中英合同法区别(共81页).docx

精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上中英合同法区别篇一：合同法中英文逐条对照版中华人民共和国合同法 Contract Law of the People's Republic of China 总则第一章 一般规定第二章 合同的订立第三章 合同的效力第四章 合同的履行第五章 合同的变更和转让第六章 合同的权利义务终止第七章 违约责任第八章 其他规定分则第九章 买卖合同第十章 供用电、水、气、热力合同第十一章 赠与合同第十二章 借款合同第十三章 租赁合同第十四章 融资租赁合同第十五章 承揽合同第十六章 建设工程合同第十七章 运输合同第十八章 技术合同第十九章 保管合同第二十章 仓储合同第二十一章 委托合同第二十二章 行纪合同第二十三章 居间合同附则总则General Provisions第一章 一般规定Chapter 1 General Provisions 第一条 【立法目的】为了保护合同当事人的合法权益，维护社会经济秩序，促进社会主义现代化建设，制定本法。 Article 1 This Law is enacted in order to protect the lawful rights and interests of the contracting parties, to maintain social and economic order, and to promote the process of socialist modernization. 第二条 【合同定义】本法所称合同是平等主体的自然人、法人、其他组织之间设立、变更、终止民事权利义务关系的协议。 婚姻、收养、监护等有关身份关系的协议，适用其他法律的规定。Article 2 A contract in this Law refers to an agreement among natural persons, legal persons or other organizations as equal parties for the establishment, modification of a relationship involving the civil rights and obligations of such entities.Agreements concerning personal relationships such as marriage,adoption, guardianship, be governed by the provisions in other laws. 第三条 【平等原则】合同当事人的法律地位平等，一方不得将自己的意志强加给另一方。 Article 3 Contracting parties shall have equal legal status, and no party may impose its will on the other party. 第四条 【合同自由原则】当事人依法享有自愿订立合同的权利，任何单位和个人不得非法干预。 Article 4 The parties have the right to lawfully enter into a contract of their own free will in accordance with the law, and no unit or individual may illegally interfere therewith. 第五条 【公平原则】当事人应当遵循公平原则确定各方的权利和义务。 Article 5 The parties shall adhere to the principle of fairness in deciding their respective rights and obligations. 第六条 【诚实信用原则】当事人行使权利、履行义务应当遵循诚实信用原则。 Article 6 The parties shall observe the principle of honesty and good faith in exercising their rights and performing their obligations. 第七条 【遵纪守法原则】当事人订立、履行合同，应当遵守法律、行政法规，尊重社会公德，不得扰乱社会经济秩序，损害社会公共利益。 Article 7 In concluding and performing a contract, the parties shall comply with the laws and administrative regulations, respect social ethics, and shall not disrupt the social and economic order or impair the public interests. 第八条 【依合同履行义务原则】依法成立的合同，对当事人具有法律约束力。当事人应当按照约定履行自己的义务，不得擅自变更或者解除合同。 依法成立的合同，受法律保护。Article 8 A lawfully established contract shall be legally binding on the parties thereto, each of whom shall perform its own obligations in accordance with the terms of the contract, and no party shall unilaterally modify or terminate the contract.The contract established according to law is protected by law. 第二章 合同的订立Chapter 2 Conclusion of Contracts 第九条 【订立合同的能力】当事人订立合同，应当具有相应的民事权利能力和民事行为能力。 当事人依法可以委托代理人订立合同。Article 9 In entering into a contract, the parties shall have appropriate capacities for civil rights and civil acts.A party may appoint an agent to enter into a contract on its behalf in accordance with the law.第十条 【合同的形式】当事人订立合同，有书面形式、口头形式和其他形式。法律、行政法规规定采用书面形式的，应当采用书面形式。当事人约定采用书面形式的，应当采用书面形式。Article 10 The parties may use written, oral or other forms in entering into a contract.A contract shall be in written form if the laws or administrative regulations so provide. A contract shall be concluded in written form if the parties so agree. 第十一条 【书面形式】书面形式是指合同书、信件和数据电文（包括电报、电传、传真、电子数据交换和电子邮件）等可以有形地表现所载内容的形式。 Article 11 "Written form" refers to a form such as a written contractual agreement, letter, electronic data text(including a telegram, telex, fax, electronic data exchange and e-mail)that can tangibly express the contents contained therein. 第十二条 【合同内容】合同的内容由当事人约定，一般包括以下条款： （一）当事人的名称或者姓名和住所；（二）标的；（三）数量；（四）质量；（五）价款或者报酬；（六）履行期限、地点和方式；（七）违约责任；（八）解决争议的方法。当事人可以参照各类合同的示范文本订立合同。Article 12 The contents of a contract shall be agreed upon by the parties, and shall generally contain the following clauses:(1) titles or names and domiciles of the parties;(2) subject matter;(3) quantity;(4) quality;(5) price or remuneration;(6) time limit, place and method of performance;(7) liability for breach of contract; and(8) method to settle disputes.The parties may conclude a contract by reference to a model text of each kind of contract.第十三条 【订立合同方式】当事人订立合同，采取要约、承诺方式。Article 13 The parties shall conclude a contract in the form of an offer and an acceptance.第十四条 【要约】要约是希望和他人订立合同的意思表示，该意思表示应当符合下列规定：（一）内容具体确定；（二）表明经受要约人承诺，要约人即受该意思表示约束。Article 14 An offer is an expression of an intent to enter into a contract with another person. Such expression of intent shall comply with the following:(1) its contents shall be specific and definite;(2) it indicates that the offeror will be bound by the expression of intent in case of acceptance by the offeree. 第十五条 【要约邀请】要约邀请是希望他人向自己发出要约的意思表示。寄送的价目表、拍卖公告、招标公告、招股说明书、商业广告等为要约邀请。 商业广告的内容符合要约规定的，视为要约。Article 15 An invitation for offer is an expression of an intent to invite other parties to make offers thereto. Mailed price lists, public notices of auction and tender, prospectuses and commercial advertisements, etc. are invitations for offer.Where the contents of a commercial advertisement meet the requirements for an offer, it shall be regarded as an offer. 第十六条 【要约的生效】要约到达受要约人时生效。 采用数据电文形式订立合同，收件人指定特定系统接收数据电文的，该数据电文进入该特定系统的时间，视为到达时间；未指定特定系统的，该数据电文进入收件人的任何系统的首次时间，视为到达时间。Article 16 An offer becomes effective when it reaches the offeree.If a contract is concluded through data-telex, and a recipient designates a specific system to receive the date-telex, the time when the data-telex enters such specific system shall be the time of arrival; if no specific system is appointed, the time when the data-telex first enters any of the recipient's systems shall be regarded as the time of arrival. 第十七条 【要约的撤回】要约可以撤回。撤回要约的通知应当在要约到达受要约人之前或者与要约同时到达受要约人。 Article 17 An offer may be withdrawn. The withdrawal notice shall reach the offeree before or at the same time when the offer arrives. 第十八条 【要约的撤销】要约可以撤销。撤销要约的通知应当在受要约人发出承诺通知之前到达受要约人。 Article 18 An offer may be revoked. The revocation notice shall reach the offeree before it hasdispatched a notice of acceptance. 第十九条 【要约不得撤销的情形】有下列情形之一的，要约不得撤销： （一）要约人确定了承诺期限或者以其他形式明示要约不可撤销；（二）受要约人有理由认为要约是不可撤销的，并已经为履行合同作了准备工作。 Article 19 An offer may not be revoked, if(1) theofferor indicates a fixed time for acceptance or otherwise explicitly states that the offer is irrevocable; or(2) theofferee has reasons to rely on the offer as being irrevocable and has made preparation for performing the contact. 第二十条 【要约的失效】有下列情形之一的，要约失效： （一）拒绝要约的通知到达要约人；（二）要约人依法撤销要约；（三）承诺期限届满，受要约人未作出承诺；（四）受要约人对要约的内容作出实质性变更。Article 20 An offer shall lose efficacy under any of the following circumstances:(1) the notice of rejection reaches the offeror;(2) theofferor revokes the offer in accordance with the law;(3) theofferee fails to dispatch an acceptance before the expiration of the time limit for acceptance;(4) theofferee makes substantial changes to the contents of the offer. 第二十一条 【承诺的定义】承诺是受要约人同意要约的意思表示。 Article 21 An acceptance is the expression of an intention to by the offeree to assent to the offer.第二十二条 【承诺的方式】承诺应当以通知的方式作出，但根据交易习惯或者要约表明可以通过行为作出承诺的除外。Article 22 The acceptance shall be made in the form of a notice, except where acceptance may be made by an act on the basis of customary business practice or as expressed in the offer.第二十三条 【承诺的期限】承诺应当在要约确定的期限内到达要约人。要约没有确定承诺期限的，承诺应当依照下列规定到达：（一）要约以对话方式作出的，应当即时作出承诺，但当事人另有约定的除外；（二）要约以非对话方式作出的，承诺应当在合理期限内到达。Article 23 An acceptance shall reach the offeror within the time limit prescribed in the offer. Where no time limit is prescribed in the offer, the acceptance shall reach the offeror in accordance with the following provisions:(1) if the offer is made in dialogues, the acceptance shall be made immediately unless otherwise agreed upon by the parties;(2) If the offer is made in forms other than a dialogue, the acceptance shall reach the offeror within a reasonable period of time. 第二十四条 【承诺期限的起点】要约以信件或者电报作出的，承诺期限自信件载明的日期 篇二：合同法司法解释(一)中英文对照Interpretations The Supreme People's Court of Certain Issues concerning The Application of The Contract Law of The People's Republic of China(Part One) 最高人民法院公告 最高人民法院关于适用中华人民共和国合同法若干问题的解释（一）已于年月日由最高人民法院审判委员会第次会议通过，现予公布，自年月日起施行。 一九九九年十二月十九日December 29, 1999Interpretations The Supreme People's Court of 最高人民法院关于适用中华人民共和国合同Certain Issues concerning The Application of 法若干问题的解释（一） The Contract Law of The People's Republic of China(Part One) FaShi 1999"The Supreme People''s Court''s Interpretations of Certain Issues Concerning the Application of the Contract Law of the People''s Republic of China(part One)" is adopted at the 1090th Session of the Adjudication Committee of the Supreme People''s Court on December 1, and is promulgated now, this law will be effective as of December 29,1999. Pursuant to The Contract Law of the People''s Republic of China (hereinafter the "Contract Law"), and with a view to facilitating the proper adjudication of contractual disputes, we hereby promulgate the following interpretations of certain issues concerning the application of the Contract Law by People''s Courts:I. Scope of Application of the LawArticle 1 Where a suit is brought to a People''s Court in respect of a dispute arising out of a contract formed after the operative date of the Contract Law, the provisions of the Contract Law shall apply; where a suit is brought to a法释（1999）19号（1999年12月1日最高人民法院审判委员会第1090次会议通过）为了正确审理合同纠纷案件，根据中华人民共和国合同法（以下简称合同法）的规定，对人民法院适用合同法的有关问题作出如下解释：一、法律运用范围第一条 合同法实施以后成立的合同发生纠纷起诉到人民法院的，适用合同法的规定；合同法实施以前成立的合同发生纠纷起诉到人民法院的，除本解释另有规定的以外，适用当时的法律规定，当时没有法律规定的，可以适用People''s Court in respect of a dispute concerning 合同法的有关规定。 a contract formed before the operative date of the Contract Law, except otherwise provided herein, the provisions of the law in effect at the time shall apply, provided that if the law in effect at the time did not provide for such matter, the relevant provision of the Contract Law may apply.Article 2 Where a contract was formed before the operative date of the Contract Law, but the prescribed time limit for performance extends beyond, or commences after, the operative date of the Contract Law, if a dispute arises out of its performance, the relevant provisions of Chapter Four of the Contract Law shall apply.第二条 合同成立于合同法实施之前，但合同约定的履行期限跨越合同法实施之日或者履行期限在合同法实施之后，因履行合同发生的纠纷，适用合同法第四章的有关规定。Article 3 In determining the validity of a contract 第三条 人民法院确认合同效力时，对合同法formed before the operative date of the Contract 实施以前成立的合同，适用当时的法律合同无Law, if application of the law in effect at the 效而适用合同法合同有效的，则适用合同法。 time leads to its invalidation, but application of the Contract Law leads to affirmation of its validity, the People''s Court shall apply the Contract Law.Article 4 After the Contract Law became operative, a People''s Court may only invalidate a contract in accordance with laws adopted by the National People''s Congress or its Standing Committee, or administrative regulations adopted by the State Council, and may not invalidate a contract in accordance with any local statutes or administrative rules.第四条 合同法实施以后，人民法院确认合同无效，应当以全国人大及其常委会制定的法律和国务院制定的行政法规为依据，不得以地方性法规、行政规章为依据。Article 5 Where a People''s Court re-adjudicates 第五条 人民法院对合同法实施以前已经作出a case on which a final judgment has been 终审裁决的案件进行再审，不适用合同法。 rendered, the Contract Law does not apply. II. Time Limit for ActionArticle 6 In a dispute arising out of a technology contract, where infringement of the right of a party occurred before the operative date of the Contract Law, if there was a lapse of more than one year between the date on which the party二、诉讼时效第六条 技术合同争议当事人的权利受到侵害的事实发生在合同法实施之前，自当事人知道或者应当知道其权利受到侵害之日起至合同法实施之日超过一年的，人民法院不予保护；尚未超过一年的，其提起诉讼的时效期间为二knew or should have known that its right was 年。 infringed and the operative date of the Contract Law, the People''s Court will no longer enforce such right; where the lapse was less than one year, the time limit during which the party may bring a suit shall be two years.Article 7 In a dispute arising out of a technology import/export contract, where infringement of the right of a party occurred before the operative date of the Contract Law, if there was a lapse of more than two years between the date on which the party knew or should have known that its right was infringed and the operative date of the Contract Law, the People''s Court will no longer enforce such right; where the lapse was less than two years, the time limit during which the party may bring a suit shall be four years.Article 8 The time period of "one year" set out in Article 55, and the time period of "five years" set out in Article 75 and Paragraph 2 of Article 104 of the Contract Law are fixed, and are not subject to the rules governing the suspension, termination or extension of time limit for action. III. Validity of ContractsArticle 9 Where as set forth in Paragraph 2 of Article 44 of the Contract Law, the relevant law or administration regulation provides that the effectiveness of a certain contract is subject to completion of the relevant approval procedure, or the relevant approval and registration procedures, if before completion of court debate by the parties in the trial of first instance, the parties still fail to carry out the relevant approval procedure, or approval and registration procedures, as the case may be, the People''s Court shall rule that the contract has not yet taken effect; if the relevant law or administration regulation requires that a certain contract be registered without subjecting its effectiveness to such registration, then failure to effect第七条 技术进出口合同争议当事人的权利受到侵害的事实发生在合同法实施之前，自当事人知道或者应当知道其权利受到侵害之日起至合同法施行之日超过二年的，人民法院不予保护；尚未超过二年的，其提起诉讼的时效期间为四年。第八条 合同法第五十五条规定的“一年”、第七十五条和第一百零四条第二款规定的“五年”为不变期间，不适用诉讼时效中止。中断或者延长的规定。三、合同效力第九条 依照合同法第四十四条第二款的规定，法律、行政法规规定合同应当办理批准手续，或者办理批准、登记等手续才生效，在一审法庭辩论终结前当事人仍未办理批准手续的，或者仍未办理批准、登记等手续的，人民法院应当认定该合同未生效；法律、行政法规规定合同应当办理登记手续，但未规定登记后生效的，当事人未办理登记手续不影响合同的效力，合同标的物所有权及其他物权不能转移）合同法第七十七条第二款、第八十七条、第九十六条第二款所列合同变更、转让、解除等情形，依照前款规定处理。registration shall not impair the effectiveness of the contract, provided that such failure constitutes an impediment to the conveyance of title to, or such other real right in, the subject matter of the the case of amendment, assignment or termination of a contract as set forth in Paragraph 2 of Article 77, Article 87, and Paragraph 2 of Article 96 of the Contract Law, the provisions of the previous Paragraph apply.Article 10 Where the parties entered into a contract the subject matter of which was outside their scope of business, the People''s Court shall not invalidate the contract on such ground, except where conclusion of the contract was in violation of state restriction concerning, or licensing requirement for,