高考英语作文答题技巧(共8页).doc

精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上二、高考英语作文套题万能公式：对比观点题型（1） 要求论述两个对立的观点并给出自己的看法。1 有一些人认为.2 另一些人认为.3 我的看法.The topic of -（主题）is becoming more and more popular recently. There are two sides of opinions about it. Some people say A is their favorite. They hold their view for the reason of -（支持A的理由一）What is more, -理由二). Moreover, -(理由三).While others think that B is a better choice in the following three reasons. Firstly,-(支持B的理由一). Secondly (besides),-（理由二）. Thirdly (finally),-(理由三).From my point of view, I think -（我的观点）. The reason is that -(原因). As a matter of fact, there are some other reasons to explain my choice. For me, the former is surely a wise choice .（2） 给出一个观点，要求考生反对这一观点Some people believe that -（观点一）. For example, they think -（举例说明）And it will bring them -(为他们带来的好处). In my opinion, I never think this reason can be the point. For one thing,-(我不同意该看法的理由一). For another thing, -(反对的理由之二) Form all what I have said, I agree to the thought that -(我对文章所讨论主题的看法)阐述主题题型要求从一句话或一个主题出发，按照提纲的要求进行论述 阐述名言或主题所蕴涵的意义 分析并举例使其更充实The good old proverb -（名言或谚语）reminds us that -(释义). Indeed, we can learn many things form it.First of all,-(理由一). For example, -(举例说明). Secondly,-(理由二). Another case is that -(举例说明). Furthermore , -(理由三)In my opinion, -(我的观点). In short, whatever you do, please remember the say-A. If you understand it and apply it to your study or work, you”ll necessarily benefit a lot from it.解决方法题型要求考生列举出解决问题的多种途径 问题现状 怎样解决(解决方案的优缺点) In recent days, we have to face I problem-A, which is becoming more and more serious. First, -(说明的现状)Second, -(举例进一步说明现状) Confronted with A, we should take a series of effective measures to cope with the situation. For one thing, -(解决方法一). For another -(解决方法二). Finally, -(解决方法三).Personally, I believe that -(我的解决方法). Consequently, Im confident that a bright future is awaiting us because -(带来的好处).说明利弊题型这种题型往往要求先说明一下现状，再对比事物本身的利弊，有时也会单从一个角度（利或弊）出发，最后往往要求考生表明自己的态度（或对事物前景提出预测） 说明事物现状 事物本身的优缺点（或一方面） 你对现状（或前景）的看法Nowadays many people prefer A because it has a significant role in our daily life. Generally, its advantages can be seen as follows. First -(的优点之一). Besides -（的优点之二）.But every coin has two sides. The negative aspects are also apparent. One of the important disadvantages is that -(的第一个缺点)To make matters worse,-(的第二个缺点)Through the above analysis, I believe that the positive aspects overweigh the negative ones. Therefore, I would like to -(我的看法)(From the comparison between these positive and negative effects of A, we should take it reasonably and do it according to the circumstances we are in. Only by this way, -(对前景的预测)议论文的框架(1) 不同观点列举型（选择型）There is a widespread concern over the issue that _作文题目_. But it is well known that the opinion concerning this hot topic varies from person to person. A majority of people think that _ 观点一_. In their views there are 2 factors contributing to this attitude as follows: in the first place, _原因一_.Furthermore, in the second place, _原因二_. So it goes without saying that _观点一_. People,however,differintheiropinionsonthismatter.Somepeoplehold the idea that _观点二_. In their point of view, on the one hand， _原因一_. On the other hand, _原因二_. Therefore, thereis nodoubtthat _观点二_.As far as I am concerned, Ifirmlysupporttheviewthat _观点一或二_.Itis not only because _, but also because _. The more _, the more _. （2）利弊型的议论文Nowadays, there is a widespread concern over (the issue that)_作文题目_. In fact, there are both advantages and disadvantages in _题目议题_. Generally speaking, it is widely believed there are several positive aspects as follows. Firstly, _优点一_. And secondly _优点二_. Just As a popular saying goes, "every coin has two sides", _讨论议题_ is no exception, and in another word, it still has negative aspects. To begin with, _缺点一_. In addition, _缺点二_. To sum up, we should try to bring the advantages of _讨论议题_ into full play, and reduce the disadvantages to the minimum at the same time. In that case, we will definitely make a better use of the _讨论议题_.( 3 ) 答题性议论文Currently, there is a widespread concern over (the issue that)_作文题目_ .It is really an important concern to every one of us. As a result, we must spare no efforts to take some measures to solve this problem.As we know that there are many steps which can be taken to undo this problem. First of all, _途径一_. In addition, another way contributing to success of the solving problem is _途径二_.Above all, to solve the problem of _作文题目_, we should find a number of various ways. But as far as I am concerned, I would prefer to solve the problem in this way, that is to say, _方法_.( 4 ) 谚语警句性议论文It is well know to us that the proverb: " _谚语_" has a profound significance and value not only in our job but also in our study. It means _谚语的含义_. The saying can be illustrated through a series of examples as follows. ( also theoretically )A case in point is _例子一_. Therefore, it is goes without saying that it is of great of importance to practice the proverb _谚语_.With the rapid development of science and technology in China, an increasing number of people come to realize that it is also of practical use to stick to the saying: _谚语_. The more we are aware of the significance of this famous saying, the more benefits we will get in our daily study and job.图表作文的框架as is shown/indicated/illustrated by the figure/percentage inthetable(graph/picture/pie/chart), _作文题目的议题_ has been on rise/ decrease (goesup/increases/drops/decreases),significantly/dramatically/steadily rising/decreasing from_ in _ to _ in _. From the sharp/marked decline/ rise in the chart, it goes without saying that _.Thereareatleasttwogoodreasons accounting for _. Ontheonehand, _. Onthe otherhand,_ isduetothefactthat _.Inaddition, _ isresponsiblefor _.Maybetherearesomeotherreasonstoshow _.Butitisgenerallybelievedthattheabovementionedreasonsarecommonly convincing. AsfarasIamconcerned,I hold the point of view that _. Iamsuremyopinionisboth soundandwell-grounded. 实用性写作（申请信 )Your addressMonth, Date, yearReceiver's addressDear .,I am extremely pleased to hear from you./ to see your advertisement for the position in . And I would like to write a letter to tell you that./ I am confident that I am suitable for the kind of the job you are advertising./ I feel I am competent to meet the requirements you have listed. On the one hand, . On the other hand, . I am enclosing my resume for your kind consideration and reference.I shall be much obliged if you will offer me a precious opportunity to an interview. I will greatly appreciate a response from you at your earliest convenience/ I am looking forward to your replies at your earliest convenience.Best regards for your health and success.Sincerely yours,X X X  三、高考语文现代文规范答题模式：一、有关语言修辞的题型: 描绘类 提问方式：某句话中某个词换成另一个行吗？为什么？或：文章的某个句子说成另一个句子好不好？为什么？ 答题模式：不行。因为该词生动具体（形象、准确）地写出了对象效果，换了后就变成不好的效果。或：不行，因为该词比另一词的感情更强烈（或该词比另一词更切合对象的性格特征）。 结构类 提问方式：某两个或三个词的顺序能否调换？为什么？ 答题模式：不能。因为（1）与人们认识事物的规律（由浅入深、由表入里、由现象到本质）不一致（2）该词与上文是一一对应的关系（3）这些词是递进关系，环环相扣，表达了修辞类 提问方式：这句话运用了什么修辞方法？这样写在表达上有什么好处？     答题模式：确认修辞手法修辞本身的作用结合句子语境     1. 比喻、拟人：生动形象地写出了对象特性。 2. 排比：有气势，加强语气，一气呵成；层层铺开，逐步扩大，对点明主旨起强化作用等；强调了对象特性 3. 对比：强调了突出了    4. 设问：引起读者对对象特性的注意和思考     5. 反问：强调，加强语气等； 6. 反复：强调了加强语气  二、有关布局谋篇的题型:提问方式：某句（段）话在文中有什么作用？ 答题模式： 1.文首：开篇点题；照应题目；总领全文；渲染气氛，埋下伏笔；设置悬念，为下文作辅垫。 2.文中：承上启下；总领下文；总结上文；呼应前文。 3.文末：点明中心；升华感情，深化主题；照应开头，结构严谨；画龙点睛；言有尽而意无穷。 三、有关表现手法的题型:艺术类 提问方式：文章这样写有什么好处、效果、作用？ 答题模式：使用的方法内容效果（或作用） 人称类   提问方式：使用这种人称写的好处是什么？或：为什么要改变人称？ 答题模式：第一人称：亲切、自然、真实，适于心理描写；第二人称：便于感情交流，进行抒情，还能起拟人化的作用；第三人称：显得客观冷静，不受时空限制，便于叙事和议论。 四、有关归纳内容要点的题型:提问方式：请概括某一段（或全文）的内容要点。   答题模式：分三步走，第一步划分本段的层次，第二步提取要点词语，第三步整合答案。 五、有关鉴赏人物形象的题型:提问方式：请简要分析文中的主人公的形象 答题模式：按总分（分总）来回答。先用一句话从整体上对该人物作出一个定性分析，然后再从几个方面作定量分析；也可以先从几个方面作定量分析，然后再用一句话作定性式的总括。                                        二基本格式：   赏析“主题思想及其表现”的常用格式： a、本文通过记叙（描写），表达了作者的思想感情 b、是的主题 赏析艺术手法： 本文主要采用了的艺术手法，生动形象地表现了，具有很强的艺术感染力（手法表达效果） 构思技巧：     a、是构思上最突出的特点     b、构思上最大的特点是 、主体部分       基本要求： 紧扣领起段提出的观点分析边叙边议 注意条理，适当运用序数词适当提段 、总结段        基本要求： 再现观点 运用术语（如“总之”“综上所述”“总而言之”等） （一）主题思想：        立意深刻独到，鞭辟入里；突破定势，标新立异；主旨深远，意韵丰富；言近旨远，耐人寻味；言有尽而意无穷；人无我有，人有我奇；意境深远 （二）构思技巧：     构思，是作者对自己将要动手写作的文章从内容到形式所作的总体设想。构思的外在表现形式为文章结构。文章的构思技巧主要从作品的立意、选材、结构安排、体裁、意境、表现手法等方面去判别。常见的鉴赏角度和术语：     从立意的构思及其表现看，常用术语有 开门见山、见解独到、画龙点睛、卒章显志、形散神聚、以小见大、发人深省、托物言志、寓言寄意、对比反衬、欲扬先抑、欲抑先扬、欲擒故纵、反弹琵琶、逆向思维等。     从选材组材的构思及其表现看，常用术语有 以小见大、以点带面，正反映衬（对比对照）、摇曳多姿，形散神聚、巧设线索、明暗交织，选材典型、多角度描写、详略得当等。     从结构安排（或者说上下文的关系）的构思看，常用术语有： 前后照应（首尾呼应）、层层铺垫、巧设伏笔（铺垫）、巧设悬念、巧妙勾连，层层推进（层层深入、步步递进）、层层剥笋，对比烘托、摇曳多姿，红线串珠（彩线串珠）、行散神聚、浑然天成，总分总式，并列结构，纵横捭阖、开合自如，情节波澜、张弛有度等。     赏析意境、表现手法等方面的构思技巧，常用术语有 虚实结合、虚实相生、思维严密、构思精巧、不落窠臼、运用蒙太奇手法等 （三）艺术手法：        1.表达方式：叙述、描写、议论、抒情、说明等。     2.表现手法：比兴，联想和想象，象征， 烘托，对比，渲染，用典，讽喻     3.修辞手法：比喻、拟人、排比、反复、对偶等。     4.写作技巧：以动衬静，动静结合；虚实结合；点面结合；侧面描写；粗笔勾勒；工笔细描；绘形绘声绘色；    5.描写手法：肖像描写、动作描写、心理描写、环境描写（景物描写）、细节描写等。     6.抒情方式：直接抒情（直抒胸臆），间接抒情（情景交融、借景抒情、托物言志、借景抒情、寓情于景、情景交融、情景相生、以乐景衬哀情）。 （四）语言特色：        清新明快，简洁洗练，含而不露，简笔勾勒，浓墨重彩，体物入微，穷形尽相，诗情画意，富有哲理，耐人寻味，形神兼备，语言浅近明白如话，言简意丰，行云流水，平实质朴，诙谐幽默，辛辣讽刺，准确精当，形象生动，惟妙惟肖，淋漓尽致，留有空白，情韵悠长，力透纸背，入木三分。 专心-专注-专业