Chapter03曼昆经济学(共21页).doc

精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上Chapter 3Interdependence and the Gains from TradeMULTIPLE CHOICE1.People who provide you with goods and servicesa.are acting out of generosity.b.are acting because they like you.c.do so because they get something in return.d.are required to do so by government.ANSWER: c.do so because they get something in return.TYPE: M SECTION: 1 DIFFICULTY: 12.A rancher can produce only hamburgers, and a farmer can produce only french fries. The rancher and the farmer both like both foods. Theya.cannot gain from trade.b.could gain from trade under certain circumstances, but not always.c.could gain from trade because each would enjoy a greater variety of food.d.could gain from trade only if each were indifferent between hamburgers and french fries.ANSWER: c.could gain from trade because each would enjoy a greater variety of food.TYPE: M SECTION: 1 DIFFICULTY: 23.Regan grows flowers and makes ceramic vases. Jayson also grows flowers and makes vases, but Regan is better at producing both. In this case, trade coulda.benefit both Jayson and Regan.b.benefit Jayson, but not Regan.c.benefit Regan, but not Jayson.d.not benefit Jayson nor Regan.ANSWER: a.benefit both Jayson and Regan.TYPE: M SECTION: 1 DIFFICULTY: 24.Without tradea.a country is better off because it will become self-sufficient.b.a countrys production possibilities frontier is also its consumption possibilities frontier.c.a country can still benefit from international specialization.d.more product variety is available in a country.ANSWER: b.a countrys production possibilities frontier is also its consumption possibilities frontier.TYPE: M SECTION: 1 DIFFICULTY: 25.With trade aa.country is worse off because it becomes dependent on other countries.b.country will produce a greater variety of goods and services to trade.c.countrys consumption possibilities frontier can be outside its production possibilities frontier.d.country will experience a lower unemployment rate.ANSWER: c.countrys consumption possibilities frontier can be outside its production possibilities frontier.TYPE: M SECTION: 1 DIFFICULTY: 26.A countrys consumption possibilities frontier can be outside its production possibilities frontier ifa.additional resources become available.b.there is an increase in the level of technology.c.the country engages in trade.d.All of the above are correct.e.Both a and b are correct.ANSWER: c.the country engages in trade.TYPE: M SECTION: 1 DIFFICULTY: 37.A production possibilities frontier will be linear and not bowed out ifa.no tradeoffs exist.b.the tradeoff between the two goods is always at a constant rate.c.unemployment is zero.d.resources are allocated efficiently.ANSWER: b.the tradeoff between the two goods is always at a constant rate.TYPE: M SECTION: 1 DIFFICULTY: 28.The difference between production possibilities frontiers that are bowed out and those that are linear is thata.bowed out production possibilities frontiers illustrate tradeoffs where linear production possibilities frontiers do not.b.bowed out production possibilities frontiers show increasing opportunity cost where linear ones show constant opportunity cost.c.bowed out production possibilities frontiers are the result of perfectly shiftable resources where linear production possibilities frontiers are not.d.linear production possibilities frontiers illustrate real world conditions more than bowed out production possibilities frontiers.ANSWER: b.bowed out production possibilities frontiers show increasing opportunity cost where linear ones show constant opportunity cost.TYPE: M SECTION: 1 DIFFICULTY: 39.Which of the following is NOT correct?a.Trade allows for specialization.b.Trade is good for nations.c.Trade is based on absolute advantage.d.Trade allows individuals to consume outside of their individual production possibilities curve.ANSWER: c.Trade is based on absolute advantage.TYPE: M SECTION: 2 DIFFICULTY: 210.If labor in Mexico is less productive than labor in the United States in all areas of production,a.neither nation can benefit from trade.b.Mexico can benefit from trade but the United States cannot.c.Mexico will not have a comparative advantage in any good.d.both nations can benefit from trade.ANSWER: d.both nations can benefit from trade.TYPE: M SECTION: 2 DIFFICULTY: 2Labor Hours Needed to Make 1 Pound of:Pounds produced in 40 hours:MeatPotatoesMeatPotatoesFarmer 82520Rancher 4510811.According to the table, the opportunity cost of 1 pound of meat for the farmer isa.1/4 hour of labor.b.4 hours of labor.c.4 pounds of potatoes.d.1/4 pound of potatoes.ANSWER: c.4 pounds of potatoes.TYPE: M SECTION: 2 DIFFICULTY: 312.According to the table, the opportunity cost of 1 pound of meat for the rancher isa.4 hours of labor.b.5 hours of labor.c.5/4 pounds of potatoes.d.4/5 pound of potatoes.ANSWER: d.4/5 pound of potatoes.TYPE: M SECTION: 2 DIFFICULTY: 313.According to the table, the opportunity cost of 1 pound of potatoes for the farmer isa.8 hours of labor.b.2 hours of labor.c.4 pounds of meat.d.1/4 pound of meat.ANSWER: d.1/4 pound of meat.TYPE: M SECTION: 2 DIFFICULTY: 314.According to the table, the opportunity cost of 1 pound of potatoes for the rancher isa.4 hours of labor.b.5 hours of labor.c.5/4 pounds of meat.d.4/5 pound of meat.ANSWER: c.5/4 pounds of meat.TYPE: M SECTION: 2 DIFFICULTY: 315.According to the table, the Farmer has an absolute advantage ina.meat, and the Rancher has an absolute advantage in potatoes.b.potatoes, and the Rancher has an absolute advantage in meat.c.meat, and the Rancher has an absolute advantage in meat.d.neither good, and the Rancher has an absolute advantage in both goods.ANSWER: b.potatoes, and the Rancher has an absolute advantage in meat.TYPE: M SECTION: 2 DIFFICULTY: 216.According to the table, the Rancher has an absolute advantage ina.both goods, and the Farmer has a comparative advantage in meat.b.meat, and the Farmer has a comparative advantage in potatoes.c.meat, and the Farmer has a comparative advantage in neither good.d.both goods, and the Farmer has a comparative advantage in potatoes.ANSWER: b.meat, and the Farmer has a comparative advantage in potatoes.TYPE: M SECTION: 2 DIFFICULTY: 317.According to the table, the Farmer has an absolute advantage ina.potatoes, and the Rancher has a comparative advantage in meat.b. meat, and the Rancher has a comparative advantage in potatoes.c.neither good, and the Rancher has a comparative advantage in potatoes.d.neither good, and the Rancher has a comparative advantage in meat.ANSWER: a.potatoes, and the Rancher has a comparative advantage in meat.TYPE: M SECTION: 2 DIFFICULTY: 318.According to the table, the Rancher has a comparative advantage ina.neither good, and the Farmer has a comparative advantage in both goods.b.both goods, and the Farmer has a comparative advantage in neither good.c.meat, and the Farmer has a comparative advantage in potatoes.d.potatoes, and the Farmer has a comparative advantage in meat.ANSWER: c.meat, and the Farmer has a comparative advantage in potatoes.TYPE: M SECTION: 2 DIFFICULTY: 319.According to the table, the Farmer and Rancher both could benefit by the Farmer specializing ina.meat and the Rancher specializing in potatoes.b.potatoes and the Rancher specializing in meat.c.neither good and the Rancher specializing in both goods.d.They cannot benefit by specialization and trade.ANSWER: b.potatoes and the Rancher specializing in meat.TYPE: M SECTION: 2 DIFFICULTY: 220.According to the graph, if Paul divides his time equally between corn and wheat, he will be able to producea.2 bushels of wheat and 2 bushels of corn.b.3 bushels of wheat and 3 bushels of corn.c.4 bushels of wheat and 5 bushels of corn.d.4 bushels of wheat and 6 bushels of corn.ANSWER: c.4 bushels of wheat and 5 bushels of corn.TYPE: M SECTION: 2 DIFFICULTY: 221.According to the graph, the opportunity cost of 1 bushel of wheat for Cliff isa.1/3 bushel of corn.b.2/3 bushel of corn.c.1 bushel of corn.d.3/2 bushels of corn.ANSWER: b.2/3 bushel of corn.TYPE: M SECTION: 2 DIFFICULTY: 222.According to the graph, assume that both Paul and Cliff divide their time equally between the production of corn and wheat, and they do not trade. If they were the only producers of corn and wheat, then total production of wheat and corn would bea.8 bushels of wheat and 7 bushels of corn.b.7 bushels of wheat and 6 bushels of corn.c.6 bushels of wheat and 8 bushels of corn.d.7 bushels of wheat and 7 bushels of corn.ANSWER: d.7 bushels of wheat and 7 bushels of corn.TYPE: M SECTION: 2 DIFFICULTY: 323.According to the graph, assume that Cliff and Paul were both producing wheat and corn, and each were dividing their time equally between the two. Then they decide to specialize in the product they have a comparative advantage in. As a result, total production of corn woulda.increase by 1 bushel.b.increase by 3 bushels.c.increase by 5 bushels.d.decrease by 2 bushels.ANSWER: b.increase by 3 bushels.TYPE: M SECTION: 2 DIFFICULTY: 324.According to the graph, assume that Cliff and Paul were both producing wheat and corn, and each were dividing their time equally between the two. Then they decide to specialize in the product they have a comparative advantage in and trade 3 bushels of wheat for 3 bushels of corn. Cliff would now be able to consume.a.4 bushels of wheat and 3 bushels of corn.b.3 bushels of wheat and 4 bushels of corn.c.3 bushels of wheat and 3 bushels of corn.d.2 bushels of wheat and 3 bushels of corn.ANSWER: c.3 bushels of wheat and 3 bushels of corn.TYPE: M SECTION: 2 DIFFICULTY: 325.According to the graph, which of the following is true for Cliff and Paul?a.Paul has an absolute advantage in both wheat and corn.b.Paul has an absolute advantage in wheat and Cliff has an absolute advantage in corn.c.Cliff has an absolute advantage in wheat and Paul has an absolute advantage in corn.d.Cliff has an absolute advantage in both wheat and corn.ANSWER: a.Paul has an absolute advantage in both wheat and corn.TYPE: M SECTION: 2 DIFFICULTY: 226.According to the graph, which of the following is true for Cliff and Paul?a.Paul has a comparative advantage in both wheat and corn.b.Paul has a comparative advantage in wheat and Cliff has a comparative advantage in corn.c.Cliff has a comparative advantage in wheat and Paul has a comparative advantage in corn.d.Cliff has a comparative advantage in both wheat and corn.ANSWER: c.Cliff has a comparative advantage in wheat and Paul has a comparative advantage in corn.TYPE: M SECTION: 2 DIFFICULTY: 327.According to the graphs, for Ben, the opportunity cost of 1 pound of ice cream isa.4 pounds of cones.b.1/2 pound of cones.c.2 pounds of cones.d.1/4 pound of cones.ANSWER: a.4 pounds of cones.TYPE: M SECTION: 2 DIFFICULTY: 328.According to the graphs, for Jerry the opportunity cost of 1 pound of ice cream isa.1 pound of cones.b.3/2 pounds of cones.c.1/3 pounds of cones.d.2 pounds of cones.ANSWER: b.3/2 pounds of cones.TYPE: M SECTION: 2 DIFFICULTY: 329.According to the graphs, for Ben the opportunity cost of 1 pound of cones isa.2 pounds of ice cream.b.1/2 pound of ice cream.c.4 pounds of ice cream.d.1/4 pound of ice cream.ANSWER: d.1/4 pound of ice cream.TYPE: M SECTION: 2 DIFFICULTY: 330.According to the graphs, for Jerry the opportunity cost of 1 pound of cones isa.2/3 pound of ice cream.b.3 pounds of ice cream.c.1 pound of ice cream.d.2 pounds of ice cream.ANSWER: a.2/3 pound of ice cream.TYPE: M SECTION: 2 DIFFICULTY: 331.According to the graphs, Ben has a comparative advantage ina.cones and Jerry has a comparative advantage in ice cream.b.ice cream and Jerry has a comparative advantage in cones.c.neither good and Jerry has a comparative advantage in both goods.d.both goods and Jerry has a comparative advantage in neither good.ANSWER: a.cones and Jerry has a comparative advantage in ice cream.TYPE: M SECTION: 2 DIFFICULTY: 332.According to the graphs, Ben has an absolute advantage ina.ice cream and Jerry has an absolute advantage in cones.b.cones and Jerry has an absolute advantage in ice cream.c.neither good and Jerry has an absolute advantage in both goods.d.both goods and Jerry has an absolute advantage in neither good.ANSWER: b.cones and Jerry has an absolute advantage in ice cream.TYPE: M SECTION: 2 DIFFICULTY: 233.According to the graphs, Ben has a comparative advantage ina.ice cream and Jerry has an absolute advantage in both goods.b.cones and Jerry has an absolute advantage in ice cream.c.ice cream and Jerry has an absolute advantage in neither good.d.ice cream and Jerry has an absolute advantage in cones.ANSWER: b.cones and Jerry has an absolute advantage in ice cream.TYPE: M SECTION: 2 DIFFICULTY: 234.According to the graphs, Ben has an absolute advantage ina.cones and Jerry has a comparative advantage in ice cream.b.both goods and Jerry has a comparative advantage in cones.c.ice cream and Jerry has a comparative advantage in conesd.neither good and Jerry has a comparative advantage in ice cream.ANSWER: a.cones and Jerry has a comparative advantage in ice cream.TYPE: M SECTION: 2 DIFFICULTY: 235.Suppose that Ben and Jerry have both decided to produce at point A on their production possibilities frontiers, we know thata.this is not an efficient combination for either Ben or Jerry.b.Ben and Jerry are both allocating 1/2 their time to the production of each good.c.no other production point is as efficient for both Ben and Jerry to produce as point A.d.both should always attempt to produce an equal number of cones and ice cream.ANSWER: b.Ben and Jerry are both allocating 1/2 their time to the production of each good.TYPE: M SECTION: 2 DIFFICULTY: 336.Ben and Jerry were currently both producing at point A on their production possibilities frontier and then Ben decided he would be willing to trade 4 pounds of cones to get 2 pounds of ice cream from Jerry. If both decided to specialize in what they had a comparative advantage in and trade, the gains from trade would bea.1 pound of cones for Ben and 1 pound of ice cream for Jerry.b.1 pound of ice cream for Ben and 1 pound of cones for Jerry.