人教版八年级英语下Unit5知识点讲解(共10页).doc

精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上 Unit5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came?Section A1. What were people doing yesterday at the time of the rainstorm? 昨天当暴风雨来临的时候人们正在做些什么？【解析1】过去进行时过去进行时态 用法： 过去某个时间正在发生的动作 He was cooking at six last night. 昨天晚上六点，他正在做饭。 过去某段时间正在发生的动作 I was staying here from March to May last year. 去年从3月到5月，我一直呆在这里。 与过去进行时连用的时间状语，常见的有 at nine last night/at that time=then/at this time yesterday/或有when the teacher came in/ while he was reading的提示 过去进行时的构成：waswere +现在分词 过去进行时的四个基本句型 肯定句 He was cooking at six last night. 否定句 He was not cooking at six last night. 一般疑问句 Was he cooking at six last night? 两回答 Yes, he was. /No, he wasnt. 特殊疑问句 What was he doing at six last night? 过去进行时的固定句型 Jim was reading when the teacher came in. 当老师进来的时候，吉姆正在读书。 Jim was reading while Kate was watching TV. 在凯特正在看电视的同时，吉姆正在读书。 Jim came in while Kate was watching TV. 在凯特正在看电视的时候，吉姆进来了。 请比较 He watched TV last night.（过去时间last night, 用一般过去时） He was watching TV at nine last night. (过去时间last night+点时间at nine, 用过去进行时)【2013浙江杭州】Sally took a photo of her friends while they _ computer games. A. play   B. are playing  C. have played  D. were playing【2013黑龙江绥化】My uncle _ books in the room at this time yesterday. A. was seeing            B. is reading              C. was reading【2013黑龙江齐齐哈尔3】What  _ you  _ when the captain came in?         A. are; doing           B. did; do            C. were; doing巩固练习：用所给动词的适当形式填空1. Now Jims sister _(read) newspapers.2.He _(watch)TV at nine last night.3.He _(watch)TV last night.4. What _the twins _(do) then?5. _Lily _(draw) a cat when the teacher came in ? No, she _6. _you _(have) supper at that time?7. Jack _(not read) a book at nine yesterday evening.8. Now Jim _(play) basketball on the playground（操场）.9. What _ he _ (do) at nine oclock last night.10. They _ (listen) to the music at that time.11. When the teacher came in, the students _ (read) the text.12. We _ (watch) TV when suddenly the telephone rang.13. Her mother _(cook) while her father was watching TV.【解析2】 at the time of 在. 的时候 （常用于过去进行时）【解析3】rainstorm n 暴风雨 raincoat 雨衣 raindrop雨滴2. My alarm didnt go off so I _ up late. 我的闹钟没有响，因此我_晚了。【解析1】alarm n 闹钟 an alarm clock 一个闹钟 【解析2】go off 发出响声,  (闹钟)闹响，离开 The alarm went off just now. 刚才警钟响了【短语】 go over 复习 go away 离开 go by (时间)过去 go for a walk 出去散步go fishing/shopping/skating/swimming 去钓鱼/去买东西/去溜冰/去游泳( ) I was late today because my alarm clock didnt_A. run off B. go off C. give out D. give up ( ) What a big storm last night! Yes. I was doing my homework. Suddenly, all the lights in my house_. A. went off B. turned off C. took off D. got off( ) How I wish could sleep longer! However, I had to get up as soon as the alarm clock _. A. ran off B. went off C. took off3. I _ for the bus when it began to rain heavily. 当天开始下大雨的时候我_ 公交车。【解析】heavily adv 在很大程度上 heavyadj. 沉重的How heavy are you?heavily adv 沉重地The army lost heavily.形容风大的时候常用strong/hard, 形容雨雪下得大的时候用heavily/hard( ) The sun is shining _ . You'd better wear sunglasses while you are out. A. brightly B. lightly C. heavily( ) Sometimes it rains _in Guizhou in summer . A. heavily B. heavy C. strong D. Strongly【注】heavy改y为i +ly 变为adv ,类似的adj还有：hungry饥饿的hungrilyhappy快乐的happilyangry生气的angrilylucky幸运的luckily4. I _ to the bus stop but I still missed the bus. 我_ 向公共汽车站但还是错过了公共汽车。【解析】miss v. 错过 (后接名词、代词或动车ing） Be quick! Or you will miss the early bus. 想念；思念 I miss you.n. 用于姓名或姓之前，是对未婚女子的称呼，但首字母要大写，“小姐；女生”( ) I _ the early bus and I had to wait for the next one on such a cold morning. Bad luck! A. missed B. caught C. followed D. left5.I called at seven and you didnt pick up. 我七点钟给你打电话，你没有接。【解析】pick up 接电话pick up接电话Tom, I called you, but you didnt pick up捡起；拾起I pick up a wallet on my way home（开车）接某人I will pick you up at the station学到；获得He was picking up the skills quickly.( ) The workers in the Huashan Mountains have to _ rubbish to keep the mountains clean. A. turn up B. pick up C. mix up D. give up ( ) It seems that the aged people _ the H7N9 more easily from the recent case. A. pick up B. mix up C. set up D. use up 6. Thats strange. 真奇怪.【解析】strange adj. 奇怪的 strangely adv奇怪地 stranger n 陌生人be strange to 对感到陌生strange奇怪的Its strange that she came to the party.陌生的He stands in a stranger street.7. With no light outside, it felt like midnight. 外面没有一丝光亮，让人感觉这是在午夜。【解析1】with + n +adv ，在句中做伴随状语 with +n +adj. She can see stars in the dark sky with the window open【解析2】feel like doing sth = would like/want to do sth想要做某事I feel like _ (catch) a clod today.8. The news on TV reported that a heavy rainstorm was in the area. 电视新闻报道，这个地区有一场大暴雨。【解析】report v 报道 reporter n 记者make a report 做报告 weather report 天气预报give a report 作报告 Its reported that 据报道I want to be a _(report) when I grow up.9. so ,when the rainstorm suddenly came, what were you doing? 那么，当暴风雨突然来临的时候，你正在做什么呢？【解析】so 的用法： So, you were the first one to enter the classroom. 无实际意义，表示惊讶或领会，引出后面内容做语气词so 作副词 so + adj./ adv “如此”The book is so interesting.He ran so fast that no one could catch up with him. so + adj./adv +that 从句作连词 I was ill yesterday, so I didnt go to school. so + 从句 “所以“ so that +从句 “以便，为了”I fixed the TV so that we can watch it tonight10. I see. I called again at eight and you didnt answer then either. 我八点钟又给你打电话，你也没有接。【解析1】I see . 我知道了。 （表示通过别人提醒而明白、了解）( ) Its bad for your eyes to read in the sun. _. A. Im OK B. I dont know C. Im sorry D. I see【拓展】 see sb. do sth 看到某人做某事 see sb. doing sth 看到某人正在做某事【解析2】either 也【辨析】also /too/as well/ either (1) also 也，用于肯定句句中，用在实义动词之前，系动词、助动词、情态动词之后。 (2) too 也， 用于肯定句句末(3) either 也 ，通常放于否定句末【练习】用either, also , too, as well 填空 Tom can sing this song . I can sing it, _.Tom can sing this song, I can sing it _.Tom can sing this song, I can _sing it.Tom couldnt sing this song, I couldnt , _.（ ） He cant swim .I cant,_.A. too B. also C. either D. neither11. Bens dad was putting pieces of wood over the windows while his mom was making sure the flashlights and radio were working. 本的爸爸正在把木头块搭在窗户上面，而他的妈妈正在确保手电筒和收音机能正常使用。【解析1】while当.的时候( ) Amy was reading a book _ I came in. A. when B. while C. because D. though( ) _the children have fun, parents can take dance lessons on the beach. A. When B. If C. While D. Once【解析2】make sure确信； 确保 make sure to do sth Please make sure to turn off the computer when you leave. make sure of Do you know the time of the train? Youd better make sure of it. ( ) There arent many tickets left for the concert, you'd better _that you get one today. A. make sure of B. make a decision C. make sure D. make plans【解析3】work 运转；发挥作用 The madicine doesnt work.【拓展】work有三个意思很容易弄混： 表示“工作”，是不可数名词： He has too much work to do. 他要做的工作太多。 work worker 表示“著作”或“作品”，是可数名词，但多用复数： He has read many of Hemingways works. 表示“工厂”，只用复数形式，但可表示单数意义： The glass works（=factory) is are near the station. 玻璃工厂在车站附近。【2012曲靖中考】 My mother is a doctor , and my father is a _ (work).12. Ben was helping his mom make dinner when the rain began to beat heavily against the windows. 当雨点开始重重地打在窗户上的时候，本正在帮助他的妈妈做晚饭。【解析1】.beat与win辨析We beat them by the score of 2 to 1. 我们以2:1赢了他们。Which team won the football match? 哪个对赢了那场足球赛？【解析2】heavily 在很大程度上；大量地【拓展】heavy adj. 重的（反） light heavily adv 猛烈地【注】形容雨雪下得大用heavily/hard It rained _ (heavy) ,so he didnt go to work yesterday.( ) Sometimes it rains _ in Xian in summer. A. heavy B. heavily C. strong D. strongly( ) Peter is _ than you, right? Yes, but he is _ runner in our class. A. heavier; best B. heavy; the best C. heavier; the best D. heavy; better( ) Sometimes it rains _in Guizhou in summer . A. heavily B. heavy C. strong D. Strongly【解析3】 against 倚；碰；撞 表示“反对”，其反义词为 for。若表示“强烈反对”，一般用副词 strongly： Are you for or against the plan? 你对这个计划是赞成还是反对呢? 表示位置，意为“靠着”、“顶着”、等： The teachers desk is against the wall. 老师的办公桌靠墙放着。 He stood leaning against the tree. 他站着斜靠在墙上。( ) Mr. Wang is strongly _ keeping animals in the zoo, because he thinks animals should also enjoy freedom. A. upB. forC. against D. down( ) I'm _ building a new zoo because I think zoos are terrible places for animals to live in. A. against B. on C. in D. for13. Ben could not sleep at first. 起初，本睡不着。 【解析】 at first 首先；最初【拓展】(1) at first = at the beginning 最初，开始 【强调在时间顺序或做某事过程等开始之初】 (2) first of all 首先，第一 【表明陈述事情的重要性】( ) When you want to work for our country in the future, _, we should have strong body and rich knowledge. A. at first B. first of all C. for the first time D. after all( ) We can do a lot to stay healthy. _ , we should eat a balanced(平衡的) diet. A. At a time B. In fact C. First of all D. All together14. He finally fell asleep when the wind was dying down at around 3:00 a.m. 在大约凌晨三点逐渐减弱的时候，本终于睡着了。【解析1】 fall asleep 进入梦乡；睡着【拓展】sleep / asleep 辨析：(1) sleep =be in bed v 睡觉，指睡的动作状态(2) get to sleep =fall asleep 入睡，强调进入睡眠的状态(3)go to bed 上床睡觉，强调睡觉的动作【记】 He went to bed at ten last night , but he didnt go to sleep until . He only fell asleep for 5 hours. ( ) Jim, Where is your sister? Oh, She is still in bed. A. going to bed B. in her bedroom C. sleeping D. sleepy David fell _(sleep) in class because he stayed up too late last night.be asleep强调睡着的状态The baby is asleepfall asleep强调入睡的动作My father was so tired that he fell asleep quickly( ) He found it was hard to get to sleep those days. A. sleeping B. fall asleep C. be asleep【拓展】fall asleep, sleep, go to sleep, get to sleep, go to bed用法区别。 fall asleep属“连系动词+表语”结构，“入睡；睡着”，指进入梦乡，往往含有“不知不觉就睡着了“的意思。asleep在此作表语形容词。 He was just falling asleep when there was a loud knock at the door. 他刚要入睡时，这时传来了响亮的敲门声。 sleep指睡觉时的一种状态，是一个延续性的动词。 He likes to sleep for an hour in the afternoon. 他喜欢在下午睡上一个小时。 go to sleep意为“入睡，睡着”，强调从开始睡到睡着的过程。 I just want to close my eyes and go to sleep as quickly as possible. 我只是想闭上眼睛，尽快地睡上一觉。 get to sleep与go to sleep意思相近，但它强调的是进入睡眠状态。 She was too excited to get to sleep last night. 她昨晚因太激动而不能入睡。 go to bed“就寝”，“上床睡觉”，指上床去睡这个动作，与get up相对应。 The students in our school usually get up at six in the morning and go to bed at half past nine in the evening. 我们学校的学生通常早晨六点起床，晚上九点半睡觉。【解析2】die down 逐渐变弱；逐渐消失【拓展】die down与die out的用法区别： 指火的熄灭时，用die down或die out皆可。die down往往指火势由强到弱慢慢熄灭，植物慢慢死亡这一过程；die out则指熄灭这一事实，而且不及die down用的普遍。die down: 反映风、声音、愤怒、掌声、战斗等平息下来。die out: 指家庭、种族、物种、组织、信仰等的消失或消亡。This kind of bird has died out in the world.这种鸟已经在世界上灭绝了。15. When he woke up. the sun was rising. 当他醒来的时候，太阳已经升起来了。【解析1】wake up (v+ adv) 醒来；睡醒( ) _ , Tom! Its time to get up and go to school. A. Wake up B. Make up C. Grow up D. Look up( ) Whats wrong with you, Eric? You look tired. I _ to prepare for the final exam last night. A. picked up B. woke up C. stayed up D. put up 【解析2】rise 增加；提高；增强；上升，升起rise升起；上升主语自身移向较高位置Price rose graduallyraise举起；提高主语发出的动作作用于其他事物Lets raise our glasses to Tom.( ) The river _ two inches this morning. A. rose B. raised C. are getting up D. grow16. Fallen trees, broken windows and rubbish were everywhere. 到处都是倒下的树，破碎的窗户和垃圾。【解析1】过去分词做定语 fallen leaves 落叶【解析2】everywhere 处处，到处；各个地方词条含义用法例句everywhere处处；到处；各个地方可用于任何句式We have many friends everywhere in the worldsomewhere某个地方多用于肯定句中You can go somewhere you like to. anywhere 任何地方否定句You cant go anywhere疑问句Can I go anywhere I choose( ) There has never been such a beautiful village _ in the world. A. anywhere B. everywhere C. somewhere D. nowhere( ) We arrived at the station too early and had_ to go, so we sat there and chatted with each other. A. somewhere B. anywhereC. everywhere D. nowhere( ) There has never been such a beautiful village _ in the world. A. anywhereB. everywhereC. somewhereD. nowhere17. They joined the neighbors to help clean up the neigh hood together. 他们加入到邻居们中，一起打扫社区。【解析】 join 加入；参加【辨析】join/join in/take part in (1) join=be a member of 参加 ,指加入某种组织，并成为其中的一员。join the army / party 入伍/ 党 join the club 加入俱乐部 join in 后接活动名称 join sb. 加入到某个人群之中(2) take part in 参加，指加入群体活动中并在活动中发挥重要作用。( ) I suppose well go to plant trees next week. - Terrific! Planting trees is a lot of fun. Id like to _ you. A. visit B. join C. follow D. meet( ) Mary, would you like to _ this game? Id love to, but I have to finish _ the composition first. A. join in; to write B. attend; writing C. join; to write D. take part in; writing.( ) He _an English club last year and has improved his English a lot. A. protected B. produced C. joined D. received18. turn on the radio 打开收音机【解析】turn on 打开（反）turn off 关掉( ) Its time for CCTV news. Lets _ the TV and watch it. A. turn on B. get onC. try on D. put on( ) It's getting dark. Please _ the light. A. turn on B. turn off C. turn down D. turn around( ) The boy is sleeping. Please _the radio. A. turn up