状语从句表格整理(共2页).doc

精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上状 语 从 句状语从句是副词性从句，它在句子中担任状语，修饰主句的动词、形容词、副词或句子。根据修饰的方面，状语从句可以分为以下九种。种类从属连词例 句要点归纳时间状语从句whenWhen I came into the room, he was writing a letter.when指的是“当时”。 从句中的动词可表延续性动作，也可表瞬间性动作I was walking along the street when(这时) suddenly Tom patted me on the shoulder .when意为“这时”或“在那时”,这时when分句一般位于句末。whileWhile it was raining, they went out.All of us are working hard while he is sleeping.( 并列连词“然而”)while指“在某一段时间里”，“在期间”，while引导的动作必须是持续性的。asHe hurried home, looking behind as he went.他赶快回家，边走边向后看。As (随着)time goes by, I like China better.as（一边.一边）引导持续性动作，强调主句和从句的动作同时发生；“随着”。beforeBe a pupil before you become a teacher.I finished my task before I went home.before译为 “在之前, 才, 就”afterHe arrived after the game started.在之后till untilWe waited till (until)he came back .直到She didnt stop working until eleven oclock .直到才主句谓语动词为延续性，常用肯定式；主句谓语动词为瞬间性，常用否定式，可用before替换since,Great changes have taken place in China since 1978.Its 8 years since I taught here.其从句通常用一般过去时，主句谓语动词通常用完成时常用于It is /was since句型as soon asAs soon as I arrive in Shanghai, Ill write to you.No sooner had he reached home than it began to rain“一就” 同：immediately, directly, instantly, the minute / moment , no soonerthan, hardly (scarcely)whenthe first timeThe first time I saw him, he was a school teacher同理：every time, each time, any time ,the last time, by the time可引导时间状语从句地点状语从句wherewhereverWhere there is water there is life.Wherever you go, you must obey the law.where与wherever意义基本相同，但后者语气较强。in which只在定语从句中的某些情况下，才可以与where替换原因状语从句becauseI was late yesterday because I was ill.because用来回答why 的问题，语气最强一般放在主句之后sinceSince (既然)everyone is here, lets begin our meeting.since表示既然或全已知的理由,稍加分析即可表明的原因,多放句首asAs（由于） he didnt know much English, he looked up the word in the dictionary .从句常放在句首，说明次要的原因，主句说明结果，常用于口语中。forIt must have rained last night, for the ground is still wet.for连接的是并列句，表补充说明的原因，常位于主句后。目的状语从句so thatin order thatI shall write down your telephone number so that I may not forget.They worked harder in order that they could finish the work ahead of time.常用情态动词can (could)等放在从句动词之前，从句往往放在主句之后.in case, for fear that, lestTake your umbrella in case（以防，以免，唯恐）it should rain.引导的从句可用虚拟语气：should+动词原形；结果状语从句so that;sothatWe turned up the radio, so that everyone heard the news.He was so excited that he couldnt say a word.so that前有逗号为结果状语从句。sothat的so后面跟形容词或副词.suchthatIt is such an interesting novel that all of us want to read it. It is so interesting a novel that all of us want to read it.suchthat的such后面跟名词，如果名词是单数就要用such a /anthat还可以转换用sothat，语气较强条件状语从句ifunlessas/so long asDifficulties are nothing if we are not afraid of them.We shall go there tomorrow unless除非 it rains.= We shall go there tomorrow if it doesnt rain.So long as you work hard, you will succeed.只要努力，你就会成功。unless从句的谓语只能用肯定式。unless和ifnot同义。条件状语从句中的谓语动词的时态一般要用现在时或过去时代替一般将来时或过去将来时。once一旦on condition thatYou may borrow the book, on condition that you do not lend it to anyone else.在条件下，倘若supposing假如，如果。同：suppose that, provided / providing (that)方式状语从句asas ifthoughDraw a cat as I taught you yesterday.She looks as if she is ill.He acted as if (though) nothing had happened.此处as译为，按照或正如as if或as though的意义和用法基本一样。从句中可以用现在时表示可能符合事实，也可以用虚拟语气。 让步 状语从句thoughalthough Although (Though) he was over sixty, (yet) he began to learn French.We were not tired though (although) we had worked all day.一般用了“虽然”就不能再用“但是”（but）, 但可以与yet或still连用。though / although意义相同，后者正式多放主句的前面。even ifthoughIll go even if (though) it rains tomorrow. “即使”asChild as he is , he knows a lot .Try as he might, he failed.Cold as it is, (= Though it is cold,)the children play outdoors.as引出的状语从句常放在句首，语序部分倒装。虽然，尽管whileWhile I find there are problems, I dont know what they are.虽然，尽管no matterDo it no matter what others say.No matter how busy he was, he studied English every day.no matter与 wh-ever引导的让步状语从句意义一样，但前者不能引导名词性从句。whever Whatever happens / may happen , we shall not lose heart.Whoever comes, he will be glad.比较状语从句asasnot so/asasMary is as old as my sister.He doesnt run so (as) fast as Jack (does).连词表示同程度级的比较，肯定句用asas否定句可用not as (so)as thanHe bought fewer books than I (did).主句中用比较级的形容词或副词。the morethe moreThe more you read, the better you understand.The warmer, the better.越暖和越好。 越越.专心-专注-专业