn over in the water _they are not managed carefully.A though B before C until D if8 I have heard these sons and daughters say they never fully appreciated their mothers _it was too late to tell them.A as B that C until D when9_you send me an e-mail to say that you wont go camping , I will wait for you at the park.A Whether B If C Unless D When10 Do you think we can get there on time？ -_A If only B Even if C In case D So long as点拨Only if和if only的用法区别 一、only if 1. 在only if 这个短语中，副词only是中心词,而从属连接词if则只是用来连接从句的，因此，它表示“只有(才)；只有在的时候，唯一的条件是”的意思。 I told him he would succeed only if he tried hard. 我告诉他，只有努力才能成功。 2. only if 有时也写成only.if，表示唯一的条件，但是意思不变。 I will only come home if you come with me. （= I will come home only if you come with me.） 只有你跟我一起走，我才回家。 因此，根据上面的分析，课文中的句子我们也可以把它改成Yet they could get the blood only if one of the frightened children would agr