不定式做宾语补足语及练习(共7页).doc
精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上不定式作宾语补足语的类型 动词不定式既有动词的性质，又有名词的性质。它没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能独立作谓语。动词不定式在句子中可以作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、状语、表语、同位语等：动词不定式在句子中可以用作宾语补足语，常用的“动词+宾语+不定式”的句子结构中。不定式作宾语补足语的有以下八种类型：(下列句子中划线部分作宾语补足语) 一、许多动词可跟一个宾语 + to do构成句子，句中的不定式作宾语补足语；否定形式为“动词+宾语+not to do”。例如：do sb/sth to do sth My boss told me to type out two letters. 分析：句中“My boss”做主语，“told”作谓语，“me”作宾语，划线部分作宾语补足语。请看下面的句子。 They forbade her to leave the country.Please remind me not to be late for the meeting.高中范围内，适用于“动词+宾语+(not)to do”的结构，不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：advise，allow，ask，beg，cause，direct，encourage，expect，forbid，force，invite，order，permit，persuade，remind，request，require，teach，tell，want，warn等。二、有些动词可跟“宾语+to be”构成句子，句中的不定式作宾语补足语。例如：I consider him to be the best candidate.分析：句中“I”做主语，“consider”作谓语，“him”作宾语，划线部分作宾语补足语。请看下面的句子。I know him to be a liar.I suppose him to be away from home.高中范围内，适用于“动词+宾语+to be”的结构，不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：consider，declare，discover，feel，find，suppose等。三、有些动词(感官动词和使动词)后可跟不带to的不定式构成句子，句中的不定式作宾语补足语。例如：He saw her enter the room.分析：句中“He”做主语，“saw”作谓语，“her”作宾语，划线部分作宾语补足语。请看下面的句子。She won't let me do it.I heard her lock the door.We watched the children play games.高中范围内，适用于“动词+宾语+do”的结构，不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：feel，have，hear，let，make，notice，observe，see，watch等。还有两个词组：listen to，look at.注意:这类句子变为被动结构时，不定式前加to。请看下列句子，句中划线部分作宾语补足语。例如：A child was seen to enter the building.She was often he 3 在使役动词后作宾语补足语，不定式不带to。有些动词跟不定式作宾语补足语时省去了to，这些动词有： 一感二听三让四观看。 一感：feel 二听：hear, listen to 三让：let, have, make 四观看：observe, see, watch, look at 这类动词有：make, let, have等。转为被动语态时，其后通常都用带to的不定式 (have没有被动语态)。 What would you have me do? 你要我做什么？ She made him give up smoking. 她让他戒了烟。 Let him do whatever he wishes to do. 他想干什么就让他干吧。 ard to sing this song.四、help后的不定式可加to，也可不加to(美国人不加to时较多)，但被动结构中要加to。例如：I'll help you(to) push the cart.分析：句中“I”做主语，“will help”作谓语，“you”作宾语，划线部分作宾语补足语。上句的被动语态为：You'll be helped to push the cart.五、有些“动词+介词”的结构后也可跟不定式构成句子，句中的不定式作宾语补足语。例如：He shouted to me to come over.分析：句中“He”做主语，“shouted”作谓语，“to”为介词，“me”作宾语，划线部分作宾语补足语。请看下列句子，句子的结构为“动词+介词+宾语+to do”，划线部分为不定式，作宾语补足语。请看下面的句子。I depend on you to do it.I am counting on you to help me through.高中范围内，适用于“动词+介词+宾语+to do”的结构，不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：shout to sb.to do，call on sb. to do，count on sb. to do，depend on sb. to do，wait for sb. to do等。六、作宾语补足语的不定式，表示的动作在谓语所表示情况之前发生，就需要用完成形式：He was known to have worked for the International Olympic Committee.分析：句中“He”做主语，“was known”作谓语，使用了被动语态。由句意可知，“为国际奥委会工作”发生在前，“大家知道”发生在后。故不定式部分用完成形式，在句中作宾语补足语。请看下面的句子。They are believed to have discussed the problem.七、作宾语补足语的不定式，表示一个正在进行的动作时需用进行形式：He is believed to be living in Mexico.分析：句中“He”做主语，“isbelieved”作谓语，使用了被动语态。由于句子表达主语现在正在发生的情况，故用不定式的进行形式，句中划线部分作宾语补足语。请看下列句子。Thousands were reported to be working in concentration camps.He is thought to be hiding in the woods.间或不定式作宾语补足语也可用于完成进行时。例如：She is said to have been doing this work for twenty years.八、不定式作宾语补足语的被动形式：he didn't want her son to be taken away.分析：句中“She”做主语，“didn't want”作谓语，“her son”作宾语，由于“her son”与“take away”之间为被动关系，故用被动形式，句中划线部分作宾语补足语。请看下列句子。I'd like this room to be redecorated.He didn't wish the subject to be mentioned in the letter.练习： 1.They knew her very well. They had seen her _ up from childhood.(1988全国) A. grow B. grew C. was growing D. to grow2. The teacher asked us _ so much noise.(2003北京) A. don't make B. not make C. not making D. not to make 3. My advisor encouraged _ a summer course to improve my writing skills.(2004北京) A. for me taking B. me taking C. for me to take D. me to take 4.The flu is believed _ by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and throat.(2004上海) A. causing B. being caused C. to be caused D. to have caused 5.-Is Bob still performing？-I'm afraid not. He is said _ the stage already as he has become an official.(2005江苏) A. to have left B. to leave C. to have been left D. to be left 6.The mother felt herself _ cold and her hands trembled as she read the letter from the battlefield.(2006上海)A. grow B. grown C. to grow D. to have grown 7.Energy drinks are not allowed _ in Australia but are brought in from New Zealand.(2006上海) A. to make B. to be made C. to have been made D. to be making答案：1.A 2.D 3.D 4.C 5.A 6.A 7.B （编辑：赵露） 5 2. -Theres a hole in your bag. - I know, Im going to have it _. A. mend B. mending C. mended D. to be mended 3. Though he had often made his little sister _, today he was made _ by his little sister. A. cry; to cry B. crying; crying C. cry; cry D. to cry; cry 4. They would not allow him _ across the enemy line. A. to risk going B. risking to go C. for risk to go D. risk going 5. I found the door _ when I got home. A. opened B. close C. unlocking D. open 6. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him _. A. not to B. not to do C. not do D. do not to 7. I couldnt do my homework with all that noise_. A. going on B. goes on C. went on D. to go on 8. With a lot of difficult problems_, the newly-elected president is having a hard time. A. settled B. settling C. to settle D. being settled 9. I advised _ at once. A. him to starting B. him to start C. to starting D. to start 10. When I put my hand on his chest, I could feel his heart still _. A. beat B. to be beating C. beating D. was beating 11. You had better get a doctor _ your bad tooth. A. pull out B. to pull out C. pulled out D. pulling out 12. He managed to make himself with his_ English. A. understand; breaking B. understand; broken B. C. understood; breaking D. understood; broken 13. The doctor asked him not to leave his wound _. A. expose B. exposed C. to expose D. exposing 14. They are going to have the service man _ an electric fan in the office tomorrow. A. install B. to install C. to be installed D. installed 6 15. After a few rounds of talks, both sides regarded the territory dispute _. A. being settled B. to be settled C. had settled D. as settled 16. You will see this product _ wherever you go. A. to be advertised B. advertised C. advertise D. advertising 17. His remarks left me _ about his real purpose. A. wondered B. wonder C. to wonder D. wondering 18. When I caught him _ me I stopped buying things there and started dealing with another shop. A. cheating B. cheat C. to cheat D. to be cheating 19. Though he had often made his little sister _, today he was made _ by his little sister. A. cry; to cry B. crying; crying C. cry; cry D. to cry; cry 20. Did you intend us _ the new method? A. using B. to use C. using D. are using 21. The teacher encouraged us _ good compositions. A. Writing B. written C. to write D. is writing 22. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him _. A. not to B. not to do C. not do it D. do not to 23. Mrs. Brown was much disappointed to see the washing machine she had had _went wrong again. A .it B. it repaired C .repaired D. to be repaired 24. With a lot of difficult problems_, the newlyelected president is having a hard time. A .settled B. settling C. to settle D. being settled 25. With trees, flowers and grass_ everywhere, my native town had taken on a new look. A. planting B. planted C. to plant D .to be planted 26. She was glad to see her child well_ care of. A. take B. to be taken C. taken D. taking 7 27. The result of the entrance exams was not made _to the public until last Thursday. A. knowing B. known C. to know D. to be known 28. I can make you _what I say, but you cant make yourself _ in English. A. understand; understand B .understand, understood C to understand, understand D. understand; to be understood 29. He found them _ at a table_. A. sat; to play chess B. sitting; to play chess C. seated; playing chess D. seat; play the chess 30. John rushed out in a hurry, _ the door_. A. leaving; unlocked B. leaving; unlocking C. left; unlocked D. to leave; unlocking 31. We are pleased to see the problem_ so quickly. A. settled B. settling C. be settled D. having been settled 32. I could feel the wind _on my face from an open window. A .to blow B .blowing C. to be blowing D .blown 33. _ production up by 60%,the company has had another excellent year. A. As B. For C. With D. Through 34. _ everything _ , she left the supermarket with satisfaction. A. As, buying B. For, to buy C. With, bought D .Because, to buy 35. Dont leave the water _ while you brush your teeth. (天津2004) A. run B. running C. being run D. to run 36. He looked around and caught a man _ his hand into the pocket of a passenger. A. put B. to be putting C. to put D. putting 37. Laws that punish parents for their little childrens actions against the laws get parents _. (重庆 2004) A. worried B. to worry C. worrying D. worry 38. The teacher asked us _ so much noise. (北京2003) A. dont make B. not make C. not making D. not to make 39. An army spokesman stressed that all the soldiers had been ordered _ clear 8 warnings before firing any shots. (上海2003) A. to issue B. being issued C. to have issued D. to be issued 40.Good morning. Can I help you? I'd like to have this package _ ,Madame. A. be weighed B. to be weighed C. to weigh D. weighed 41. Father will not _us to use his recorders. A. have B. let C .agree D. allow 42. John was made _the truck for a week as punishment. A .to wash B. washing C. wash D. to be washing 43. The missing boys were last seen _ near the river. A. playing B. to be playing C. play D. to play 44. Paul doesn't have to be made _ .He always works hard. A. learn B. to learn C .learned D. learning 45. Seeing the sun _ above the surface of the sea, we let out a shout of joy. A. to rise B. to raise C. rising D .raising 46. I was disappointed to find his suggestions _ . A been turned down B. turned down C. to be turned down D. to turn down 47. The patient was warned _oily food after the operation. A. to eat to B. eating not C .not to eat D not eating 48. The speaker raised her voice but still couldnt make herself _. A. hear B. hearing C. to hear D. heard 49. If you go to Xian, youll find the palaces there more magnificent than commonly _. A. supposing B. to suppose C. supposed D. suppose 50. Its so cold today, we must keep the fire _. A. to burn B. burning C. burn D. burnt 51. The mother was asked _ let her children _ TV every evening; A. not to; watch B. not to; to watch C. not; watch D. not; watching 52. They didnt observe her _ in and go upstairs. A. come B. came C. to come D. coming 53. How about the two of us _ a walk down the garden? (MET93 17) 9 A. to take B. take C. taking D. to be taking 54. I have had my bike , and Im going to have somebody my radio tomorrow. A. repair; to repair B. repairing; to be repaired C. repaired; repair D. to repair; repairing 55. the room, the nurse found the tape recorder . A. Entering; stealing B. Entering; gone C. To have entered; being stolen D. Having entered; to be stolen 56. Could you show me the mobile phone youd like _? A. to have repaired B. repairing it C. having it repaired D. to repair it 57. I have often heard the ABC Song , but I have never heard Alice it. A. to be sung; to sing B. being sung; sang C. sung; sing D. sang; singing 58. I can hardly imagine Peter _ across the Atlantic Ocean in five days. A. sail B. to sail C. sailing D. to have sailed 59. -Have you had anyone _ your newly-bought flat? -Not yet. I am going to get John _ a design for it first. A. to decorate; make B. to decorate; to make C. decorate; make D. decorate; to make 60. -“Did you have any difficulty in todays homework?”-“No, in fact I found _.” A. it very easy to do B. it very easy done C. very easy for doing D. very easy to do it Keys: 1-5 CCAAD 6-10 AACBC 11-15 BDBAD 16-20 CDAAB 21-25 CACAB 26-30 CBBCA 31-35 A BCCB 36-40 DADAD 41-45 D AABC 46-50 BCDCB 51-55 A ACCB 56-60 A CCDA 专心-专注-专业
