2016年新牛津深圳版英语八年级上册第1单元知识要点(共5页).doc

精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上新牛津深圳版英语八年级上册第1单元知识要点一、单词：1. dollar 美元( dollars pl. ) 2. inventor 发明家( invent v.; invention n.)3. dinosaur 恐龙 4. musician 音乐家( music; musical adj. )5. Italian 意大利人( Italy ) 6. scientist 科学家(science n.;scientific adj.)7. include 包括；包含(= have ) 8. countryside 农村；乡村( country; side )9. artistic 有艺术天赋的(artist) 10. human 人的；人(= person; humans pl.)11. ability 才能；能力(able adj.) 12. win 获胜；战胜( won; won; winner )13. born 出生( be born ) 14. notebook 笔记本( note; book )15. however 然而( how; ever ) 16. even 甚至；更(eve;seven;eleven;event)17. nobody 没有人(= no one ) 18. perhaps 可能；大概(= maybe/ probably)19. suddenly 突然;忽然(sudden adj.) 20. intelligence 才智;智慧(intelligent; in; tell)附加：disappear = die out 1. painting 油画 everywhere = here and there = around 到处 engineer 工程师二、词组： 1. be(was/ were) born 出生 2. in the countryside 在农村；在乡村3. go for a walk 去散步 4. human being = person 人；人类5. die from/ of 因而死亡 6. find out 弄清；了解到；查清7. take photos 拍照；摄影 8. die out 灭绝；消失(= disappear)9. for example 例如 10. in/all over/around the world 遍及全世界11. more than = over 超过；多于 12. something important 重要的事情13. on Earth 在地球上 14. be connected/ joined to 与联系15. learn/ know about 了解；学到 16. be famous for/ as 因而著名/闻名17. since then 从那以后 18. be made up of= consist of 由组成19. lookup 查阅；查看 20. as small/ big as 与一样小/大三、句型结构：1. learn to do sth. 学做某事 2. remember to do sth. 记得做某事(未做)3. help sb. do sth. 帮助某人做某事 4. help sb. with sth. 在某方面帮助某人5. make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事 6. make sth/ sb adj. 使某物某人7. used to do sth. 过去经常做某事 8. sb be used to doing sth 某人习惯做某事四、语法： 1、some 与 any 的用法 2、不定代词1、some 与 any 的用法Some 和 any都是不定代词,表示“一些”的意思，它们既可以修饰可数名词( some / any apples),也可修饰不可数名词( some / any water ). some通常用肯定句中，改为否定句或疑问句时，要改为any ；另外，some还可用于含有情态动词表示委婉语气的疑问句中: May I ask you some questions? Would you like some tea?any 一般用于疑问句和否定句中. A: Do you have any apples/ bread? B: No, we dont have any apples/ bread. Some 也可修饰单数可数名词，此时some表示“某一个”的含义 , some day 某一天； some boy某个男孩 对比：some days 几天；some boys 几个男孩；而any 也可修饰单数可数名词，用于肯定句中，此时any 表示“任何一个”的含义 any boy 任何一个男孩 any day 任何一天You can ask some boy/ some boys to help you。 你可以叫某个男孩/几个男孩来帮助你。You can ask any boy to help you. 你可以叫任何一个男孩来帮助你。2、不定代词 ： A. 指人的不定代词：somebody/ someone(某人), anybody/ anyone(某人/任何人) everybody/ everyone(每个人), nobody/ no one(没有人) B. 指物的不定代词：something(某事/物), anything(任何事/物) everything(一切/ 所有事/物), nothing(没有事/物) C. 形容词修饰不定代词，形容词放在不定代词后： 不定代词 + 形容词 如： something interesting (有趣事物) something important (重要事物) D. 不定代词作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式：如： Everyone in our class likes English very much. Nothing is difficult if you put your heart in it. 备注：nobody = not anybody nothing = not anything There is nobody in the room. = There is not anybody in the room. The girl saw nothing. = The girl didn't see anyhting. 五、写作指导： 1、写作目标：每个人都有一次或几次难忘的经历。请你根据下面提示写一篇在你记忆深处的某次经历的英语短文。1）、什么经历？2）、发生在什么时候？3）、发生在什么地方？4）、你有何感受？ 2、作文指导：这是一篇提示作文，主要介绍你记忆深处某次难忘的经历。写作时，可按提示把时间、地点、过程介绍清楚便可，啊最后谈谈你的感受。注意时态应以一般过去时为主。 3、常用词汇或句型：One day, When I was I wont forget What a ! How ! 4、作文范文： When I was a little boy, I liked fishing very much. One day, I went fishing as usual. I sat on the grass for a long time, but there was no fish. I was a little disappointed(失望的). Then I had an idea - to catch fish in the pond. Then I went into the pond. I was very tired when I was in the center of the pond and I had no strength(力气) to swim back. I cried loudly. A man in the field came to save me at last. I thanked him very much. I wont forget him all my life.I. 选择填空(每小题1分，共25分)( )1. He wants to be a musician when he grows up. A. person who is proud of music very much B. person who is interested in music C. person who plays a musical instrument(乐器)as a job( )2. This house includes five bedrooms and two living rooms. A. takes B. has C. returns ( )3. She won the match. All the students felt happy for her. A. became interested in B. lost herself in C. got the first place in( )4. The teacher asked us a question yesterday, but nobody could answer it. A. no one B. someone C. everyone ( )5. I cant find out these things from the book. A. look at B. get some information about C. make any mistakes about( )6. The dog barked at the man suddenly. A. loudly B. quickly and surprisingly C. excitedly( )7. Dinosaurs all died out suddenly. A. went out B. disappeared C. appeared( )8. He will perhaps come here tonight. A. highly B. correctly C. probably ( )9. Dinosaurs lived on Earth before human beings. A. animals B. machines C. persons ( )10. It took over ten months to build the bridge. A. nearly B. less than C. more than( )11. A：Is James older than Tom? B：No, he is as old as Tom. A. older than B. the same age as C. younger than( )12. He has the ability to run very fast.A. likes B. tries C. is able ( )13. The baby panda was born on a cold winter evening. A. went to see a doctor B. left its parents C. came out of its mothers body( )14. There are about 50 students in our class. A. less than B. around C. on ( )15. I wish someone would invent clothing that cant be worn out. A. use B. produce for the first time C. put off( )16. A: What do you want _ in the future? B: _ inventor. The inventor is very great. A. to be; An B. be; An C. to be; The ( )17. A: Finishing the work needs _ intelligence. B: Really? But we still have to _ harder. A. much; work B. much; working C. a few; work ( )18. A: How much did he _ for his bike? B: Perhaps 100 _. A. pay; dollars B. pay; dollar C. spend; dollars( )19. A: Please_ information about dinosaurs in the encyclopaedia and then we will have a discussion tomorrow. B: OK. By the way, will _ need to make a speech during the discussion? A. look over; someone B. look up; anyone C. look up; anyone( )20. A: Would you like _ to eat? B: Yes. I am _ hungry. A. anything; little B. everything; a little C. something; a little( )21. A: I have _ to do now. Can you give me some advice? B: Why not _ the park with me? A. nothing; cleaning B. anything; clean C. nothing; clean( )22. A: He worked very hard to complete his work._, he was not successful. B: I think, he didnt _ the right way. A. However; find B. But; find C. However; look( )23. A: Did Tom show the ability _ from his early age? B: Of course not. He is good at singing _ he works hard. A. to sing; so B. to sing; because C. singing; so ( )24. A: Are your grades as _ as Susan? B: No. She does _ in English, but I am not. A. good; well B. well; good C. good; good ( )25. A: I have _ to tell you. Are you free now? B: Yes. _ is it? A. important anything;When B. important something; What C. something important;WhatII、句子填空：用所给单词的正确形式填空（每小题1分，共1 0分）1. He wants to make great (invent) when he grows up.2. When she heard the news, she (sudden) laughed.3. Yuan longping is a great (science) and he works hard all the year4. Please remember (bring) your homework tomorrow.5. I have a great English teacher. He helps me _ (learn) English.6. Peter used to _ (be) shy, but now he is outgoing.7. Drinking water is useful (keep) healthy.8. We are happy _ (meet) you here.9. My grandfather likes _ (have) a cup of water before breakfast10. May I have something _ (drink)? I am thirsty.专心-专注-专业