人教版八年级下册英语-Unit1-5-单元笔记+练习(共23页).doc

精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上八年级下册Unit 1 单元笔记1. People will have robots in their homes. 人们家里将会有机器人。will助动词，表单纯的未来。用于陈述句表“将，会”。e.g. I will (I'll) be 15 next month.下个月我就15岁了。Mr. Green will be back soon.否定句：won't = will not eg. He won't be back before 10.will用于疑问句意为“会吗？”e.g. Will you be free on Friday evening?Will people have robots?2. There will only be one country.将会只有一个国家。There will be 是there be句型的将来时。e.g. There won't be any paper money. （否定）Will there be less pollution? (疑问)Yes, there will./ No, there won't.There will be more people. (肯定) 常见错误：there will have3.  I think there will be more / less pollution. 我认为将会有更多/更少的污染。fewer 与less及more表数量的用法。（1） few（形容词）“几乎没有，很少的”，修饰可数名词。其比较级、最高级为规则变化：fewfewerfewest。“a few”表示“一些”，“few”带否定含义，“几乎没有”。例：a few days ago, for a few weeks, He has few friends here. There will be fewer trees. （2）little（形容词）“很少的，几乎没有的”（“小的，幼小的”），修饰不可数名词。其比较级、最高级为不规则变化：littlelessleast。“a little”表“一些”，“little”带否定含义，“几乎没有”。例：Theres little food left. We have to buy some. Theres a little water in the cup. （3）many“许多”，修饰可数名词。much“许多”，修饰可数名词。    many / more比较级、最高级为不规则变化：many / much moremost。    例：I have many magazines. She has more magazines. But he has the most.     There will be more people on the earth in future.     More and more students start to exercise more every day to keep fit.  4. in  与 after的区别  例句：I'll be back in half an hour. 我半小时后就回来.本句中的in作"以后"解，不能用after代替。after和in都可以表示"以后"的意思，其区别是：1）after以过去为起点，表示过去一段时间以后，常用于过去时态的句子。例如：They started working after lunch. 他们是午餐后开始工作的。The film was shown after the meeting. 电影是会议结束以后放的。2）in以现在为起点，表示将来一段时间以后，常用于将来时态的句子。如：They will start working in half an hour. 他们将在半小时后开始工作。The film will be shown in 2 or 3 days. 这部电影将在两三天后上映。3）在某个特定的时间以后，after也可用于将来时态的句子。例如：They will start working after 10 am. 他们将在上午10点以后开始工作。The film will be shown after 5 o'clock. 这部电影将于4点以后上映。4) “after+一段时间”或“一段时间+later”表示“（在过去某个时间看来）一段时间之后”。He went home after two days. 他两天后回家了。Three years later，she had a baby. 三年后，她生了一个婴儿。5. fall in love with 爱上      fall in love with a girl 爱上一个女孩 fall in love with a country 爱上一个国家 注 fall 是“陷入”的意思. 它与feel（感觉）很像。fallfellfallen feelfeltfelt.6alone  adj.（只作表语） adv.  独自；单独 He was alone in the house他一个人在屋里 。 I went to the movies alone，I felt lonely. 我独自去看电影了，我觉得很孤独。 注 alone       表示“单独的，独自一人的”，不含感情色彩.做形容词时，只能在be动词或系动词之后做表语与lonely不同，lonely表示“孤独的，寂寞的”含有丰富的感情色彩.lonely做形容词时，可做定语和表语。如: a lonely village 孤寂的村庄.7keep  vt.& vi. keep 有好几个意思，在本课中做“饲养；喂养”讲，相当于feed。      keep a pet parrot 养一只宠物鹦鹉 feed a cat with fish 给猫喂鱼（1）保住；保留：Ill try my best to keep my job. 我要尽力保住我的工作。（2）保守（秘密）：keep a secret（这对我来说可是太难了）（3）保持（某状态）：Keep silent! 保持沉默！      Keep top side up! 请勿倒放！（“保持上方朝上”不就是“请勿倒放”吗？）（4）继续；持续：They kept walking. 他们继续步行。8.That may not seem possible now.那可能现在看上去不可能。 seem 是连系动词,意为“似乎”“好像”“看上去”,用来表示说话人内心的有一定依据的推测判断或猜想其主要用法如下: 1. seem 后面接动词不定式 to do ，构成固定词组：seem to do sth”似乎要.”例: My father seemed to know the news. 我父亲好像知道这个消息 2. “It seems/seemed that.从句.”例如: It seemed that you were lying. 看来你在撒谎! 语法1)        一般将来时1用be doing表示将来：主要意义是表示按计划、安排即将发生的动作，常用于位置转移的动词。 如：go, come, leave, arrive等，也可用于其他动作动词。 We are having fish for dinner. We are moving to a different hotel the day after tomorrow. 这种用法通常带有表示将来的时间状语，如果不带时间状语，则根据上下文可表示最近即将发生的动作。 2用be going to do表示将来：主要意义，一是表示“意图”，即打算在最近的将来或将来进行某事。 Are you going to post that letter? How long is he going to stay here?另一意义是表示“预见”，即现在已有迹象表明将要发生或即将发生某种情况。Its going to rain.3. 用will/ shall do表示将来：主要意义，一是表示预见。She will come to have class tomorrow. She wont come to have class tomorrow. 4. 用一般现在时表示。根据规定或时间表预计要发生的动作，在时间和条件状语从句中，都可用一般现在时表示将来时。如：1. The new term starts （begins） on August 29th. 新学期八月二十九日开学。2. If it doesnt rain tomorrow， we will go out for a picnic. 如果明天不下雨，我们将出野餐。 3. Ill call you as soon as he gets home. 他明天一到家我就打电话通知你。2） There be结构英语中,There be句型表示“某处有某人或某物”。例如:There are always more than one hundred birds in the big tree every evening. 每天傍晚那棵大树上总会有100多只小鸟。一、There be句型的用法:1)There与be中间可插入一些表示推测的情态动词、表示时态的短语和一些动词短语,以强调某种语气。例如:There must be some flowers in the box. 盒子里肯定有些鲜花。There will be a meeting this afternoon.注意:be不能换成have及have的变化形式。2)There be句型常与过去时间状语连用,构成一些固定句型,用于故事发生的开头,交代故事发生的时间。例如:Many years ago,there was such a beautiful girl called Cindy.很久以前有一个叫Cindy的美丽女孩。3)There be句型中，动词be单复数形式要跟there be之后的真正的主语一致。并且要根据    就近一致原则来变换be的单复数形式。例如:There is a desk, two chairs and three benches in the room. There are two chairs, a desk and three benches in the room. 八年级下册 Unit 1 Will people have robots?练习题一丶单项选择1.The sports meeting will be held in our school _ several days.A .after B.about C.in D.till2. Lots of people want to _ to the moon. A.walk B.take C.fly D.run3. Its cold outside. Please _ your coat.etter now. A.wear B.put on C.dress D.have on4. It _ all young people love listening to music. A.looks B.seems C.sounds D.likes5. Im better. Ill _ go to school tomorrow. A. can B.be able C.able D.be able to 6. Everyone has his own dreams, but those dreams dont always _. A.come true B.come over C.keep true D.get out7. _ tourists visit Mount Tai every day. A. Thousands of B.Thousand of C.Five thousands of D.Seven thousands8. Last year I want to Qingdao and _ it. A. fell love in B.loved with C.fell in love D.fell in love with9. It will be bad for your health to eat _ food and take _ exercise. A.fewer,more B.more, less C.little,much D.less,less10. Where _ they will go for the vacation? A.do you think B.as for you C.as you want D.do you like11. She has never seen _ picture before. A.so a beautiful B.such a beautiful C.so beautiful D.such beautiful12.”The Great Wall is wonderful . I hope we will visit it again.” “_” A.I agree with you B.Have a good time C.Thats OK D.Its very kind of you13. I heard you liked small animals very much. - Yes, I _ a dog and a cat as pets. A.kept B.looked C.found D.felt14. They _ a meeting tomorrow afternoon. A.are having B.will have C.are going have D.is going to have15.- Tell him about the news when he _ ,John - Yes, I will. A.comes B.will come C.would come D.is coming二丶句型转换1. She will work in Shanghai in 5 years.(改为一般疑问句并作否定回答)_.2. My mother gets up at 6:00 every day.( 用tomorrow代替every day) _.3. They will play basketball after school.( 对划线部分提问)_.4. Shell clean her bedroom tomorrow moring.(改为否定句)_.5. They did their homework at school.(改为否定句)_.三丶用所给词的适当形式填空.1. Whats your _ (predict) about the future?2. Nothing in the world is _ (possible), if you decide to do it.3. Most people like easy jobs and dont like _ (please) work.4. There _ (be)a class meeting next Friday.5. My life will be a lot (good) than it is now.6. Kids _ (not go) to school in 100 years.7. I _ (fall) off the tree yesterday afternoon.8. I'll be a computer _ (programme).9. There will be _ (many) people in the future.10. I think there will be _ (little) pollution.八年级下册Unit 2 What should I do? 单元笔记一丶重点短语1argue v争论；争吵 argue with sb与某人吵架  I argued with my best friend我和我的好朋友吵架了。 2 either   adv.（用于否定句）也  He doesnt have any money, and I dont, either他没有钱，我也没有。  I cant play chess. She cant, either.我不会下国际象棋，她也不会。  too 也（用于肯定或疑问句）  Im a teacherHe is a teacher, too我是老师，他也是老师。   3ask （sb）for sth向某人寻求某物；要   Don't ask for food every dayGo and find some work 别天天要饭，找点儿工作做。 I dont think you should ask your parents for some money.我想你不应向父母要钱。  4the same as. 与相同 （注意前后两个比较对象的属性保持一致）The clothes are the same as my friends'这些衣服与我朋友的一样。 Tom is the same age as Anna Tom is as old as Anna 汤姆和安娜一样大。 Her backpack is the same as mine.    她的背包与我的一样。  5except 除以外；（不包括在内） My class has been invited except me除我以外，我的同学都被邀请了。 All the students went to the park except him除了他之外，全体同学都去过公园了。 They all traveled America except her.  除了她以外，所有的学生都去美国旅行过。 注意区别：besides 除以外，还有.（包括在内） We all went there besides him除他去以外，我们也都去了。( He went thereWe went there, too) 他也去了，我们也去了！/大家都去了！ There are five more visitors besides me.除了我之外还有5名访客 （加上我是6个）6wrong adj错误的；有毛病的；不合适的 What's wrong with you? 你怎么了?(你哪里不舒服?) I've got a headache我头痛。 Whats wrong with your watch? It doesn't work.你的手表怎么了？它不走了。 注意：Whats the matter with you?= Whats wrong with you ?=Whats the trouble with you? 你怎么了？/你出什么事了？7get on（well） with sb与某人相处（融洽） get on ( well ) with sth 某事进展地好The students will get on well with the teacher学生会和老师相处得非常好。 How are you going on with your new friends? 你和你的新朋友相片如何 ？These days ,Mr Green gets on well with his new job. 这些天，格林先生的工作进展很顺利8have a fight with sb fight with sb与某人打架 I dont want to have a fight with my cousin 我不想和我的堂兄打架。 They never fight with each other.They are really good friends.            他们从不打架，他们的确是好朋友。  二、主要句型(Key Sentences Structures) What should I do?  You could write him a letter What should he do? Maybe he should say sorry to him What should they do? They shouldn't argue 三、词语辨析 1. borrow sth. from sb.   从某人处借进某物 （借回来）    lend sth. to sb. = lend sb. sth   把某物借给某人 （借出去）  注：  borrow sth. from sb.  是指该句的主语从别人处(往里)借进某物 例:He borrowed the dictionary from Lucy yesterday. 他昨天从露西处借了那本字典.      lend sth. to sb. = lend sb. sth. 是指该句的主语把某物（往外）借给别人用 例如：Could you lend me your car? =Could you lend your car to me?请你借给我你的车用一下好吗？2. get sb. to do  使做（以人为对象时，有“说服使做”的含义）     He could get a tutor to come to his home. 他可以请一位家庭教师来他家。     Youll never get her to agree.  你决不可能使她同意。 ask sb. to do  邀请（人）做    We asked her to come to our party.我们请她来参加聚会 tell sb. to do让某人做某事  例如：     The teacher told him to finish the work that day. 老师那天让他完成那项工作。3、be in style   时髦的，流行的    be out of style    过时的，不时髦的 例： Look! Her new dress is in style.她的新裙子很时髦。 Those clothes are out of style.  那些衣服过时了。四、课文解释1、I dont want to surprise him. 我不想让他感到意外。    此处surprise是及物动词  surprise sb. 使某人感到吃惊    eg. My friend always surprises me.2、talk about it on the phone  用电话就此事进行交流On the phone 在电话里 。不能使用 in the phone、eg. They talk about a lot on the phone yesterday. 他们昨天在电话里谈了很多3、call sb. (up) =give sb. a call   给某人打电话4、write sb. a letter = write a letter to sb.    给某人写信5、give him a ticket to a ball game.给他一张观看球赛的入场券 (注意to 译为：.的)  eg. They got two tickets to tonights show. 他们搞了两张今晚表演的入场券。6、She has the same haircut as I do.  她和我有相同的发型。eg. Tim has the same clothes as his brother does.提姆和他的弟弟有相同的衣服。7、find out （经过某人的研究、努力）发现，查出，找出You should find out the answer for yourself.你应该自己去找答案。8、Everyone else in my class was invited except me.  除了我以外，我们班其他别的人都接到了邀请（信）此句中else一词不能单独使用，它必须跟在不定代词像“someone, anyone nobody”等词的后面，或跟在特殊疑问词像“what, where”等词的后面使用意思是“别的”eg. What else 别的什么， Who else 其他谁 someone else 其他人9、I cant think what I did wrong.  我真想不出我做错了什么。此句中 what I did wrong是宾语从句，应用陈述语序 （即 ：主语+动词）10、Im very upset and dont know what to do.我很沮丧，不知该干什么。此句中 what to do是不定式作know的宾语，可用宾语从句来代替。可以说成“I dont know what I should do.”请大家背熟以下两个常见结构： I dont know what to do .我不知道该做什么。 I dont know how to do it. 我不知道该怎么去做它。11、There are a lot of things you could do. 有许多你能做的事。此句中 you could do是定语从句，修饰前面的名词“things”12、You left your homework at home.你把你的作业落在家里了。leave sth. +介词短语，是“把忘在，落在（某处）的意思。eg. He left his umbrella on the bus.他把伞忘在公交车上。 注：千万不能根据汉语的说法写为：forget sth ,只能用leave sth.表示“落下”13、You should try to be funny.  你应该试着幽默一些。   Try to do努力做，试着做，尽量做   而try not to do  是尽量不做eg. Please try not to be late again.  请尽量不要再迟到。14、Their school days are busy enough.  他们的学校生活是够忙的。  enough必须放在形容词/副词的后面,表示“足够的” （后置）eg. He is tall enough to reach that apple. 他足够高的可以够着那个苹果。15、be under too much pressure.  在太多的压力下16、see other children doing a lot of things    看别的孩子在做许多事see sb. doing    看见某人正在干某事 （强调动作正在进行）See sb do sth 看见某人做过某事 （强调动作已结束）eg. We saw them playing basketball at that time.那时我们看见他们在打篮球 17、find it hard to do sth.  发现做（事）很难       He found it hard to learn math well.  他发现学好数学很难注：it 初中阶段常作：形式主语 /形式宾语 ，而句子真正的主语/宾语则由to do 来担当.八年级下册 Unit 2 What should I do ? 练习题一丶单项选择 1. Im not good at math. I really dont know_.A. what should I do B.how should do C.what to do 2. My best friend is the same_. We are both 12 years old. A. as my age B.age as me C.as me age3. Can you_ what time the meeting starts? A.find out B.look after C.find4. My mother knows little about fashion. Her clothes are always_ A.in style B. Out of style C.new and smart5. Dad, I dont have enough money to buy a CD. Could you_me some? A.borrow B.lend C.keep6. Dont argue_ your parents. Its not polite. A.to B.for C.with7. “What should I do ?” “_ you could get_part-time job.” A.Maybe ,a B.May be ,/ C.Really, a8.-Youd better not go out now. Its raining. - It doesnt matter. My new coat can keep_ the rain. A.in B.of C.out9. Its a beautiful coat. But he _ only 30 dollars for it. A. paid B.bought C.spent 10.The weather is_ for us to go swiming. A.enough warm B.warm enough C.too warm11.He_ his homework at home yesterday. A. left B.leaves C.forgot12. Could you give me_ to eat? Im hungry.A.anything B.something C.some thing13. If you are wrong, you should _sorry _others.A. talk, to B.say, to C.speak, about14. I was told to be here before seven. - Oh, you_ .Im sorry for not telling you t