2013年职称英语理工类C级重点整理(阅读+完形-便携版方便考前突击)(共11页).doc

精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上2013年职称英语理工类C级重点整理（阅读+完形 便携版方便考前突击）阅读理解第十一篇 When Our Eyes Serve Our Stomach我们的视觉服务于我们的胃口Our senses arent just delivering strict view of whats going on in the world； theyre affected by whats going on in our heads. A new study finds that hungry 饥饿的people see food-related与食物相关的words more clearly 清晰地,真切地than people whove just eaten.吃过的人(第1题答案出处)Psychologists have known for decades that whats going on,inside our head affects our senses. For example, poorer children think coins are larger than they are, and hungry people think pictures of food are brighter. Remi Radel of University of Nice Sophia-Antipolis，France，wanted to investigate how this happens. Does it happen right away as the brain receives signals from the eyes or a little later as the brains high-level thinking processes get involved.Radel recruited 42 students with a normal body mass index. On the day of his or her test, each student was told to arrive at the lab at noon after three or four hours of not eating. Then they were told there was a delay. Some were told to come back in 10 minutes; others were given an hour to get lunch first. So half the students were hungry when they did the experiment and the other half had just eaten.刚吃过（=non-hungry）（第2题答案出处）For the experiment, the participant looked at a computer screen. One by one, 80 words flashed on the screen for about l/300th of a second 三百分之一秒each. They flashed at so small a size that the students could only consciously有意识的perceive感知.（第4题答案出处1） A quarter of the words were food-related. After each word，each person was asked how bright the word was and asked to choose which of two words theyd seen a food-related word like cake or a neutral word like boat. Each word appeared 出现too briefly短暂地 for the participant to really read it.（第4题答案出处2）Hungry people saw the food-related words as brighter and were better at identifying food- related words. Because the word appeared too quickly for them to be reliably seen, this means that the difference is in perception ,not in thinking processes, Radel says.“This is something great to me. Humans can really perceive what they need or what they strive for争取（第5题答案出处）. From the experiment, I know that our brain can really be at the disposal 支配of our motives 动机and needs,” Radel says.（第3题答案出处）通过标志词“new”找到本文中心句-比起那些刚刚用过餐的人，饥饿的人能更清晰地看到与食品有关的词。结合标题，推测本文以“视觉与感知食物”为线索展开论述练习：1.What does the new study mentioned in Paragraph 1 find? -对错类A Hungry people see every word more clearly than ordinary people.B Hungry people are always thinking of food-related words.C Hungry people are more sensitive 敏感的to food-related words than stomach-full people吃饱的人.D Hungry people do not have lower-level of thinking process.选项A、B含绝对性词，优先排除。选项C是原文中心句的同义表述。clearly、sensitive意思相近，people whove just eaten=stomach-full people。2.Why was there a delay on the day of the experiment? -细节类A Because hungry people needed time to fill their stomach.B Because Radel wanted to create two groups of testees, hungry and non-hungry.不饿的C Because noon was not the right time for any experiment.D Because Radel needed time to select participants in terms of body mass index.选项A含绝对性词，不列入答案重点排查范围。第三段最后一句话中，just eaten= non-hungry，选项B是答案。3.What does the writer want to tell us? -态度观点类A Humans senses arent just delivering a strict view of whats going on in the world.B What's perceived by our senses affects our way of thinking.C Human brains can really be at the disposal of our motives and needs.D Thinking processes guarantee the normal functions of our senses.由提问标志词“writer”可猜出此题为态度观点类题型。一般答案会出现文章最后一段的最后一两句话中，选项C含“can可能”，是答案的概率高，排查后发现该选项与最后一句话完全一致。4.What did the results of the experiment indicate?-推断类A 80 words flashed on the screen too fast 太快for the participant参与者 to intentionally有意的perceive感知.B Hungry people were better at identifying neutral words.C People who had just 仅仅eaten were better at identifying food-related words.D The participants could barely 仅仅perceive what they needed or what they strived for.“indicate表明”为推断类题标志词，此类题型一般不能在文中找到一模一样的答案，需要加入自己的推测。相对、决定性词是有效解题的辅助工具。排除含绝对性词的选项C、D，第四段两处都可找到选项A的出处。5.What can we infer from the passage? -推断类A 42 participants are too small a number for a serious investigation.B An experiment with hungry and non-hungry participants is not reliable.C Our thinking processes are independent of our senses.D Humans can perceive what they need without没有 involving陷入 high-level 高级的thinking思考 processes过程.由“infer推断”确定为推断类题，选项D含相对性词，优先考虑。出处为最后一段第一句话英汉对译第十一篇 When Our Eyes Serve Our Stomach 我们的视觉服务于我们的胃口Our senses arent just delivering strict view of whats going on in the world； theyre affected by whats going on in our heads. 我们的五官不仅仅让我们感知世界；还受大脑活动的影响。A new study finds that hungry people see food-related words more clearly than people whove just eaten. 一项新研究发现：比起那些刚刚用过餐的人，饥饿的人能更清晰地看到与食品有关的词。Psychologists have known for decades that whats going on, inside our head affects our senses. 数十年以来，心理学家已经知道我们的心理活动直接影响到我们的视觉。For example, poorer children think coins are larger than they are, and hungry people think pictures of food are brighter. 例如，贫穷的孩子看到的硬币比实际的要大；饥饿的人看到的食物图片更明亮。 Remi Radel of University of Nice Sophia-Antipolis，France，wanted to investigate how this happens. Does it happen right away as the brain receives signals from the eyes or a little later as the brains high-level thinking processes get involved. 法国的尼斯索菲亚安提波利斯大学试图调查这一现象：发生这种情况的时间是在大脑从眼睛接收到视觉信号的即时还是稍后些，这时高级思维活动已经介入了。Radel recruited 42 students with a normal body mass index. 雷戴尔招募了健康指数正常的42位学生作为被试者。 On the day of his or her test, each student was told to arrive at the lab at noon after three or four hours of not eating. 在测试的当天，每个学生被告知在中午到达实验室，这时距上一次的用餐时间有34个小时。Then they were told there was a delay. 等他们到达实验室时，他们被告知实验时间有延迟。Some were told to come back in 10 minutes; others were given an hour to get lunch first. 一半学生被告知十分钟后再回来;其余的给1个小时的时间先吃午饭。So half the students were hungry when they did the experiment and the other half had just eaten. 所以一半学生饿着肚子，另一半学生饱腹参加了此次实验。For the experiment, the participant looked at a computer screen. 实验的步骤如下：要求被试者看电脑屏幕。One by one, 80 words flashed on the screen for about l/300th of a second each. 屏幕上的80个字以1/300秒的频率闪动。They flashed at so small a size that the students could only consciously perceive. 由于字体非常之小，被试者只能凭感觉捕捉到字形。A quarter of the words were food-related. 1/4的字是与食物有关的。 After each word，each person was asked how bright the word was and asked to choose which of two words theyd seen a food-related word like cake or a neutral word like boat. Each word appeared too briefly for the participant to really read it. 每闪动一个字，被试者回答字体的亮度并选择看到的是哪类词：一类是和食物有关的词，比如“蛋糕”；一类是中性词，比如“船”。由于每个词的闪动在瞬间完成，被试者根本看不清楚那个词是什么。Hungry people saw the food-related words as brighter and were better at identifying food- related words. 饥饿的人看到与食物有关的词更明亮，且能更好地辨认出与食物有关的词。Because the word appeared too quickly for them to be reliably seen, this means that the difference is in perception ,not in thinking processes, Radel says. 由于每个词的闪动太快，其实那些被试者根本不会确切地看到什么，这就说明：他们只是感觉不同，根本没经过思考。雷戴尔给出了这样的解释。“This is something great to me. 雷戴尔说：“这就是重点所在。Humans can really perceive what they need or what they strive for. 人类可以真正感知到自身的需要或者为之奋斗的目标。From the experiment, I know that our brain can really be at the disposal of our motives and needs,” Radel says. 该实验使我了解这样的事实，即我们的大脑是受我们的动机和需要所支配的。”第十九篇 Musical音乐的 Robot机器人 Companion伴侣 Enhances提升 Listener听众 Experience体验Shimi, a musical companion developed开发by Georgia Techs技术学院Center中心for Music Technology技术, recommends songs, dances to the beat and keeps the music pumping based on基于 listener feedback反馈. （第4题答案出处）The smartphone-enabled, one-foot-tall robot（第1题答案出处1） is billed as an interactive 互动的“musical friend”.（第3题答案出题1）“Shimi is designed to change the way that people enjoy and think about their music，” said Professor Gil Weinberg, the robots creator. He will unveil the robot at the June 27th Google I/O conference in San Francisco. A band of three Shimi robots will perform for guests, dancing in sync with music created in the lab and composed according to its movements.Shimi is essentially a docking station with a “brain” powered by an Android phone. Once docked, the robot gains the sensing and musical generation capabilities of the users mobile device. In other words, if theres an “app” for that, Shimi is ready. For instance, by using the phones camera and face-detecting software，Shimi can follow a listener around the room and position its “ears”，or speakers, for optimal sound. Another recognition feature is based on rhythm and tempo. If the user taps a beat, Shimi analyzes it, scans the phones musical library and immediately plays the song that best最好的matches（第2题答案出处） the suggestion. Once the music starts，Shimi dances to the rhythm.“Many people think that robots are limited by their programming instructions, said Music Technology Ph. D. candidate Mason Bretan. “Shimi shows us that robots can be creative and interactive. （第3题答案出题2） Future apps in the works will allow the user to shake their head in disagreement or wave a hand in the air to alert Shimi to skip to the next song or increase/decrease the volume. The robot will also have the capability to recommend new music based on the users song choices and provide feedback on the music play list.Weinberg hopes other developers will be inspired to create more apps to expand Shimis creative and interactive capabilities. “I believe that our center is ahead of a revolution that will see more robots in homes.” Weinberg said.Weinberg is in the process of commercializing Shimi through an exclusive licensing agreement with Georgia Tech. Weinberg hopes to make the robot available to consumers by the 2013 holiday season. “If robots are going to arrive in homes, we think that they will be this kind of machines- small, entertaining and fun，（第5题答案出处）Weinberg said. “They will enhance your life and pave the way for more intelligent service robots in our lives.”本文的标题信息量很大，完全可以猜到全文将以“音乐机器人的特点，以及它们如何服务人类”的主线进行论述。练习：1.Which of the following is NOT true according to the first three paragraphs? -对错类A Shimi is a one-foot-tall robot.B Shimi is the creator创造者of the musical companion.C Shimi is a docking station with a“ brain” powered by an Android phone.D Shimi can gain the sensing and musical generation capabilities of the users mobile device.由于此对错题没有关键词，且涉及到文章前三段，排除范围会比较大。但可通过选项中的醒目词反向定位关键词找到答案的位置，排除选项A、C。结合“有相对性词往往是对的概念”，排除选项D。2.What does Shimi do if the user taps a beat? -细节类A It stores the beat in the musical library.B It transmits the beat to the docking station.C It positions its speakers for optimal sound.D It selects a perfectly完美的-matched匹配的song and plays it in sync with that beat.选项D与答案出处的原文是同义替换，不确定的情况下可借助字典排查3.Which of the following about Shimi is true? -对错类A Robots are limited by their programming instructions, and Shimi is no exception.B Present apps allow the user to shake their head to alert Shimi to skip to the next song.C Existing apps allow the user to wave a hand to alert Shimi to turn up/down the volume.D Shimi can be creative创造性的 and interactive互动的.有相对性词的优先考虑，由于about后为Shimi（机器人名），出现频率过高，需仔细寻找。4.What does the author want to tell us? -主题类A The research研究center中心is developing开发a stronger更强大的and more versatile多才多艺的Shimi.B Weinberg only expects staffs from Georgia Tech. to develop more apps for Shimi.C Shimi is not yet technologically ready for commercialization.D Robots such as Shimi are created for large corporations rather than homes.出现“author”一般为主题类题型，选答案时应结合文章中心句5.Which of the following is Weinbergs assertion主张?-态度观点类A Shimi as a robotic musical companion can be applied to all types of smart phones.B human lives will be filled with more fun if Shimi is going to arrive in homes.C Shimi's creative and interactive capabilities are appreciated by most of its users.D Weinberg has reached an agreement with Georgia Tech to commercialize Shimi.通过“assertion主张”将该题分类为态度观点类题，答案在全文倒数第二句话英汉对译 第十九篇 Musical Robot Companion Enhances Listener Experience音乐机器人伴侣提升音乐欣赏体验Shimi, a musical companion developed by Georgia Techs Center for Music Technology, recommends songs, dances to the beat and keeps the music pumping based on listener feedback. Shimi是由佐治亚理工大学音乐技术中心研发的一款音乐伴侣。它可以根据听者的反馈推荐合乎节拍的歌曲、舞蹈；并且不断播放音乐。The smartphone-enabled, one-foot-tall robot is billed as an interactive “musical friend”. 这款髙1英尺的机器人是由智能手机系统支持的，因此被标榜为“一个可以互动的音乐朋友”。“Shimi is designed to change the way that people enjoy and think about their music，” said Professor Gil Weinberg, the robots creator. Gil Weinberg教授是该机器人的发明者，他解释说：“Shimi设计的宗旨是改变人们欣赏音乐、认识音乐的方式。”He will unveil the robot at the June 27th Google I/O conference in San Francisco. 他将在今年6月27日在旧金山的谷歌I/O大会上展示这款机器人。A band of three Shimi robots will perform for guests, dancing in sync with music created in the lab and composed according to its movements. 一个由三个机器人组成的乐队将为来宾演奏，并伴随音乐起舞。而音乐是根据不同的运动形式编制的。Shimi is essentially a docking station with a “brain” powered by an Android phone. Shimi实际上是一个扩充基座，它的“大脑”由安卓手机控制。 Once docked, the robot gains the sensing and musical generation capabilities of the users mobile device. 一旦连接上，机器人便从用户的移动装置获得传感和音乐生成能力。In other words, if theres an “app” for that, Shimi is ready. 换言之，只要有应用程序，机器人便能使用。For instance, by using the phones camera and face-detecting software，Shimi can follow a listener around the room and position its “ears”，or speakers, for optimal sound. 例如，通过手机的照相机和辨认脸型的软件，Shimi就能在房间周围跟踪到听众，然后安置好它的“耳朵”或扬声器，以确保输送最佳声音。Another recognition feature is based on rhythm and tempo. 另外一种识别特征是基于节奏和速度。If the user taps a beat, Shimi analyzes it, scans the phones musical library and immediately plays the song that best matches the suggestion. Once the music starts，Shimi dances to the rhythm. 如果用户打出某个（音乐）拍子，Shimi会对此进行分析，然后浏览手机的音乐库，并立即演奏最符合要求的音乐。一旦音乐响起来，Shimi就随韵律起舞。“Many people think that robots are limited by their programming instructions, said Music Technology Ph. D. candidate Mason Bretan. “许多人认为机器人受到程序指令的限制，而Shiini给我们展示了机器人可以具有创造力和与人交互的能力。”音乐技术博士研究生Mason Bretan如是说。 “Shimi shows us that robots can be creative and interactive. Future apps in the works will allow the user to shake their head in disagreement or wave a hand in the air to alert Shimi to skip to the next song or increase/decrease the volume. 正在研发中的程序将使用户能沟通过摇头或摆手表示不同意，来提醒Shimi跳到下一首歌或增减音量。The robot will also have the capability to recommend new music based on the users song choices and provide feedback on the music play list. 机器人还可根据用户对歌曲的选择推荐新音乐，并对音乐播放列表提供反馈。Weinberg hopes other developers will be inspired to create more apps to expand Shimis creative and interactive capabilities. Weinberg希望其他研发者会因此获得灵感，开发更多的应用程序，来扩展Shimi的创新和交互功能。 “I believe that our center is ahead of a revolution that will see more robots in homes.” Weinberg s