初中代词专题知识点讲解和练习(共7页).doc

精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上语法-代词 人称代词：主格、宾格 物主代词：形容词性物主代词、名词性物主代词 反身代词代词 指示代词 不定代词 疑问代词 相互代词 each other ，one another一 人称代词： 主格 宾格第一人称 单数 I me （我） 复数 we us （我们）第二人称 单数 you you （你） 1. 第三人称 单数 he / she / it him / her / it 2. 复数 they them （他们）第一人称单数代词 I （我）无论在什么地方出现都要大写。人称代词的排列顺序 ： 二 ，三，一 (单数） 一，二，三 （复数） eg : you , he and I ( 你， 他，我） we , you and they (我们，你们，他们）人称代词作主语时 要用其 主格 eg: they are nurses. she is a barber. 动词后用宾格eg : I help him and he helps me 2. 介词后用宾格eg : Jim takes good care of meEx ：1.Miss Zhang teaches _ math. A. we B. us C. our D. ours2. _ like playing soccer with _. A. Them , me B. They, I C. They , me D. Them,I3. Tom is a new student. _ knew none of _. A. He, us B.He , we C. Him , us D. His, we4. You can sit between_. A. he and I B. him and me C. me and him5. _ all come here early. A. Them B. She C. We D. Us1. _ am a student . Jim is my brother . _ is a student ,too. Both of _ like English.2. Mary is an English . _ teaches us English.3. His mother asked _ to look after his sister.4. _ are students . So _must study hard (我们）5. Can you look after _? （他们）6. My father is very kind . _ likes talking to _ （我们）.7. Do you know where Lucy and Lily are . _ （我） cant find _（他们）8. _ am here. Can you see _ （我）?9. Does _（她 ）like _ （它）?10 . _(他) plays basketball better than _(我） 二、物主代词： “的” 形容词性物主代词 名词性物主代词第一人称 单数 my mine （我的） 复数 our ours （我们的）第二人称 单数 your yours （你的） 复数 your yours （你们的）第三人称 单数 his / her / its his/ hers / its（ 他的 ） 复数 their theirs （他们的）用法： 形容词性物主代词+ 名词 名词性物主代词相当于名词， Eg : This is my book = This book is mine That is your pen , mine is in my bag. this is Lucys coat，yours is different from hers1. _ room is better than _. A. They , us B. Their , our C.Their, ours2. Is this _ sister ? No, She is _ sister. A. your , his B. your, mine C. his , mine3. She is _ English teacher . She teaches _ well. A. our, ours B. our , us C. their , they4. Must _ go to _ office now ? A. we , his B. he , you C. they, yours5. You must bring _notebook to the school.B A. you B. your C.yours6. The red bag is _ ._ is white.A A. his , Mine B. him, My C. mine ,Him7. Can _ use _ bike ?B A. I , you B. I , your C. me, your 三、反身代词 ： 自己第一人称 单数 myself （我自己） 复数 ourselves （我们自己）第二人称 单数 yourself （你自己） 复数 yourselves （你们自己）第三人称 单数 himself / herself / itself (他自己） 复数 themselves (他们自己）用法： 与主语的人称一致 Eg : I can teach myself English . We enjoyed ourselves .常用词组：1. Help oneself to sth 请自便 / 别客气 You can help yourselves to the cake , children.2. enjoy oneself 玩得开心=have a good time3. teach oneself sth = learn sth by oneself 自学 We can teach ourselves English. = We can learn English by ourselves .4. look after oneself 照顾自己5. leave one by oneself 把某人单独留下 She cant leave Tom by himself .6. by oneself 靠自己 7.dress oneself 自己穿衣服8. say to oneself 自言自语 9. lose oneself in 沉迷于e to oneself 苏醒 11.kill oneself 自杀 12.introduce oneself 自我介绍 13.devote oneself to 专心于 Ex.1. Lucy, can you do it by _ ?2. My mother said she could look after _.3. We must finish it by _.4. They came to see the house _ yesterday.5. Lilei can dress _ and wash _ .6. My parents enjoy_ every day.7. Did he hurt _?8. You can pick the apple by _, John.9. Miss Liu taught _ Japanese .10. The twins correct the mistakes by _ .11. Who teaches _ English ? He teaches _. A. himself ,himself B. him, himself C. his , himself四、指示代词1、指示代词的形式 ：单数：this , that 复数：these , those 2、打电话时，常用“that”询问对方是“谁”， 用“this”介绍自己。 如：-Hello , Is that Lucy ? - Hello , this is Lucy.五、疑问代词指人：who , whom , whose ，which指物：what , which指时间： when 指地点： where(疑问副词)指方式：how（疑问副词）六、不定代词1.常见的不定代词有：some , any , one, each , every , no , none , all , both ,either , neither , many , much , a few , a little , other , another ,the other 等 it 的用法1、指时间、天气或距离等 如：Its eight oclock now . Its time for class . Its getting hotter and hotter. Its five miles from my home to school .2、指谈话双方都知道的或都不知道的人或事 如：-Who is knocking at the door ? -It must be Lilei. He said he would come tonight . -Who is it ? - Its me. 3、做形式主语或形式宾语 如：Its very important to study English well . We found it hard to finish the work on time.3. all 是在三者或三者以上 eg, Lily, Lucy and I are all students. We all stand here . 当表示两者都用 both eg, Lily and Lucy are both clever. My sister and I both go to school .2. little 和 a little, few 和 a few a little + 不可数名词 一点点 , 肯定 little + 不可数名词 几乎没有 , 否定 eg, There is _meat in the fridge. Lets go and get some . I am very thirsty. Luckily , there is _tea in the teapot . I have learned English for one year. I can speak _ now .3, every 和 each后都可以接单数可数名词 eg, every / each teacher 但 each则是指两者或两者以上中的每一个，且可用于each of 结构，every 表示三个或三个以上中的每一个，且不可以用 of 结构. eg, Every boy has a bike . - Each boy has a bike . - Each of the boys has a bike. eg, on _side of the street4., some 用于肯定句，any用于否定句和疑问句 eg, There is some water in the cup , but not any milk . Is there any news today ?但在疑问句中，当说话者希望对方做肯定回答时要用 some , 而不是 anyeg, -May I have some paper , please ? -Sure. Here you are .5. either: 任意一个（两个中选一个） eg,-Would you like tea or coffee ? - Either is ok, I dont mind . 构成 either or 词组或者或者 Either you or your brother is here .-Either your brother or you are here . Either you or your brother works here .-Either your brother or you _ here . neither （两个中）一个都没有-Would you like some tea or coffee ?-Neither . I like orange juice . neither nor 既不、也不、 Neither you nor your brother is in Row 3.-Neither your brother nor you are in Row 3 Neither he nor his sisters have a car.-Neither his sisters nor he _a car. 6., another: 另一个,单数可数名词 other: 另外的，其余的 + 复数名词, 泛指 the other:另外的，其余的 + 复数名词, 特指others: 另外的（人或物）, 泛指 the others: 另外的（人或物）, 特制此外，固定词组 one the other 一个、另一个、 eg, Of the two boys , one is my brother , _ is his brother . Of the three teachers , one is from America , _ two are from England . Would you like _cup of tea ?1.- Is this your dictionary? B - No, _ is in my bag. A. hers B. mine C. yours2. - We have to be quick. The train A starts at 10:35. - Dont worry. There is _ time to go. A. a little B.few C. little D. any3. Weve got two TV sets, but _ works well.DA. any B. both C.either D. neither 4. How many of these books have you read? -_ of them, every one. A. Many B. Some C.All D. None5. - Did your parents go to the film yesterday evening? -No, we_ stayed at home watching TV. A. both B. all C. either D. none6.Boys and girls! Please help _ to some apples.A. you B. yourself C. yourselves4. My parents _ teachers. B They work hard. A. are all B. are both C. both are5.Listen! I have _ to tell you.B A. important something B. something important C. anything important D, nothing important6.I have two friends. One is a farmer, _is a teacher.BA. another B. other C. the other7.You look thirsty. Would you like to _water. A. any B. some C. a few8.Look! There are so _ students in the field. A. much B. little C. many9.There are some trees on _ sides of the road. A. both B. either C. neither10. The boy is looking for _mother. A. her B. he C. his11,-Is there _ in the room ? - No, _is in . A, anybody, nobody B, anybody, everybody C, somebody, anybody12, _do you have for lunch ? A, Which B, Where C, What13, Terry enjoyed _very much . A, he B, him C, himself14, The man is _Chinese teacher . A, Tom and Tim B, Toms and Tims C, Tom and Tims二 .each ，every的区别each 强调“个体”，可作代词和限定词，指“两个或两个以上中的每一个”。Every 强调“全体”，只能作定语，指“三个或三个以上中的每一个”。Each作为同位语时，不影响谓语动词的形式，不可用not each表示部分否定。Each of my children goes to a different school.Each of the tickets costs 10dollars.=the tickets cost 10dollars each=the tickests each cost 10 dollars.(each 作同位语)Every man is not honest = not every man is honest. 专心-专注-专业