名词性从句的重点、难点、考点(共6页).doc

精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上名词性从句的重点、难点、考点：名词性从句在功能上相当于名词名词性从句的定义:在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫名词性从句(Noun Clauses）。名词从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。(一）引导名词性从句的连接词1、连接代词：who, whose, whom, what, which。有词义，在从句中担任成分，如主语、表语、宾语、或定语等。2、连接副词：when, where, why, how。有词义，在从句中担任成分，作状语。3、连接词：that, whether, if, as if。 that 无词义，在从句中不担任成分，有时可省略；as if（好象）虽有词义，但在从句中不担任成分。注意：连词的选用： 依据“缺什么补什么”原则确定正确的连词。如果句子中缺主语，指人用who，指物用what；如缺宾语，指人用whom，指物用what；如缺时间状语用when；地点状语用where；原因状语用why；方式状语用how；定语用what或which；什么都不缺用that。whether 和if（是否），1. Its not immediately clear _ the financial crisis will soon be over . A. since B. what C. when D. whether2. As a new diplomat , he often thinks of _ he can react more appropriately on such occasions. A. what B. which C. that D. how 3. When asked _ they need most , the kids said they wanted to feel important and loved. A. what B. why C. whom D. which 4. The last time we had great fun was _ we were visiting the Water Park . A. where B. how C. when D. why 5. Why not try your luck downtown, Bob? Thats _the best jobs are . A. where B. what C. when D. why 6._ you don't like him is none of my business. (上海1992)A. What B. Who C. That D. Whether7.Go and get your coatIt's _ you left it A. where B. there C. here where D. where there（二）that在名词性从句中的用法that 引导名词性从句不充当任何成分，没有具体意义。以下情况that不能省略：1.主、表、同从句不能省That I can pay back the help people give me makes me happy.It is certain that he will succeed.The order that all the soldiers should stay still is given by the general.The fact is that he has not been seen recently.2.宾语从句中的that 一般可以省，但以下情况不能：a. 并列宾语从句中第一个that 可以省，后面的都不能省。I knows (that) he is a worker and that he lives in Shanghai.b.介词in , except 后面的that 不能省。The reason lies in _she works harder than others do.The higher income tax is harmful in _it may discourage people from trying to earn more.c.主句动词后有其它从句插入，或连接词后有其它从句插入，that 不能省。He judged _ because he was a child , he didn't understand what he said . Everyone knows _ happened and_ she was worried .A that, that B. what, that C. what, / D. that , what d. it 做形式，that做真正的宾语引导从句，that不能省。I think it difficult _we finish the task in only one day. A / B. that C. what D. whiche.若主句的谓语动词是appear， agree，learn， suggest，observe等时，that通常不可省略。例如： We agreed that all the students must plant trees in the park.1. Chinas success in manned-spacecraft travel shows _ our country has become one of the greatest powers in space research. A. what B. which C. 不填 D. it that（三）、whether与if的辨用whether与if都可以引导宾语从句，常可互换。但在下列情况下用whether。a. 主语从句 b. 表语从句 c. 同位语从句 e. 介词后的宾语从句f.后接动词不定式 (whether to do sth.) g .whether or not 连在一起引导宾语从句时不用if_ the meeting will be held in Beijing is not known yet.A. Whenever B. If C. Whether D. That2.At first he hated the new job but decided to give himself a few months to see _ it got any better. A. when B. how C. why D. if 3._well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where4. What the doctors really doubt is _my mother will recover from the serious disease soon. (上海2001) A. when B. how C. whether D. why（四）名词性从句中一律使用陈序语气。e.g. He asked how much I paid for the violin.I want to know what he has told you. 我想知道他告诉了你什么。 She always thinks of how she can work well. 她总是在想怎样能把工作做好。1.No one can be sure _ in a million years.A. what man will look like B. what will man look like C. man will look like what D. what look will man like2.You cant imagine _ when they received these nice Christmas presents.A. how they were excited B. how excited they were C. how excited were they D. they were how excited 3. The photographs will show you _（MET1989） A. what does our village look like B. what our village looks like C. how does our village look like D. how our village looks like 4. Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see _. (NMET2000)A. who is he B. who he is C. who is it D. who it is 5. Can you make sure _ the gold ring? (NMET1990)A. where Alice had put B. where did Alice put C. where Alice has put D. where has Alice put 6. He asked _ for the violin. (NMET1991)A. did I pay how much B. I paid how much C. how much did I pay D. how much I paid（五）名词性从句中虚拟语气的使用情况1、在表示“命令、建议、坚持、要求”的名词性从句中，要用“should+动词原形”形式，should可以省略。e.g. I made a suggestion that he (should) go there at once. I suggested that he (should) go there at once. The suggestion was that he (should) go there at once. I insist that she (should) do her work alone. 我坚持要她自己工作。The commander ordered that troops (should) set off at once. 司令员命令部队马上出发He insisted that he _ the money and _ he _ set free. A. didnt steal , / was B. steal , that , shoud be C. didnt steal , that , should be D. steal , / was2、wish引导的宾语从句中要用虚拟语气，分与现在、过去、将来相反三种情况。e.g. I wish I were ten years younger. I wish you had posted the letter yesterday. I wish I would try again.3、在句型“It + is/was + adj.+主语从句”中，如果形容词是important, strange, natural, necessary等，从句谓语部分要用“should+动词原形”形式，should可以省略。e.g. Its strange that he (should) think so. It is necessary that he (should) go there at once.1.It is necessary that a college student _at least a foreign language. (上海1993)A. masters B. should master C. mastered D. will master2.It was ordered that all the soldiers _to the front.A. should send B. must be sent C. should be sent D. must go3. We are all for your proposal that the discussion _.A. be put off B. was put off C. should put off D. is to be put off（六）主语从句：it做形式主语的重要句型1)It is / was + 名词 + that从句（a pity, a shame, a good idea, no wonder, an honor, high time）1. It is a pity that she _(come) to the party. 2.It is high time that we _(get) down to work.3. It is the first time that I _(come) to Beijing.4._is _the children love to visit the farm.2)It is/was+adj+that从句（possible, probable, likely, certain, surprsing, clear, obvious, apparent, evident, well-known, true, important, necessary, essential, strange常用虚拟语气：即（should）+动词原形） 如：It is necessary that we_(have) a good knowledge of basic English.3)It is / was + 过去分词+ that从句（said, reported/ thought, believed, suggested, advised, ordered, required , proved, believed, arranged , expected, hoped）如： _ is said_ he has gone abroad. 4) It + 不及物动词+ that 从句It seems/happens(碰巧)/ appears/ turns out / doesnt matter/ it occurs to sb. (某人突然想起)） that例句：_seems_ he has known the secret. 1._ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language. A. There B. This C. That D. It2. Its obvious to the students _ they should get well prepared for their future . Aas B. which C. whether D. that 3. It worried her a bit _her hair was turning grey. A. while B. if C. that D. for4. I hate _when people talk with their mouths full. A. it B. that C. this D. them5. Does _ matter if he can't finish the job on time? A. this B. that C. he D. it6. _that they found an unusual plant in the forest.A. It is said B. They are said C. It said D. It says（九） think, believe, imagine, suppose等等动词引起的否定性宾语从句中用在第一人称中时，要把上述主句中的动词变为否定式。即将从句中的否定形式移到主句中例如：We dont think you are here,_? I dont believe he will do so. _?She doesnt think you are here, _?（七）同位语从句 说明其前面的名词的具体内容。常由that引导，可用于同位语从句的名词有：(advice, demand, doubt, fact, hope, idea, information, message, news, order, possibility, problem, promise, proposal, question, request, reason, suggestion, truth, wish, word, belief）等。1.The news _ we won the game is exciting. ( )2.The thought came to him _ Mary had probably fallen ill.A. what B that C. why D. when( )3. -Is there any possibility _ you could pick up at the airport ? -No problem . ( )4. We should consider the students request _ the school liberary provide more books on popular science.( )5. News came from the school office _ Wang Lin had been adimitted to Beijing University.( )6. The fact has worried many scientists _ the earth is becoming warmer and warmer . A. where B. that C.which D. what 引导同位语从句与定语从句的that的区别 that作为关系代词，可以引导定语从句，充当句子成分，在从句中作宾语时可以省略； that引导同位语从句时，起连词的作用，没有实际意义，不充当句子成分，一般不能省略。 试比较下面两个例句: The news that he told me is very important（that引导_从句，作_，_省略）The news that our team won the game is exciting. （that引导_从句，_省略）( )1.Then arose the question _ we were to get so much money.( )2.This the house _ the great man Mao Zedong was born 110 years ago.A. where B. that C. about which D. in which（八）表语从句：表语从句位于系动词(be, seem, look 等)后，有时用as if / as though引导表语从句。 It happens that(恰好) ,It appears that(似乎), It seems that(好象), It turns out that(结果是)等这类结构的句子，通常被看作是表语从句。This is where our problem lies. 这就是我们的问题所在。That is why he didnt come to the meeting. 那就是他为什么不到会的原因。It looks as if it is going to rain. 看上去天要下雨了。- How I wished we studied _there are fewer exams ! - You are joking . A. where B. the place where C. in which D. in where (九) Where, when, why，because, as if/ as though等连接副词引导的名词性从句。Where, when, why等连接副词也可以引导名词性从句，使用的关键是：这个词必须符合句子的逻辑意义要求。例如：It looked as if it was going to rain. Thats because he didnt work hard enough. That was why I asked for three daysleave. 1.-I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.-Is that _ you had a few days off? A. why B. when C. that D. where 2.Do you remember _ he came?Yes, I do, he came by car. A. How B. when C. that D. if3. The reason _ he was late was _he missed the train by one minute this morning A. why, because B. why, that C. for, because D. for , that4. - I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week. - Is that _ you had a few days off ? A. why B. what C. when D. where （十） that 与what 在名词性从句中的区别That引导名词性从句在从句中不充当任何成分，也没任何意义，只起连接作用，有时可以省略，而what 引导从句时充当主，宾，表，定语。1._ he said so made us angry.2._the former Iraq president Saddam was captured has been proved.3._ he said made us angry.4.China is no longer _ it used to be . 5._ we cant get seems better than _ we have.A. What; what B. what; that C. That; that D. That; what6. _ caused the accident is still a complete mystery.A. What B. That C. How D. Where7. Many young people in the West are expected to leave _ could be lifes most important decision-marriage - almost entirely to luck. A. as B. that C. which D. what 8. _ is known to us all is that the 2008 Olympic Games took place in Beijing. A . It B. What C. As D. Which 9. _ you have done might do harm to other people.A. That B. What C. Whether D. How(十一) 疑问词+ever 与no matter + 疑问词的区别：疑问词+ever既可以引导名词性从句，又可以引导让步状语从句。Whoever breakes the law must be punished . 或：Whoever breakes the law, he must be punished . no matter + 疑问词只能引导让步状语从句.No matter who breaks the law, he must be punished. No matter what you do , you must do it well . 1.It is generally considered unwise to give a child _ he or she wants.A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever2._ has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising.A. Who B. The one C. Anyone D. Whoever3. It was a matter of _ would take the position.A. who B. whoever C. whom D. whomever4. She is very dear to us .We have been prepared to do _ it takes to save her life. A. whichever B. however C. whatever D. whoever 5. Could I speak to _ is in charge of the International Sales please?A. who B. what C. whoever D. whatever 6. The how to hook can be of help to _ wants to do the job. A. who B. whomever C. no matter who D. whoever 7._ wants to stay in the hotel has to pay their own way. A. Anyone B. The one .Whoever D. Who8. _ helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising. A. Who B. Anyone C. Whoever D. The person 另外，在whoever，whatever，whenever，wherever中，ever起强调作用，意为“究竟、到底”。如： 如： Wherever have you been? (十二)有些不可直接跟宾语从句的动词。I hate it when; I dislike it when; Id appreciate it ifI will see to it thatI hate it when people speak with their mouth full.I hate_ when the weather becomes cold because there in no heater inside . A. this B. that C. it D. so 名词性从句陷阱题：1. She was so angry and spoke so fast that none of us understood _ he said meant.A. that                          B. what C. that that           D. what what2. After _ had happened he could not continue to work there. A. which                     B. how C. what           D. having3. He pointed to _ looked like a tomb and said, “Ghost.” A. that               B. what C. which                  D. as4. “When _ leave for Japan?” “When _ leave for Japan is kept secret.” A. they will, will they             B. will they, they will C. they will, they will        D. will they, will they5. None knows if _ that boy, but if _ him, her parents will be disappointed. A. she will marry, she will marry         B. she marries, she marries C. she will marry, she marries              D. she marries, she will marry6. “Where _ go to work?” “Where _ go to work is not known.” A. we shall, we shall              B. shall we, shall we C. shall we, we shall           D. we shall, shall we 7. Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see _. A. who is he               B. who he is C. who is it         D. who it is8. Dont you know, my dear friend, _ it is your money not you that she loves? A. who             B. which C. that       D. what9. Everyone knows, perhaps except you, _ your girl-friend is a cheat. A. who                B. which C. that                 D. what10. I think, though I could be mistaken, _ she liked me. A. who                 B. which C. that            D. what 11. He told me the news, believe it or not, _ he had earned $1 000 in a single day. A. that           B. which C. as             D. because12. They lost their way in the forest, and _ made matters worse was that night began to f