华夏大地-高伟主讲-自考英语二重点班讲义(共48页).doc
精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上第一单元知识点的回顾 Text A1. choose-choice：词型转换经常考，同时注意该词的过去式和过去完成式。2. available:这个词考的频率很高。换句话说，如果在答案中出现了该词，从词义上应该给予其优先考虑。这个词出现的句子中经常会同时出现ticket, food, book等。3. decide-decision，注意词性上的变化。4. purpose:这个词一旦出现，它既可以考本词的意思，也可以考后面的谓语动词的形式，记住：凡是出现purpose, aim, objective, plan，dream, goal等有含有目的性的词，后面的谓语动词一定是to do的形式，同时关注这些词是否为复数形式，如果是，谓语动词一定是复数的。5. achieve-achievement，注意词型上转换。6. in the way:妨碍，挡路，阻碍。区别in a way：从某种程度上。on the way (to)在去路上(on the way home)和by the way：顺便说一句。7. involve-involvement(in)：注意词型转换，词义及介词搭配。8. consider-consideration。注意词型上的转换，同时牢记take into consideration(account)，如果单独考本词，后面的动词一定是+ing形式(动名词)，但注意主动和被动含义上的区别。9. make a guess at:注意固定习语的搭配。10. certain-certainly-certainty-uncertainty：注意词性和词义上的转换。11. risk:注意后面接ing的动名词形式。12. sometimes;at other times:注意前后句型上的搭配，很有可能在完型里考。13. range：这个词应该注意经常考的方式，range fromto，句子中经常会出现price,或地点等波及到范围上的词汇。14. a number of/the number of：注意区别后面的谓语动词的单、复数。15. (be)based on/upon：注意搭配，完型常考。16. therefore：学会so的另一种表达方式，说明结果，完型常考(=consequently，本词还需要注意词型转换consequent/consequence)。17. treat:注意搭配及同义词组，treatas, seeas, viewas;另外treat the problem=deal with=cope with。18. simplify:注意词根simple,动词化后变成了该词，该词经常考，比如“把演讲的内容、把陈述/问题等简单化”等等，前面一般会出现complex/complicate(复杂的)/difficult/hard to understand。19. tend to：无论是本词，还是其名词形式tendency，都注意与to形成搭配。20. as well as：注意前后词态上的一致性，完型和一致性经常考。21. contribute to：无论是动词形式，还是名词形式contribution，都代表了“对贡献”、“促进”，同时注意to为介词，后面一定要用动名词形式。22. depend on/upon：一定注意词组的搭配，同时如果后面出现动词用动名词形式。23. less than-more than：注意两词组含义上差别，同时在句子中很可能出现考查形容词比较级的问题，完型常考。24. effect(have effect on)-effective-effectively：注意词性方面的转化。25. be beneficial to: 注意词组含义，同时注意与benefit(from)之间的转化。26. in part(部分地)-on the part of(就而言)-partially：与part有关的考点就这些。27. When presented with:注意句型，“当面临着”，翻译题中常考。28. person(in person)-personal-personally-personality:注意词性的转化。29. accept-acceptable-unacceptable：注意词性转换及含义上的反差。30. cause=bring about=result in，导致，引起31. isolate-isolation，注意搭配，isolate from隔离，分开。句中可能会出现patient(患者)、人与人之间的隔离或地域方面由于灾难性造成隔离等方面的词汇。32. point of view：注意词组的完整表达方式。33. intended-unintended :注意词性转换及动词搭配(to)。Text B1. apply for/apply to-application:前者表示申请，经常句中会出现job/position，后者表达“应用”。2. indifference to(indifferent to)：对漠不关心，注意搭配及含义(阅读的问题中经常出现该词，考察大家对作者写作的态度)。3. speech-speechless，注意含义上的反差，会在word form中考。4. clarify-clarification：注意词性转化。5. efficient(ly)-inefficient(ly)-efficiency-inefficiency：注意词性转换及词义上的改变，词型转换常考。6. find oneself doing(done):注意后面动词的形式，主动=ing，被动=ed。7. in hand：注意词组含义，区别at hand。8. in case：注意词组含义及在虚拟语气中的用法(从句中使用动词原形)。9. like-likely(unlikely)-likelihood:一定要区别开，后两者表示“可能的/可能性”，形成固定搭配be likely to do。unlike-dislike：前者表示“不像”，后者表示“厌恶”。10. pain-painful：注意词性转换。11. turn down:注意turn与其他介词的搭配。12. on the spot:注意词组含义。13. as for-as to：都表示“关于，至于”，但as for常用来引出主题的改变，用在句首，含贬义。第二单元重点内容的回顾Text A1. adequate-inadequate:注意词意上的反差。2. escape from:首先注意词组的搭配，其次escape后面需使用动名词，但需要注意主动和被动含义。3. or so:注意词组含义，经常会在完型填空内考，尤其or。4. explode-explosion:注意词性的变换。5. dense-density: 注意词性的变换，常与fog, air, population等词连用。6. sothat：注意句型上的前后搭配，经常在完型中出现。7. have idea of+n./Ving：“有想法或主意”，注意前后搭配，完型中常考。8. in theory:注意词组搭配。9. behave-behavior：注意词性转换。10. fall into:注意介词搭配，并关注与fall有关的所有词组。11. It is only recently that：注意句型，同时注意recently一出现，整个句子中需使用现在完成时。12. research into:注意词组搭配。13. convince-convincing-convincingly: 注意词性的变换。14. visible-invisible-vision: 注意词意上的反差。15. atrate/speed:注意介词的用法。16. make(better/best)use of:注意词组含义及搭配。17. sound like-look like-feel like：注意固定搭配及词组含义。Text B1.make up/make up for:前者是“组成”，后者是“弥补”，该词组常考。2.keep(from)doing：注意句型要求用动名词形式。完型和语法中经常考。3.cloud-cloudless:注意词意上的反差。4.more or less:注意词组含义，经常在完型和翻译中考查。5.asas:注意中间用形容词和副词的原形。6.consist of:注意词组含义，并注意该词组不需要使用被动语态。7.color-colorful-colorless-colored；注意词型上的各种变化，在句子中的含义会发生变化。8.undercircumstances：注意介词搭配，完形常考。9.make a difference:注意词组含义。10.It is true to say that：注意句型，翻译常考。11.the more,the better：注意句型及含义，“越，越”。完型和词型转换经常考。第二部分：令人头疼的语法点回顾作为英语学习者，最头疼的莫过于是英语语法的学习，今天我就动词时态的问题做部分详细的回顾。1、现在时：经常考察真实条件/时间状语从句用现在时代替将来的用法，就是说从句中必须用现在时来表示，而主句用将来时表示。需要注意的另一点：现在时还表示普遍真理和事实，如水开的温度、科学现象，社会现象等。2、过去时：句子中必须出现明显的说明“过去”的时间状语，如ago, at that time, then等。在使用时注意动词过去式的变化，尤其在被动情况下。3、现在完成时：表示到现在为止已经完成的行为或已经终止的状态或一直持续到现在的行为或状态。强调对现在已经有一定的影响或结果(already, lately, rarely, recently, for the past years, so far, since, for a long time, up till now)。做题目时问问自己，动作完事儿了吗？完事了，用完成，小心被动。试试：(1)He several books on computer in the past few years.A. has translated B. translated C. had translated D. was translating解析：看见什么了？选A。现在完成时(2)Since the Great Depression of 1929, most countries .现在完成时A. has making a successful recoveryB. had made a successful recoveryC. has made a successful recoveryD. have made a successful recovery解析：看见嘛啦？选吧，D。需要注意两个句型：公式1：It(This)is (will be) the first(last, second)time that，that后面一定要用现在完成时have done表示。公式2：It is the best(worst, most interesting)+名词+that，that后面一定要用现在完成时表示。试试：1、You will hardly believe it, but this is the third time tonight someone me.A. telephoned B. has telephoned C. telephones D. should telephone解析：公式几？选择B。2、This is the most interesting novel he .A. has ever written B. ever wrote C. ever writes D. will ever write解析：公式几？选择A。注意：这种题目在英语2中经常会在word form中偶然出来一个，小心。第三部分：实战演练-真刀真枪玩儿命啊！下面就词汇部分的解题思路来进行一下实战练习吧。1. Too much to X-ray can cause skin burns, cancer or other damage to the body.A. disclosure B. exhibition C. contact D. exposure解析：根据本句含义，表达“暴露于”，选择D。2.When travelling, you are advised to take travellers check, which provide a secure to carrying your money in cash.A. substitute B. selection C. preference D. alternative解析：句子含义明显表明“二者择一”，选择D。3. When typing, Helen has a habit of stopping to give her long and flowing hair a smooth.A. occasionally B. simultaneously C. eventually D. promptly解析：根据句子含义表示“偶然地，间或”，选择A。4. The supervisor didnt have time so far to go into it , but he gave us an idea about his plan.A. at hand B. in turn C. in conclusion D. at length解析：句子含义中表示的是“详细地”，选择D。5. As your instructor advised, you ought to spend your time on something researching into.A. precious B. worth C. worthy D. valuable解析：根据句子含义，“值得做”，选择B。6.The boss has rejected the workers demand that their wages (raise)by 10 percent.解析：看见什么了？对了，demand！后面一定是虚拟语气的考点之动词原形，注意句子含义为被动，填写be raised。汉译英：1、 我目前的目标是通过驾驶考试。解析：My objective(aim) for the present(now) is to pass the driving test.2、所有的订单必须随附现金。解析：All orders must be accompanied(attached) with cash.3、她已经表明自己在这些问题上的立场。解析：She has defined(demonstrated/showed)her position(attitude) on the issues(problems).4、据报道，那个人被一辆美丽的火车撞倒了。解析：As is reported(It is reported that),the man was knocked down by a lovely(beautiful)train. 发奖啦！1、Although Lucy was slimming, she found cream cakes quite .A. irregular B. inevitable C. incredible D. irresistible2、My camera can be to take pictures in cloudy or sunny conditions.A. treated B. adopted C. adjusted D. remedied3、Not only working hard, but also she was very polite.A. she was B. has she been C. was she D. had she been4.It (be)very cold lately, but its beginning to get a bit warmer.把上节课的疑惑进行解答。set about：出发，开始，着手set aside：拒绝，忽视，挑出set back： 推迟，阻碍set down： 卸下，记下，放下set forth： 阐明，陈述set off： 出发，引起，使发生set out(to do)：打算，着手set up：建立，树立，资助lonely：形容词，寂寞的，孤单的；alone：形容词，独自一人的；副词，独立，仅仅。late：形容词，迟的，晚的，新近的；lately：副词，最近，不久前,later随后，稍后对于单词词性和词组含义上的比较及用法上的区别，希望大家能点滴积累，脚踏实地地强行记忆，这对战胜英语二极为有利。一、第三单元重点内容回顾Text A1. any(no) longer：注意词组含义和any的用法。2. weak-weaken：注意词性上的转换，同时关注主被动关系。3. help sb. do:注意后面用原形动词，完型经常考。4. be affected with:注意词组含义，同时关注该词组做状语时的位置。5. recover-recovery：注意词性上的转换。6. When/Before/After+Ving：注意这些词后有时用动名词形式，注意有主动和被动上的区别。7. permit-permission：注意词性上的转换。8. technique-technical-technically-technician:注意词性上的转换。9. legal(ly)-illegal(ly)：注意词意上的反差。10. carry out:注意词组含义，该词组经常考。11. in addition to-in addition:注意词组在含义上的区别，完型经常考。12. care for:注意词组含义。13. oppose to=object to=against：注意含义，同时后面应用动名词形式。14. short-shorten-shortening:注意词性上的转换。15. move-movement-moving：注意词性和词意上的变化。16. respect-respectable-respectful：注意词性转换及词义。17. sense-sensitive(to)-sensible：注意词性上的转换。Text B1. fair-unfair:注意词意上的反差。2. amount to：注意词组含义。3. There is no doubt that(注意这个词的使用，属于同位语从句范畴)：注意句型，常在翻译中考。4. agree(disagree)with:注意词汇含义上的反差和介词搭配。5. on average: 注意词组含义，完型和翻译经常考。6. compete-competition：注意词性上的转换.7. blamefor/on:因责备某人，注意词组搭配，完型经常考。8. interview-interviewer-interviewee:：注意词性和词意上的变换。9. by nature：注意词组的含义及介词的应用。10. access(have access to)-accessible:注意词组搭配和词性上的转换。11. When it comes to：注意句型配备，翻译经常考，“当谈及到”。12. appear to=seem to:“似乎”，注意这是系表结构，关注词组含义。13. be related to(relating to)=be associated with:注意词组搭配，完型和词汇常考。14. be worth doing:注意词组搭配，该词组为重点考查对象。后面虽然用动名词的主动形式，但表示的一般为被动含义。15. while：不要在英语二的领域认为这还是“当同时”，它表示转折或让步，“尽管，虽然，然而，但”。该词为重点考查词汇。在语法和完型中为重点考查对象。第四单元重点内容的回顾Text A1.There are(It is) estimated to(that)：注意句型，翻译常考。2.bring over:注意词组含义，同时注意bring包含的所有词组，为重点考查内容。3.pay-payment-paid:注意词性的转换。4.have sth. done:该词组为重点考查内容，一定要记住固定用法，无论have以何种形式出现(has/had)，中间为物时，后面一般是done，中间为人时，后面一般是do。5. convictof：注意词组搭配。6.despite=in spite of=though=although：注意该组合词汇为经常考察的对象。7.be deserving of doing(deserve doing/to do/n.):注意词组搭配。8.be supposed to:注意词组搭配，完型与语法经常考。9.threat-threaten：注意词性的转换。10.used to do/be used to doing/got used to doing：注意词组在含义上的辨析及后面词汇使用的形式。11.protectfrom doing(being done)：注意词组含义，同时注意后面动词的使用形式。12.distinguishfrom=different from:注意词组含义及介词搭配。Text B1.raise/rise:注意两词之间的区别。2.make ones way to:注意词组搭配。3.eight-foot:注意中间有连字符的词的使用一般使用原形。4.up to：注意词组的含义。5.deny:注意含义，同时后面应使用动名词形式。6.abolish=cancel：注意词汇含义。7.It is an effective way to：注意句型，翻译经常考。8.react (reaction)to：注意词组搭配。9.sharp-sharpen-sharply：注意词性转换。10.make sb. do/be made to do-make oneself done:注意词组用法上的区别。11.call up：注意与call形成固定搭配的所有词组。12.go by：注意词组含义。13.surprise-surprisingly:注意词性的转换。14.clean up:注意词组含义。15.a great deal of ：一般接不可数名词。mit crime:注意词组含义。17.punish-punishment：注意词性的转换。18.it is shame to:注意句型的含义。翻译常考。19.argue-argument:注意词汇拼写的差异。20.wide-widen：注意词汇的转换。二、令人头疼的语法点回顾1、一般将来时：表示将来的行为或状态(will/be going to/shall/be about to/be to)。注意：be to与be about to的区别-be about to表示很快就要发生的动作，不可跟表示将来的时间状语连用；be to表示按计划要做的事或指出做事的必要性，可跟时间状语。2、过去将来时：表示从过去某一时间看将要发生的行为或状态(would/should+do/was/were going to do)。3、过去完成时：表示在过去某一时间之前已经发生或完成了的行为(had/had been+done)。试试：Between 1897 and 1919 at least 29 motion pictures in which artificial beings were portrayed .A. had produced B. have been produced C. would have producedD. had been produced说吧：根据句子含义，选择D。记住两个特殊用法：过去完成时常用于“no soonerthan”和“hardly(scarcely)when”的主句中，从句常用一般过去时，同时no sooner,hardly位于句首时，主句要求倒装。试试：Hardly the office when the phone rang.A. had he enter B. has he entered C. did he enter D. had he entered说吧：看见了什么？主要句型出来了，选择D。No sooner had he reached home the telephone rang.A. when B. then C. it D. than说吧：主要句型记住了吗？选择D。别一高兴选B啊！三、阅读：30分(3*10) 我的要求：20分以上。在做阅读理解的题型中，一定要首先看懂问题，把问题中的关键词用铅笔描绘出来，同时带着这些关键词迅速回到原文，并按照段落的顺序把这些关键词首次出现的地方找到，锁定目标后，仅看关键词所在句的左右各一句话就可以了，领悟含义后，迅速回到被选答案中进行排除和选择。关键词的选择，不一定是一个词，有时会有两个或多个，对于它们的含义不一定马上能理解，但要求记住拼写，这样再去找它们首次出现的地方，相对容易多了，如人名、地名、书名、时间、斜体字或其他的一些大写形式的词汇。当然不是问题中的第一个词就一定是关键词，需要同学们在日后的讲解中认真体会和领悟。Trees are useful to man in three very important ways: they provide him with wood and other products; they give him shade; and they help to prevent droughts(干旱)and floods.Unfortunately, man has not realized that the third of these services is the most important . Two thousand years ago a rich and powerful country cut down its trees to build warships, with which to gain itself an empire(帝国). It gained the empire, but, without its trees, its soil became hard and poor. When the empire fell to pieces, the home country found itself faced by flood and starvation.Even though a government realizes the importance of a plentiful supply of trees, it is difficult for it to persuade villagers to see this. The villagers want wood to cook their food with; and they can earn money by selling wood. They are usually too lazy to plant and look after the trees. So, unless the government has a good system of control, or can educate the people, the forests will slowly disappear.This does not only mean that the villagers children and grandchildren will have fewer trees. The results are even more serious, for where there are trees their roots break the soil up-allowing the rain to sink in-and also bind the soil, thus preventing its being washed away easily but where there are no trees, the rain falls on hard ground and flows away from the surface, causing flood.1.What is the most important function of trees?A. Providing fuel. B. Offering shadeC. Preventing natural disaster D. Providing wood我的分析：首先找到most important出现的地方，认真理解本句，答案即出，选择C。2.What eventually happened to the empire in the paragraph?A. Its people died of hunger. B. It fell to pieces.C. It became a giant empire D. It built many ships with food.我的分析：首先找到empire出现的地方，仔细读懂第二段末尾，答案即出，选择B。3.It is implied that in the passage that the villagers .A. want a plentiful supply of trees. B. want firewood badlyC. just want to get money D. don't realize the important of trees我来分析：首先找到villagers首次出现的地方，答案即出，选择D。4.The role of trees is to .A. loosen soil B. keep soil in position C. harden soil D. both A and B我来分析：树能起到的作用，从文章的最后几句话就能看出来，选择D。5.What is the passage mainly concerned with?A. The benefit of trees B. Trees and soil protectionC. The various uses of trees D. Different attitudes toward trees我来分析：文章首段+末段=中心思想，选择A。汉译英：1、警察能保证证人免受危险。解析：The police can ensure(protect)the witness from(against)danger.2、他说的与事实完全相反。解析：What he said was totally(wholly/absolutely)opposed to the fact.3、这个学生利用一切可能性学英语。解析：The student exploits(uses)every possibility to learn(study)English.4、这位钢琴家把这首曲子演奏得完美极了。解析：The pianoist executed(played/performed)the piece of music perfectly.5、她应该被送去坐牢。解析：She deserves to be sent to prison.抽一小奖：1、Bob was completely by the robbers disguise.A. taken away B. taken down C. taken to D. taken in2、A real powerful speaker can _ the feelings of the audience to the fever of excitement.A. work out B. work over C. work at D. work up3、I wish you_ (not hurt)John so much. He is still very depressed.4. I should say Henry is not much a writer a
