初中英语语法专题讲解--定语从句(共1页).doc

精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上定语从句定语从句在主从复合句中起定语作用，修饰主句中的名词或代词，被定语从句修饰的词叫作先行词，定语从句一般放在它所修饰名词或代词之后。定语从句主要由关系代词who，whom，whose，which，that和关系副词when，where，why所引导。它们在意义上代表先行词，同时在定语从句中担任某种成分，但没有疑问的意义。定语从句分限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句两种。（一）关系代词的用法1 who指人，是主格，在定语从句中作主语。Whom指人，是宾格，在定语从句中作宾语，在非正式文体、口语中常可以省去。Whose指人或事物，是所有格，在定语从句中作定语。 如， The tall man who is standing over there is my brother.（who is standing over there是关系代词who引导的定语从句，用以修饰who的先行词man，who在从句中作主语）2， that多用来指物，有时也指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，指物时的用法与which基本相同，作宾语常可省略。 如， Who is the man that is speaking at the meeting?（that is speaking at the meeting是关系代词that引导的定语从句，用以修饰that的先行词man，that在从句中作主语）注意：先行词是物时，一般情况既可用that也可用which.但下列情况下，只能用that不用which。1).当先行词为指物的不定代词，如all、everything、something、anything、nothing、none、the one等时，只能用that。There is nothing that I can do for you .2).当先行词被the only、the very 、the last、all、no、little等词修饰时，只能用that。This is the very book that Im looking for .3).先行词被序数词修饰时，只能用that 。This is the first nextbook that I studied in the middle school .4).先行词为最高级或被最高级修饰时，只能用that。This is the most beautiful mountain that I have ever seen . 5).先行词既有人也有物时，只能that 。He told us many interesting things and persons that we had .3, which指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。如， The assistant showed me the book (which) I wanted to buy.( which I wanted to buy是关系代词which引导的定语从句，用以修饰which的先行词book，which在从句中作宾语，因此可省略)（一） ，关系副词的用法1， where: 先行词是表示地点的名词,在定语从句中作地点状语引导。 如， The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down.2,when: 先行词是表示时间的名词,在定语从句中作时间状语.如，I still remember the day when I first came to the school.专心-专注-专业