初中英语比较级和最高级知识点(共1页).doc
精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上比较级与最高级语法专讲形容词分为三种等级:原级,比较级与最高级。一、形容词的原级及用法形容词的原级(形容词本来面目不作变化)1.表示没有进行比较或进行同级比较2.可以修饰原级的词: very , quite , enough(“足够”,用在形容词后) , so , pretty , too , how , rather(相当) .(not) as/soas (不)像/如一样 , 同级比较 = less + adj ./adv .原形+thane.g. 我们多么高兴啊！ How happy we are !这把尺子和那把一样长。This ruler is as long as that one .(变否定句) 这把尺子不如那把长This ruler isnt as/so long as that one .This ruler is less long than that one .二、形容词比较级最高级变化规则单音节词比较级在词尾加er,最高级加est cold colder coldest tall taller tallesthigh higher highest long longer longest以字母e结尾的词只加r或stnice nicer nicest late later latest fine finer finest 重读闭音节双写辅音字母再加er或estbig bigger biggest hot hotter hottest wet wetter wettest thin thinner thinnest redredder reddest fat fatter fattest sad sadder saddest以辅音字母+y结尾的词把y变i再加er或esteasy easier easiest early earlier earliestfunny funnier funniest happy happier happiestheavy heavier heaviest dirty dirtier dirtiest多音节词、部分双音节词(特别是ful结尾及v.+ed/ing构成的形容词)及个别单音节词(fun)在前面加more或mostinteresting important difficult excited tired careful popular expensive boring fun不规则变化little less least good / well better best bad / ill / badly worse worst many / much more most old older oldest (年龄大的,与than连用)old elder eldest(“年长的”,只作定语不与than连用)far farther farthest (距离远)far further furthest (除距离外,还指程度上更进一步的) 副词比较级和最高级的变化规则大致与此相同三、比较级用法1.表示两者之间进行比较,“更”2.可以修饰比较级的词: much = a lot (得多) a little = a bit (一点点) even (甚至) far (远远) any (丝毫,稍微,) 用于否定和疑问句中3.比较级标志: than or4.形容词比较级句式:A +谓语动词+ 形容词的比较级 + than + B. (A比B) 玛丽比凯特更瘦。Mary is thinner than Kate.Which/Who +谓语动词 +形容词比较级, A or B? (哪个/谁更, A 还是B？) Who runs faster , Mary or Kate ?6.比较级特殊用法:the +比较级+of the two “两者中较的”他是两个男孩中较高的。Hes the taller one of the two boys .“比较级+and+比较级”或“more and more +多音节词” “越来越” 他越来越高。 Hes taller and taller 英语越来越重要 English is more and more important .The+比较级, the+比较级 “越, 越”你越快乐就越美丽。The happier you are , the more beautiful you are . the +序数词+形容词最高级+n 意为第几最的The Yellow river is the second longest river in China.黄河是中国第二长的河流。比较级+than any other +n单.+in+同一范围她比班里其他任何一个女孩都漂亮。Shes more beautiful than any other girl in our class.= 她是班上最漂亮的女孩。Shes the most beautiful girl in our class.该用法虽然出现了in所引导的比较范围但是仍要用比较级,此成为用比较级表示最高级,实质是最高级。四、最高级用法1.表示三者或三者以上的比较,“最”2.比较级前必须加the , 副词前的the可以省略。3.最高级标志:in of or(三者及三者以上) in后跟比较范围, of后跟进行比较的同类事物。4.句式: the + 最高级 +(n.) + in +比较范围 我是我们班最聪明的。Im the smartest in our class.the + 最高级 +(n.) + of +同类事物这本书是所有书中最有趣的。This book is the most interesting of all the books. Which/Who +v.(单数) +最高级, A, B or C?Jay, Will和Jack谁最收欢迎？ Who is the most popular, Jay, Will or Jack? 五、例题解析与难点攻克主语为物时的比较对象的一致性问题1. My bag is bigger than you. 误 My bag is bigger than your. 误 My bag is bigger than your bag. 正 My bag is bigger than yours. 正 比较对象应与主语对等,than后的其比较对象可为: 限定词+n. 名词所有格(一般省略其后相同的名词)名词性物主代词(=形容词性物主代词+n.) mine， yours ，his， hers ，its ， ours， theirs4. The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Shanghai. 当主语有后置定语修饰时,为保证比较对象一致,常用that/those 指代比较对象。专心-专注-专业
