小升初英语衔接班第4讲(共9页).doc
精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上一. 教学内容：小升初英语衔接班第4讲重点语法串讲 二. 重点、难点：1. 初学简单句2. 情态动词群英会 三. 具体内容：初学简单句学好初中阶段简单句的五种基本句型，对于提高同学们的听、说、读、写、译能力有至关重要的作用。下面我们就一起再来回顾一下简单句的五种基本句型吧！（一）主语+谓语动词解读：在此句型中，谓语动词是不及物动词，其后没有宾语。有时为了表示动作发生的频率、原因、结果、目的、场所、时间等，可以带状语修饰动词。如：My head aches. 我头疼。 （二）主语+谓语动词+宾语解读：该句型中的谓语动词是及物动词，其后必须跟宾语才能使句意表达完整、准确。宾语可以由名词、代词或相当于名词的词或短语充当。如：I finished reading the book. 我读完了这本书。 （三）主语+谓语动词+表语解读：此句型中的谓语动词是系动词，它本身有一定含义，但不能单独作谓语，它必须和表语一起构成谓语。表语通常由名词、形容词、代词、数词、介词短语及不定式结构等充当。如：1. My books are on the desk. 我的书在书桌上。 2. The food seems to be nice. 这食物似乎不错。点击一：系动词有两类，一类是说明情况的：be，look，feel，seem，taste，sound，smell等；另一类是表示变化的：become，get，turn，grow等。点击二：初中阶段学过的只能作表语的形容词有：alone, asleep, afraid, alive等。 （四）主语+谓语动词+间宾+直宾 解读：在该句型中，间接宾语有时也可以改成一个由to或for引起的短语，放在直接宾语之后，即构成“主语+谓语+直宾+介词+间宾”的句型。如：1. Could you pass me the salt?（= Could you pass the salt to me?）请你把盐给我好吗？2. Uncle Wang made the farmers many machines.（=Uncle Wang made many machines for the farmers. ）王叔叔给农民们制造了很多机器。点击一：须在间接宾语前加to的常见动词有：give，show，send，bring，pass，lend， tell，teach等；须在间接宾语前加for的常见动词有：make，buy，do，sing，cook，find等。点击二：如果直接宾语为人称代词宾格时，则只能用“主语+谓语+直宾+介词+间宾”的表达形式。如：Ill show it to my brother.我要把它给我的弟弟看。 （五）主语+谓语动词+宾语+宾补解读：宾补的作用是说明宾语的动作或状态。它可以由名词、形容词、副词、动词不定式和介词短语等充当。如：1. Please keep the classroom clean. 请保持教室清洁。2. She asked me to call him again. 她让我再给他打个电话。点击一：使役动词make, let, have等后接不带to的不定式作宾补。如：He made me work twelve hours a day. 他让我一天工作十二小时。点击二：感官动词see, hear, watch, feel, notice等后既可接不带to的不定式作宾补，也可用v-ing形式作宾补。前者表示动作已结束，后者表示动作正在发生。试比较：1. He saw a girl get on the bus.他看见一个女孩上车了（上车的动作已经结束）。2. He saw a girl getting on the bus.他看见一个女孩在上车（上车的动作正在进行）。情态动词群英会情态动词表示说话人的语气和情态，它们没有人称和数的变化（ have to除外），且不能单独作谓语，必须和主要动词一起构成句子的谓语动词。初中阶段出现的情态动词主要有：can，may，must，have to，need，should等。can意为“能；会；可以”。表示能力，其否定式是cannot=cant。如：She can sing. 她会唱歌。表示请求许可。Can I . ? 意思是“我可以吗？”，较口语化。can的过去式是could，表示过去的能力。如：Lucy could swim at the age of five. 露西五岁时就会游泳了。could也可表示较can更为委婉的语气。如：Could you help me? 帮帮我好吗？can表示推测时，常用于否定句和疑问句中。若是疑问句，其肯定回答用may或must。如：Where can it be? 它会在哪里呢？It may/must be in your desk . 它可能/一定在你的课桌里。may意为“可以；可能”。表示请求、许可。如：May I look at your CD player? 我可以看一下你的CD机吗？表示可能性（说话人的猜测），常用于肯定句中。如：Your sister may be waiting for you now. 你妹妹可能现在正在等你呢。must意为“必须；应该；一定”。表示说话人的主观意志，表示必须要做的。如：We must finish reading the book in two weeks. 我们必须在两周内看完这本书。表示说话人对事物的推测，语气比may肯定，只用于肯定句中。如：Mr. Liu must be in the office. 刘老师一定在办公室。have to意为“必须；不得不”，有人称、时态和数的变化，后跟动词原形，表示客观需要。如：When I was your age，I already had to work. need作情态动词时，意为“需要”，常用于疑问句和否定句中。如：Need you help him study? 你需要帮助他学习吗？You must not take the book out of the classroom.你不能把这本书拿出教室。以may引起的一般疑问句，否定回答多用mustnt；以must引起的一般疑问句，否定回答多用neednt；而以need引起的一般疑问句，肯定回答要用must。如：1. May I come in? 我可以进来吗？No, you mustnt. 不，不行。2. Must we clean the windows now? 我们现在必须擦窗户吗？ No, you neednt. 不，用不着现在擦。3. Need I go there tomorrow? 明天我需要去那里吗？ Yes, you must. 是的，需要。 【模拟试题】一. 词汇（每小题1分，共15分）（A）根据句意及首字母提示，补全所缺单词。1. Her sister works in a restaurant. She is a w_.2. He often goes to the library to b_ some interesting books.3. H_ is one of the most interesting subjects. I like it a lot.4. If you want to c_ a street, you must wait for the green light.5. Its too d_ to play football in the street.（B）根据括号内的汉语，用适当的英语单词填空。6. The book “ Who Moved My _（奶酪）? ” is a very good one, I think. 7. I want to buy some _（土豆）.8. Who picked _（更少些）apples, Tom or John?9. His family moved to Beijing because he found a good _（工作）there.10. You must be more careful. That car _（差点儿）hit you. （C）根据句意用所给单词的适当形式填空。 11. All the _（visit）must wait in the waiting room.12. Its not far. Its only five _（minute）walk.13. Its easy to get _（lose）in a big city like Shanghai.14. They are _（friend）to each other.15. Dont talk in class. The teacher will not be _（please）if you talk. 二. 单项选择（每小题1分，共15分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。（ ）16. You mustnt play football in the street because theres _ traffic. A car may hit you. A. much too B. too much C. too many D. many too （ ）17. My daughter ate a lot of ice cream in school. _ .A. So did she B. She did so C. So she did D. So was she（ ）18. Ill call you when my mother _ Wuhan tomorrow.A. get to B. arrives C. reaches D. arrive at （ ）19. The headmaster stopped _ to us because there was a call for him. A. talking B. to talk C. saying D. to say （ ）20. I havent heard from Bill _ he left here. A. when B. before C. since D. while （ ）21. How long may I _ this book? Two weeks.A. keep B. borrow C. lend D. buy（ ）22. This book _ Lucys. Look! Her name is on the book cover. A. must be B. may be C. cant be D. mustnt be （ ）23. You will stay healthy _ you do more exercise, such as running and walking. A. if B. when C. before D. where（ ）24. Everyone _ here. Lets start our class.A. am B. is C. are D. be （ ）25. I cant find the key _ my bike. So I have to walk home.A. of B. for C. to D. on（ ）26. Can I have a look at your picture? Certainly. _.A. Here is it B. Here it is C. Here they are D. Here are you （ ）27. She _ come tomorrow, or she _, Im not sure .A. can, cant B. may, cant C. must, mustnt D. may, may not （ ）28. Tonight we will have _to eat.A. something delicious B. delicious something C. anything delicious D. delicious anything （ ）29. I bought _ exercise-books with _ money yesterday. A. a few, a few B. a few, a little C. a little, a few D. a little, a little （ ）30. _ Lily _ Lucy may go with you because one of them must stay at home. A. Not, but B. Neither, nor C. Both, and D. Either, or 三. 句型转换（每小题1分，共10分）（A）按要求改写下列句子，每空一词（含缩写）。31. They are very happy to see each other.（改为感叹句）_ _ they are to see each other!32. All the workers had to stay there last year.（改为反意疑问句）All the workers had to stay there last year, _ _?33. The lady went to the hospital because her back hurt.（对划线部分提问）_ _ the lady go to the hospital?34. Id like to have dinner with them.（改为一般疑问句）_ _ like to have dinner with them?35. Both you and he are good at swimming.（改为否定句）_ you _ he is good at swimming. （B）根据上句完成下句，使上下两句意思相同或相近，每空一词（含缩写）。 36. They had a good time yesterday in the park.They _ _ yesterday in the park.37. How can I get to the bookshop?Can you tell me the _ _ the book-shop?38. Hurry up, or you wont catch the early bus._ you _ hurry up, you wont catch the early bus.39. She bought nothing for her son yesterday.She _ buy _ for her son yesterday.40. Chinese food is more delicious than any other kind of food, I think.Chinese food is _ _ delicious of all the food, I think. 四. 补全对话（每小题1分，共5分）用下面所给的句子填空，使对话意思完整。A. Would you like some? B. Its very kind of you!C. Oh, no. D. Another cup of tea?E. It must be delicious. A：Its very cold this morning. Would you like a cup of hot tea?B：Yes. 41 A：With sugar?B： 42 I dont like sugar.A：But you had tea with sugar last year, didnt you?B：Yes, but the doctor has told me its bad for me to have that.A：I see. Heres something cooked at home. 43 B： 44 But I had breakfast half an hour ago. I am full now.A： 45 B：No, thanks. Thats enough. 五. 完形填空（每小题1分，共10分） 通读短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题后所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。Peter telephoned his girl-friend Joan. He said, “ Ive got two tickets 46 the film tonight. Please 47 me outside my office. Well get 48 to eat and then go to the cinema.”Joan was 49 . She liked going to the cinema. Joan met Peter outside his office. First they had a 50 in a small restaurant and then 51 their way to the cinema. It took them half an hour to get there.At the entrance Peter took out his wallet to get the tickets, 52 they werent in it. “ 53 they are in your pockets.” said Joan. They were not there, either.“ Whats 54 ? Where are the tickets? ” asked Joan.Peter thought for a moment. Then he said, “I remember now. I must put them in my desk. Ive 55 them in the office. Im very sorry, Joan.”“It doesnt matter. Its fun to have a walk at night, isnt it?”（ ）46. A. at B. of C. for D. into（ ）47. A. phone B. drive C. help D. meet（ ）48. A. something B. anything C. everything D. nothing（ ）49. A. happy B. sorry C. worried D. right（ ）50. A. seats B. breakfast C. meal D. things（ ）51. A. did B. made C. moved D. left（ ）52. A. but B. and C. so D. or（ ）53. A. May B. Must C. Maybe D. Will（ ）54. A. matter B. that C. it D. wrong（ ）55. A. left B. forgotten C. threw D. caught 六. 阅读理解（每小题2分，共30分）阅读下面短文，根据其内容选择最佳答案。AMrs. Jones gave music lessons at a school. She had a good voice and enjoyed singing. The only problem was that some of her high notes（音符）sounded like a gate that someone had forgotten to oil（上油）. Mrs. Jones knew this and practiced these high notes when she was free. As she lived in a small house in a faraway place, she often went for long walks along the country roads and practiced the high notes there. Every time she heard a car or a person coming along the road, she stopped and waited until the car or the person was in front of her. One day a car suddenly stopped and a man jumped out and began to look at his car carefully. To his great surprise, he couldnt find anything wrong with it. He got back into the car and drove off（ ）56. Mrs. Jones was _.A. a music teacher B. an art teacherC. a bus driver D. a singer（ ）57. If she heard a car or a person coming along the road, she would _.A. go for a walk along the country roadB. stop singing and waitC. keep on practicingD. make a sound like a gate that someone had forgotten to oil（ ）58. It was difficult for the woman _ .A. to sing low notes B. to sing high notesC. to have a good voice D. to enjoy singing（ ）59. The driver didnt hear the woman singing, did he?A. Yes, he did. B. No, he didnt. C. We didnt know. D. He heard the song.（ ）60. Why did the driver stop his car suddenly?A. Because he thought there was something wrong with his car.B. Because he drove too fast.C. Because he wanted to say hello to Mrs. Jones.D. Because he enjoyed Mrs. Jones voice. BBob was clever, but he never worked hard at his lessons. “I must make Bob work more and play less,” his father said to himself. “I must let Bob know I care about his study very much.” So he wrote down some questions. He was going to ask Bob two or three questions each day, and decided to begin with the simplest ones.That evening when Bob came home from school, his father brought up the first question. “Bob,” said his father, “how many letters are there in the alphabet?” “I dont know,” Bob said. “You dont know?” the father looked unhappy. “You started school two years ago, and you dont even know how many letters there are in the alphabet?” “Is that so surprising? Well, let me ask you a question, Dad. You started to work in the post office five years ago, didnt you?”“Yes?” Bobs father was confused（迷惑的）. “Then can you tell me how many letters there are in the letter-box over there?”（ ）61. Why was Bob bad at his subjects?A. Because he wasnt clever enough.B. Because he never went to school.C. Because he didnt work hard at his lessons.D. Because his father had no time to help him.（ ）62. What did the father decide to do?A. He decided to give Bob some easy homework to do every day.B. He decided to ask Bob to write down some questions each day.C. He decided to begin with the hardest questions.D. He decided to ask Bob a few questions each day.（ ）63. Whats the Chinese meaning of “ alphabet ” ?A. Its “词典”. B. Its “字母表”.C. Its “邮局”. D. Its “音标”.（ ）64. How long was Bob at school?A. Five years. B. Two weeks. C. Four seasons. D. Twenty-four months.（ ）65.Which of the following is right?A. Bob learned something very slowly.B. The father didnt work in a post office.C. Bob knew the answer to his fathers question.D. The father could not answer his sons question. CIve loved my mothers desk since I was just tall enough to see above the top of it as Mother sat writing letters. Standing by her chair, looking at the ink bottle, pens and white paper, I decided that the act of writing must be the most wonderful thing in the world. Years later, during her final illness, Mother kept different things for my sister and brother. “But the desk,” she said again, “its for Elizabeth.”I never saw her angry, never saw her cry. I knew she loved me; she showed it in action. But as a young girl, I wanted heart-to-heart talks between mother and daughter. They never happened. And a gulf opened between us. I was “too emotional（易动感情的）”. But she lived “on the surface（表面）”. As years passed I had my own family. I loved my mother and thanked her for our happy family. I wrote to her in careful words and asked her to let me know in any way she chose that she did forgive（原谅）me. I posted the letter and waited for her answer. None came. My hope turned to disappointment（失望）, then little interest and, finally, peaceit seemed that nothing happened. I couldnt be sure that the letter had even got to mother. I only knew that I had written it, and I could stop trying to make her into s
